[HN Gopher] The skilled trades haven't caught as a career choice...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The skilled trades haven't caught as a career choice with Gen Z
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 124 points
       Date   : 2023-01-05 16:33 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | While the trend they're talking about may be real, the way they
       | provide evidence for it is sloppy.
       | 
       | > The number of young people seeking technical jobs -- like
       | plumbing, building and electrical work -- dropped by 49% in 2022
       | compared to 2020, according to data from online recruiting
       | platform Handshake shared with NPR.
       | 
       | > Researchers from Handshake tracked how the number of
       | applications for technical roles vs. the number of job postings
       | has changed over the last two years.
       | 
       | > While postings for those roles -- automotive technicians,
       | equipment installers and respiratory therapists, to name a few --
       | saw about 10 applications each in 2020, they got about five per
       | posting in 2022.
       | 
       | I.e. the evidence is in terms of applications per job posting,
       | but the claim is about the number people seeking jobs. These are
       | not the same. If it's understood that it's a job-seekers market,
       | the same number of job seekers in 2022 could reasonably each have
       | applied to half as many positions each, and be pickier about
       | which postings they pursue.
        
       | UncleMeat wrote:
       | "We need more tradespeople" seems to be an evergreen news
       | article.
       | 
       | My brother in law is an electrician. He is paid alright, enough
       | to live on. But there are HUGE downsides. He does not receive
       | health insurance. He does not get paid vacation. In order to
       | match decent white-collar pay, he needs to work overtime. His
       | company pushes _hard_ to get jobs finished fast, causing people
       | to cut safety corners. Many of his coworkers have been badly (in
       | one case, nearly fatally) injured on the job. There are no
       | meaningful raises.
       | 
       | It isn't a _bad_ career, but there are major reasons why it would
       | be unattractive.
        
         | pleb_nz wrote:
         | Is this more of a US issue? I'm ex tradesman and know a lot of
         | tradespeople in my part of the world and they're often some of
         | the best off and fittest people I know. Being on your feet all
         | day and moving around seems to be good for the human body
         | rather than sitting behind a desk for 8 hours which we now is
         | incredibly bad for you.
        
           | Workaccount2 wrote:
           | There is a spectrum here. Plenty of tradesmen "living the
           | retired life" at 50 with two blown knees and a bad back.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > His company pushes hard to get jobs finished fast, causing
         | people to cut safety corners
         | 
         | Man, this bothers me in software, where physical human safety
         | isn't even on the line. I can't even imagine dealing with that
         | when somebody could actually die.
        
           | verdenti wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _are no meaningful raises_
         | 
         | Doesn't the career path in the trades lead to owning your own
         | business? Obviously, not for everyone. But the scope for
         | advancement and riches is certainly there.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Yes, this is where/how you make money in the trades. Or you
           | specialize in something esoteric and potentially dangerous
           | like underwater welding or high voltage linesman.
           | 
           | If you stay as a line worker in a union you will do OK but
           | won't be rich (unless you live frugally and save/invest a
           | lot).
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Not by default. A huge number of people work for corps. And
           | they don't teach you small business management in trade
           | schools.
        
         | eddsh1994 wrote:
         | This is why Unions exist, no?
         | 
         | Personally I sometimes wonder if I'd have enjoyed plumbing
         | water more than plumbing code as I'd be meeting more people
         | face to face, physically active, and it can get surprisingly
         | complex (Berkeley, I think, offers a postgrad cert in plumbing
         | buildings like sky scrapers which I saw advertised the other
         | day)
        
           | peruvian wrote:
           | Tech people always say this but forget that being a plumber
           | means being on their knees wading thru poop water and likely
           | being unable to work when you reach a certain, fairly young
           | age.
           | 
           | I get it, trades are important, but let's not glamorize them.
        
             | jonatron wrote:
             | Not all countries have toilets that block as easily as
             | American / Canadian toilets. So wading through dirty water
             | is less likely in the UK for example.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | Well, being an outhouse carpenter sucks too!
        
             | dinkumthinkum wrote:
             | Nothing against them but I think glamorizing trades seems
             | like a kind of virtue signal.
        
             | eddsh1994 wrote:
             | I have done far worse than wade through poop water on my
             | knees when I worked as a teenager on a paintball site / as
             | a rifleman in the army! But to each their own :)
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | Probably not. Maybe you just really like people, but in a lot
           | of trades, the people you meet are grumpy. They don't want to
           | meet you; they just want their problem solved. Either they're
           | building a new thing (and trying to meet an aggressive
           | schedule... and are probably behind by the time they bring in
           | the plumbers) or repairing an old thing (and dealing with
           | people who are cranky that the thing failed).
           | 
           | It's probably not as bad as tech support, where you can
           | guarantee that the person on the other end of the phone is
           | angry. But it's probably at least as bad as retail, and
           | nobody ever says "I love meeting people so I'll go handle
           | cash from strangers".
           | 
           | I know that there are extroverts in the world who get a
           | charge out of meeting new people every day. And there's a big
           | bonus to not sitting in a chair in front of a screen,
           | especially if you're one of those. But I've got a feeling
           | you're a lot happier with coding-level salaries and meeting
           | strangers after you clock out.
        
           | Dig1t wrote:
           | Yes! I grew up in California and my dad was a tradesperson.
           | The union is the only reason my siblings and I had health
           | insurance growing up. He never got any vacation time though,
           | insurance was the main benefit of the union I think.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, other states in the US have much weaker unions
           | or none at all, especially in the south.
        
             | eddsh1994 wrote:
             | I am English but moved to the Bay Area a few years back and
             | became friends with a union electrician from Alabama so
             | this conversation comes up a little - it sounded like
             | unions are supported in the south even if they look a
             | little different. However I'm not American and am not
             | certain about that at all :)
        
               | nebula8804 wrote:
               | Does not seem like given a lot of the auto factories in
               | the south are not unionized and multiple attempts to
               | unionize them failed because the workers reject them.
               | 
               | Then there was that famous failed attempt at unionizing
               | the Amazon warehouse in Alabama? I think? Yeah there was
               | a lot of shady stuff going down but it just does not look
               | good among all the other failures.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Yes.
           | 
           | My brother in law lives in SC where unionization and labor
           | protection is especially weak. I don't think that the balance
           | of power is going to shift away from the bosses and towards
           | him any time soon.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | The people I've known in trade unions locally spent a lot of
           | time not working waiting on the bench for the next job. The
           | work was much closer to being a short term contractor not at
           | all in control of finding new work.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | There's plenty of tradesmen in unions. And plenty of other
           | tradesmen willing to undercut them.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | Every time I employ a tradesman to fix something around here, I
         | get an astonishingly high bill.
        
           | quickthrower2 wrote:
           | They are like meaty unreserved cloud resources. You want to
           | call a plumber at any time and they drive out with their
           | expertise, their $200k of vehicle and equipment, insurances
           | and fix something. It will cost!
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | This is the cost of not having a social safety net and public
           | services, where everybody pays a little bit and everybody
           | benefits. It's not just the people who are self-employed that
           | benefit. Their customers also benefit from lower prices,
           | because self-employed people don't have such high expenses.
           | Of course, it all gets paid for eventually anyway, but
           | consistently over time, and ideally proportional to wealth
           | and/or income, rather than randomly punishing people who
           | happen to need repair work done.
        
           | baremetal wrote:
           | There is an old joke about a doctor who calls a plumber.
           | 
           | He gets the bill and says "That's outrageous, that's more
           | than I make as a doctor".
           | 
           | The plumber replies "Yeah that's more than I made as a doctor
           | too."
        
           | vanderZwan wrote:
           | The _company_ sending you a high bill doesn 't automatically
           | mean the guy who fixed your house gets paid well though, does
           | it?
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | They were one man shops.
             | 
             | 20 years ago, the going rate for installing a socket in an
             | existing wired and ready to go junction box was $50. It's
             | about a 5 minute job. I know it's about 5 minutes because
             | I've done a lot of them myself.
             | 
             | I'm sure prices have gone up a lot in the last couple
             | decades.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The electrician is not charging to do a 5 minute job.
               | They do not know that when they accept the job over the
               | phone.
               | 
               | They are charging for their time to drive to and from
               | you, the possibility that the job is more involved than
               | described, and the liability from doing the job. And the
               | opportunity cost of not accepting a different job due to
               | your job.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | That's the price I was quoted to do the whole house, not
               | one socket. $50 per outlet.
               | 
               | If I hired one to come out and do one socket, I'd be sure
               | to get a $200 site visit charge added on.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | This is what a contractor does when he doesn't want the
               | job because it's basically too small and would be more of
               | an annoyance than anything worth doing. Bid an outrageous
               | amount and then if the client says "yes" at least you're
               | making some money.
               | 
               | He's probably got a backlog of large jobs he can make
               | more money on. So if he's going to come out and do outlet
               | installation on one house, he's going to bid an amount
               | that is worth delaying other work.
               | 
               | For small/simple household jobs, you should call a
               | handyman not a trade contractor.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | I can confirm that is the the going rate right now.
        
               | danielheath wrote:
               | It's hardly surprising that a 5 minute job that requires
               | travel to and from the customer site on your own dime
               | costs enough to cover their travel time & costs; 20 years
               | ago they had to read a map, plan a route to their jobs
               | for the day, drive to and from the site.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | You're going to pay for a couple of hours no matter what.
               | He isn't just getting salary either. There's employment
               | taxes that need to be paid, tools and transportation
               | costs, insurance, benefits, etc.
        
               | karaterobot wrote:
               | One thing about contractors is that you're paying them
               | for the time they aren't working.
               | 
               | As in, they're probably not working steadily, 40 hours a
               | week, every week, but they still have bills to pay, and
               | this down time must be factored into their rates for the
               | profession to be sustainable.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if they DO work 40 hours a week, every
               | single week, they can probably afford to raise their
               | rates...
               | 
               | Have not been an electrician, but I have been a software
               | contractor, and the idea is the same.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | > He is paid alright, enough to live on. But there are HUGE
         | downsides. He does not receive health insurance. He does not
         | get paid vacation.
         | 
         | First I thought the person you were referring to was self-
         | employed but if they're an employee, why don't they get
         | vacation or health insurance?
        
         | falcolas wrote:
         | > It isn't a bad career
         | 
         | But there is a finite end to the career - when your body gives
         | out.
         | 
         | That's the biggest problem with the trades, you're selling your
         | health and body. And eventually the body parts will wear out,
         | on a schedule decided as much by genetics as how you live.
        
           | Avshalom wrote:
           | >there is a finite end to the career
           | 
           | this actually brings to mind something else:
           | 
           | I think the idea of a career is dead for a lot of the 40 and
           | under set. The idea that you'll have the same job for decades
           | is just nonsense so any job that feels too specific also
           | feels like a it'll bite you in the ass in 5 years.
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | A good point. I think it's even dead for the over 40 crowd,
             | as they try and slide into a new career which they can work
             | part time and make a living on. Given how questionable
             | retirement as a reality is these days.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | In general, reasonably lucrative part-time work for
               | someone coming from a professional role is tricky. And
               | even more so if you really want to have fairly fine-
               | grained control around both weekly workload and longer
               | vacations. Well-paying work that lets you just pick and
               | choose something here and there and then take a month off
               | if you feel like it are pretty uncommon.
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | You're 100% not wrong. I think in many cases through it's
               | supplementing insufficient retirement funds, so even a
               | low skill low wage part time job (making/selling art,
               | garden fruits/vegetables, foods, etc) may be sufficient
               | to provide enough runway for existing retirement funds.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Absolutely. And some people also seem to like that some
               | of these jobs provide human interaction. Some of my
               | private car drivers seem in this category.
               | 
               | I'm more talking about situations where it's not mostly
               | for the money but rather continuing the things people
               | have enjoyed doing professionally without doing it full-
               | time and without most of the downsides.
        
             | gspencley wrote:
             | > I think the idea of a career is dead for a lot of the 40
             | and under set. The idea that you'll have the same job for
             | decades is just nonsense
             | 
             | We're probably just nit-picking over definitions but a
             | career, in my opinion, is not "having the same job for
             | decades." A career is a decision to specialize in a
             | particular craft, trade or profession. The opposite of a
             | career is someone who takes odd jobs. Hospitality one day,
             | transportation the next, might dabble in manufacturing.
             | These jobs pay the bills, and there's nothing wrong with
             | "just" doing that, but they are disconnected jobs; not a
             | career.
             | 
             | I consider myself to have a career in software engineering
             | but I have had multiple "jobs" over the decades that have
             | contributed to that career. The career is the knowledge,
             | the experience, the speciality, the reputation, the time
             | spent focusing... all accumulated over my time developing
             | that career. A career could be made by having a single job
             | lasting from graduation until retirement, or it could be a
             | handful of jobs that put to practice and develop the same
             | skillset and knowledge.
        
               | Avshalom wrote:
               | >> We're probably just nit-picking over definitions but a
               | career
               | 
               | No, that's fair. Like "carpenter" and "programmer" are
               | both very broad professions of course. I think there's
               | something about the way various industries get hit by
               | down turns more or less visibly (like when construction
               | goes down it feels like it's everybody, and so every
               | framer, every concrete layer) that creates an (often
               | false to be sure) sense of narrowness.
               | 
               | But also Plumber, Electrician, Carpenter, etc. are very
               | broad trades and even though articles get written using
               | those words because everyone knows what they do, the
               | articles are often _really_ talking about the lack of
               | elevator technicians, crane operators, industrial HVAC,
               | PLC programmers, train conductors, air traffic
               | controllers those more niche trades. A lot of machine
               | operators end up so niche that their current company is
               | the only one in a state that could employ them. My sister
               | makes M &Ms, other than company policies about like
               | sanitation she'd be no better than a new hire on the Twix
               | line.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | I'm not sure how your body parts wear out.
           | 
           | Football players ruin their bodies through accumulated
           | injuries, not wearing their bodies out.
           | 
           | Do athletes wear their bodies out? I've never heard of that.
           | How does doing plumbing/electricioning wear your body out?
        
             | baremetal wrote:
             | >How does doing plumbing/electricioning wear your body out?
             | 
             | Climbing ladders. The knees go.
        
             | jorts wrote:
             | Plumbers and electricians contort their body and are moving
             | up and down into cavities of various sizes all day. It
             | definitely takes a toll on you.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Can't be worse than yoga.
               | 
               | Edit: Downvote me all you like. I've done yoga, I've done
               | plumbing, I've done electrical. Yoga takes the cake by a
               | mile for most painful contorting.
               | 
               | And yet I know an 86 yo woman who has been doing yoga 3
               | time a week forever and is fit and sharp.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | Huh? Yoga poses are purposeful, they're supposed to be
               | beneficial. Contorting your body all sorts of odd ways
               | while performing a trade is an entirely separate thing
               | from a yoga pose.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Have you ever tried yoga? You might change your mind if
               | you had. It's not a joke.
        
               | cmh89 wrote:
               | If doing Yoga is causing damage to your body, it's
               | because you are doing Yoga incorrectly.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | I've done it many times, even hot yoga. I also have
               | extensive experience wiring up and decommissioning data
               | centers, involving lots of odd contorting. Yoga felt a
               | lot better for me than contorting my body in odd ways.
        
             | jjulius wrote:
             | >Football players ruin their bodies through accumulated
             | injuries, not wearing their bodies out.
             | 
             | >Do athletes wear their bodies out? I've never heard of
             | that.
             | 
             | Isn't "[ruining] their bodies through accumulated injuries"
             | the same thing as wearing their body out?
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | No, it isn't the same thing. Just like crashing your car
               | isn't the same thing as wearing it out.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | >Just like crashing your car isn't the same thing as
               | wearing it out.
               | 
               | Not taking precautions, for instance, when driving over
               | potholes can wear certain facets of the car down without
               | doing significant immediate damage, the same way that
               | taking certain falls or hits can wear a body down. You
               | don't need a crash.
        
             | cityofdelusion wrote:
             | Not all injuries are at a gross level. Tendons and muscles
             | get micro tears, cartilage gets worn down into mush, bones
             | get tiny fractures. The human body repairs the best it can,
             | but there's a reason so many older tradesmen have bad
             | backs, bad knees, degenerative arthritis and so on.
             | 
             | Not to mention major injuries are still a big risk factor.
             | Broken fingers, destroyed shoulder joints, missing
             | fingernails, deep burns, scarred cuts, etc. Often never
             | seen by a doc too and never healing properly.
        
             | ehmish wrote:
             | I've got a friend who went into the trades instead of going
             | to university, he (correctly) recognised that what he was
             | passionate about wouldn't even pay for the degree
             | (composing music) so he figured he'd do it on the side and
             | do a trade to earn a living. Unfortunately due to a
             | workplace accident he cut the tendons in his wrist with a
             | box cutter, which means he can't now play the piano for any
             | reasonable amount of time. So i guess it's less "the body
             | wears out" but more "you accumulate a lot of small injuries
             | that eventually prevent you from perfoming your trade"
             | 
             | Edit:typo
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I'd buy the cumulative injury theme, but not the exercise
               | part.
        
             | 1970-01-01 wrote:
             | >I'm not sure how your body parts wear out.
             | 
             | Via cumulative tissue, bone, and sensory damage. Also known
             | as workin' hard.
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | Ask a construction worker in their 50's how their body
             | feels.
             | 
             | Respectfully, pedantically limiting the phrase "wearing
             | out" to some subset of conditions that conveniently
             | excludes accumulated injuries, the deterioration of
             | cartilage, and other load/repetition-induced joint
             | debilitation adds nothing to this conversation.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | > How does doing plumbing/electricioning wear your body
             | out?
             | 
             | Electrictions can work over their head with screw drivers
             | for weeks at an end. There are plenty of bad working
             | positions for their body.
        
             | LAC-Tech wrote:
             | Programmers get RSI from typing too much. You think
             | tradesman can't get worse?
        
           | ffwacom wrote:
           | My dad was an electrician his whole life, retired at 65 still
           | going out to job sites.
        
           | rednerrus wrote:
           | This is the reality of all jobs where you work for someone
           | else. You're selling your time, and your body to someone
           | else.
        
             | michaelbuckbee wrote:
             | You're right, but there's a gradient: there's selling your
             | time and then there's selling your time and being in
             | constant pain.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | josephshaw92 wrote:
             | its completely normal for you to sacrifice your physical
             | and mental health to work for us with minimal chance of
             | ever progressing economically
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | Sure, but the wear-and-tear on your brain from an office
             | job will always be significantly lower (and thus remain a
             | viable job for much longer) than a job in the figurative or
             | literal trenches.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Sitting in a chair all day is not good for your health
               | long term.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Right, but even when you're in poor health from sitting
               | in a chair all day you can keep sitting in that chair and
               | doing the same work. Whereas if you're a skilled trades
               | worker and break your back by falling off a ladder then
               | you can't work at all. So the downside risk is more
               | severe.
        
               | rednerrus wrote:
               | I wonder what the burnout rate is for the trades vs white
               | collar work.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | No one is forced to sit. For example, sit stand desks,
               | and waking breaks.
        
             | JacobThreeThree wrote:
             | You can be the owner/operator of the business, and are
             | therefore not working for someone else, but you are
             | nevertheless selling your body.
        
         | gsatic wrote:
         | It's not going to get more attractive. This is where some
         | imaginative immigration policies can help.
        
           | cudgy wrote:
           | By imaginative, do you mean restrictive?
        
             | convolvatron wrote:
             | I assume the opposite. like other sectors in the US economy
             | (MDs), its likely we're going to have to keep importing
             | people to take care of us since we're all focussed on
             | winning and don't have time to wash our own socks or bend
             | our own conduit.
        
               | nebula8804 wrote:
               | Demographic implosion will catch up to the third world
               | countries. Then the US is royally screwed. Some places
               | like China its already too late.
        
         | mfer wrote:
         | This isn't the case for all trades people. It might be a bad
         | area or a bad employer.
         | 
         | I've know trades folks who are electricians, plumbers,
         | carpenters, work in road construction, etc. They typically work
         | reasonable hours, have medical, and are paid at or above the
         | median income for where they live. They didn't rack up debt
         | getting into this either. This is not a bad deal for many
         | people.
        
           | ogre_battle wrote:
           | > it might be a bad area or a bad employer.
           | 
           | Outside of big cities, there may not be enough demand, esp.
           | consistent demand, to justify good pay and bennies.
           | 
           | My uncle is a welder, has a lot of specializations including
           | some underwater stuff. No shortage of offers... for 6 weeks
           | of work in nowhere-ville, often requiring you to supply your
           | own transport and housing. 3 months in FL, 6 months in NC, 8
           | weeks in GA. And they all pay crap.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | mfer wrote:
             | > Outside of big cities, there may not be enough demand,
             | esp. consistent demand, to justify good pay and bennies.
             | 
             | I guess that depends how far outside cities. In the suburbs
             | there is demand.
             | 
             | There is a shortage of trades and many trades folks are
             | older in age. When they retire there isn't the back fill
             | behind them. And all of this is happening as the population
             | is growing.
        
           | falcolas wrote:
           | There's a semi-retired craftsman I watch regularly on youtube
           | - Essential Craftsman. Almost all long-term success stories
           | in the trades which he tells directly or gets from his
           | friends involve transitioning from a tradesman to an
           | employer.
           | 
           | You're selling your health and body as a tradesman. If you
           | can make the transition to running a trades business, then
           | you're selling your brainpower more than your body.
           | 
           | Success stories in the trades are fairly consistent in this
           | matter.
        
             | throwaway5959 wrote:
             | Came here to say this. Growing up in the Midwest I saw this
             | all the time. The kids of plumbers that owned a plumbing
             | business lived in a very nice part of town, the kids of
             | plumbers still going to job sites lived in an OK part of
             | town.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | It might be a bad area. There aren't better employers in the
           | area. He knows he is being abused. He used to live and work
           | as an electrician in another country where he was treated
           | considerably better. He spends his days wiring new homes that
           | sell for 1.5M+ and gets treated like crap. Moving is
           | unfortunately not an option because my sister's career is
           | very location-dependent.
           | 
           | "Well if you aren't in one of the good areas you'll get
           | fucked" doesn't tend to make it into articles like the linked
           | above and I think it is worth knowing.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | New home/residential wiring jobs are basically the entry
             | point for electricians. It's about as mindless and simple
             | as it gets. I'm not sure what the licensing requirements
             | are but those are the sorts of jobs that an electrical
             | contractor puts their new/junior people on.
        
               | nullsense wrote:
               | I know nothing about the industry, but out of
               | curiosity... what are considered the more interesting
               | jobs?
        
               | jxramos wrote:
               | commercial sites are supposed to be good; I know a
               | commercial electrician and he'd talk about the many tech
               | company headquarters and new buildings he and his team
               | would wire up and do all the equipment for. This includes
               | outlets, infrastructure like AC and any special equipment
               | like fire alarms smoke detectors, any everything in
               | between. He'd say working for government jobs were too
               | slow, they took forever to complete, it was always more
               | lucrative to go for private industry large construction
               | sites like new malls, big buildings with large square
               | feet footprints. Basically commercial real estate stuff.
        
               | jasondigitized wrote:
               | Higher voltage = Higher wages
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | I only know a bit more than nothing, but I'd wager
               | anything industrial is considered more interesting.
               | Single-family residential wiring, especially for new
               | construction where there's nothing in the way, is so
               | simple that even I, using just what I've learned being a
               | homeowner, could meet code with it.
        
               | baremetal wrote:
               | Industrial.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Yeah, industrial/institutional, high voltage, multi-
               | phase, transformers, utility-level stuff e.g. generation
               | and transmission, etc.
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | Here's the problem with it all, tradesmen are all too eager to
         | undercut each other for some reason. There's so much work,
         | especially for trades that require a license that anyone that
         | isn't charging premium money is a fool. And there's lots of
         | foolish tradesmen with short term thinking and eager to sell
         | their services as a low price option. Often with low price work
         | to boot.
         | 
         | You rarely see older guys going for cheap and it's because they
         | know it's a foolish thing to do.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | quickthrowman wrote:
         | Your brother in law should join the IBEW (or leave Arizona or
         | whatever state he is in that has weak unions) as union
         | electricians receive all of the things he does not (I manage
         | union electricians).
         | 
         | Is he doing residential wiring? That's the bottom of the barrel
         | for electrical work, unfortunately. The commercial market is
         | where the bulk of the good work is.
        
         | crawsome wrote:
         | This is why Unions are important, and electricians have the
         | IBEW has an option.
        
       | Avshalom wrote:
       | A lot of these threads devolve into "have you tried paying more"
       | but I'd also like to highlight "have you actually tried telling
       | Gen Z that". I'm 35, from basically as early as I can remember
       | until sophmore year of college I was told constantly by every
       | adult (and I mean every adult not just the ones that had degrees)
       | in my life to go to college, get a degree, any degree. So yeah I
       | went to college. It was aggressively marketed to me for over a
       | decade and that affected my aspirations.
       | 
       | Doesn't help either I'm sure that unions, the organizations
       | willing/capable of marketing-to, teaching/training people and
       | giving them some sense of camaraderie, have been attacked for
       | decades as being variously inefficient to straight evil.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mfer wrote:
         | Many adults were told college was the only way to go. Those who
         | went through college and those who didn't. Doesn't matter the
         | debt. It's always better.
         | 
         | Except it's not. First, society is going to have too few
         | skilled trades folks in the coming years due to people retiring
         | and not being replaced. Second, a lot of college degrees can't
         | get someone a good job. I remember someone telling me they had
         | a business degree and couldn't get a job managing a store at
         | the mall.
        
           | cudgy wrote:
           | A business degree makes the candidate over-qualified for
           | managing a mall store is the likely reason. They are afraid
           | of the employee using the position as a stepping stone to a
           | higher paying, higher status job.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | I am under the impression that business/communications
             | bachelors degrees were a signal that the degree holder took
             | the easy way out in school.
             | 
             | It was considered the fallback degree when I went to
             | college 20 years ago, since anyone could graduate with it
             | with minimal effort.
        
         | joecot wrote:
         | I'm a millennial. First we were told that we needed the college
         | degree for a job. Any degree would do. So everyone went and got
         | a college degree, and since so many people had it it wasn't a
         | status symbol anymore, so that wasn't enough to get a good
         | middle class job. And then a bunch of people were told they
         | shouldn't have gotten those degrees and they were worthless.
         | 
         | Then we were told to go into STEM. So lots of people went into
         | STEM even though they didn't want to, there are not enough STEM
         | jobs for all of them, and in some cases the reason there are
         | always jobs available is because they chew everyone up and spit
         | them out (looking at you, Amazon). I got lucky. A lot of folks
         | did not.
         | 
         | Then we were told what we really need is nurses. So folks went
         | to nursing school in droves. I'm not sure where we are with
         | that, because it seems like hospitals still never have enough
         | nurses but that those folks that went to nursing school also
         | didn't manage to improve their situation much.
         | 
         | Now we're told the money and demand is in trades. And that
         | might be true, and that might remain true, but we've been given
         | the wrong advice for so long we just stopped listening.
        
           | yucky wrote:
           | > we've been given the wrong advice for so long we just
           | stopped listening.
           | 
           | Shouldn't we recognize that things change and life can be
           | unpredictable? Rather than being jaded that every adult in
           | our lives didn't have a magical crystal ball, maybe there are
           | more productive things that can be done?
           | 
           | Gen Z & younger Millennials constantly get shit for blaming
           | everyone else for everything always, and taking no
           | responsibility or being accountable for their own
           | actions...but I would argue that comments like the above
           | aren't going to dispel that.
           | 
           | Maybe it reads different than it's intended, but a huge part
           | of being an adult is adapting to an ever changing world and
           | finding a path forward towards your goals.
           | 
           | ( _Edited_ to remove what could be perceived as a bit
           | harsh..)
        
             | joecot wrote:
             | The original premise was that trades are where all the
             | money is, and Gen Z should be listening to that. My point
             | is that we were previously told: the money is in college
             | degrees, the money is in STEM, the money is in nursing. And
             | people invested a lot of time and money in taking that
             | advice and it went nowhere. Then we were called stupid and
             | foolish and entitled for believing that advice.
             | 
             | So why aren't Gen Z taking this magical advice on trades?
             | Because they know older generations don't have a crystal
             | ball, they've seen what happens if they listen to that
             | crystal ball advice, and they're not falling for it. And if
             | you talk to Gen Z, they have very little hope for the
             | future, given we are doing very little to stop climate
             | change, runaway capitalism, and they're watching jobs get
             | automated without any change to the "cost of living"
             | agreement when people are watching jobs disappear.
             | 
             | Boomers don't have to worry about any of that anymore. And
             | there's nothing more tone deaf than Boomers giving advice
             | on a world that no longer exists for younger generations.
        
               | yucky wrote:
               | > The original premise was that trades are where all the
               | money is
               | 
               | Nobody has ever said the "trades are where _all_ the
               | money is ". This premise is flawed already.
               | > My point is that we were previously told: the money is
               | in college degrees, the money is in STEM, the money is in
               | nursing. And people invested a lot of time and money in
               | taking that advice and it went nowhere.
               | 
               | It still is. It sounds like too many people have deluded
               | themselves into thinking college is a public jobs program
               | and if they show up and get a piece of paper they will be
               | the most in demand in those fields. However, that
               | requires an illogical leap _on their part_ to believe
               | that any and every person in a field will be at the top
               | of their field and thus command exorbitant salaries. It
               | defies logic. Plenty of people still make good money in
               | those fields, and still will years from now. But not
               | everyone is entitled to make a ton of money in any fields
               | their heart desires.
               | 
               | Everyone learns the law of supply and demand before
               | adulthood, or if they haven't then they shouldn't be
               | going to college anyway. So if the supply of labor in a
               | field increases beyond the demand, what would we expect
               | to happen?
               | 
               | Also, if you're really good at something people will
               | generally pay you more than they'll pay people who are
               | mediocre. Maybe the problem is younger generations can't
               | wrap their heads around the fact that a lot of people are
               | mediocre. Not everyone is special or a superstar or
               | whatever, so maybe this egalitarian mindset is the issue.
               | 
               | This isn't boomer shit, I'm far too young to be a boomer.
               | It seems like common sense. Is this not common sense?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _everyone learns the law of supply and demand before
               | adulthood, or if they haven 't then they shouldn't be
               | going to college anyway_
               | 
               | People learn it, but I don't think many Americans
               | actually believe it. Exhibit A is housing. Exhibit B is
               | this bandwagoning effect around career choices.
        
               | MrFantastic wrote:
               | What subject teaches Supply and Demand in High School?
               | 
               | I was aware of it but I only remember seeing it taught in
               | Econ 101.
               | 
               | Most majors don't require Econ 101 to my knowledge.
        
               | maxsilver wrote:
               | > Everyone learns the law of supply and demand before
               | adulthood, or if they haven't then they shouldn't be
               | going to college anyway.
               | 
               | Yeah, the problem is that the "law of supply and demand"
               | is a simple metaphor to help children gently begin
               | learning economics, not how anything actually works.
               | Almost no price any real person encounter anywhere in
               | their daily life is actually determined in any meaningful
               | way by "supply" or "demand" -- unless you stretch the
               | definition of those two words so thin they're practically
               | meaningless. They're _potential factors_ , sure, but only
               | small ones.
               | 
               | As one of a bajillion examples, see how every hospital is
               | short staffed (low supply) and desperate for nurses (high
               | demand), while we also see them constantly lay nurses off
               | or reduce hours (and nursing has consistently-fixed low
               | salaries, despite the shortages). Same for CNAs, nursing
               | home staff, etc.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _no price any real person encounter anywhere in their
               | daily life is actually determined in any meaningful way
               | by "supply" or "demand"_
               | 
               | Case in point.
               | 
               | > _how every hospital is short staffed and desperate for
               | nurses (high demand), while we also constantly law nurses
               | off or reduce hours (and nursing has consistently-fixed
               | low salaries, despite the shortages)_
               | 
               | How many paying patients are they turning away on account
               | of this supposed shortage?
               | 
               | There isn't a national nurse shortage. Nurses are being
               | overworked. And in some regions, there _are_ shortages,
               | though that 's out of an inability to pay traveling nurse
               | rates.
        
               | maxsilver wrote:
               | > How many paying patients are they turning away on
               | account of this supposed shortage?
               | 
               | That's not how it works. Generally speaking, any publicly
               | funded hospital in the US _must_ take patients by law,
               | they _can not_ turn away patients except under very
               | specific circumstances.
               | 
               | > There isn't a national nurse shortage
               | 
               | Literally everyone disagrees with you:
               | 
               | - The New York Times -
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/15/us/hospital-nursing-
               | short... - University of St Augustine -
               | https://www.usa.edu/blog/nursing-shortage/ - University
               | of California SF -
               | https://scienceofcaring.ucsf.edu/patient-care/nursing-
               | shorta... - Center for American Progress -
               | https://www.americanprogress.org/about-us/ - McKinsey and
               | Co - https://www.hcinnovationgroup.com/policy-value-
               | based-care/st... - Both the US Democratic Party _and_ US
               | Republican Party - https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-
               | blog/healthcare/347826-bo...
               | 
               | > that's out of an inability to pay traveling nurse
               | rates.
               | 
               | If you pay extra to import a nurse (traveling nurses) you
               | remove them from the area they were previously. That's
               | great, but it's not a fix for a shortage, that's just
               | _relocating_ the shortage somewhere else.
               | 
               | And, if they're short, why aren't they able to pay
               | traveling nurse rates? Medical revenues are at an all
               | time high, prices too. There's no reason a hospital
               | _couldn 't_ pay higher nursing rates, they just choose
               | not to, because again, _that figure is not determined by
               | supply or demand_.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _any publicly funded hospital in the US must take
               | patients by law, they can not turn away patients except
               | under very specific circumstances_
               | 
               | Not all nurses are employed at hospitals. I said paying
               | patient, but I should have said deniable. Someone seeking
               | out the sorts of care hospitals start denying when they
               | face an actual emergency.
               | 
               | > _everyone disagrees with you_
               | 
               | Oh, I've seen the meme. I'm just casting it a bit more
               | cynically. Nobody wants to pay nurses more. So we need
               | more nurses, whether out of nursing school or through
               | immigration.
               | 
               | > _if they 're short, why aren't they able to pay
               | traveling nurse rates_
               | 
               | They did [1]! When they needed them. Because there was
               | demand for them. When there wasn't, they didn't.
               | 
               | > _no reason a hospital couldn 't pay higher nursing
               | rates, they just choose not to, because again, that
               | figure is not determined by supply or demand_
               | 
               | This is how supply and demand work. They're not paying
               | more because they don't have to.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/nursing/the-
               | complexity...
        
               | Avshalom wrote:
               | "Common sense", "laws of supply and demand" imply kids
               | probably shouldn't all rush to go be plumbers because it
               | will decimate the pay and most of them will end up in
               | poorly compensated jobs because on they are, on average,
               | not special.
               | 
               | And wow, look, we're commenting on an article about how
               | kids aren't rushing to go become plumbers so you're here
               | saying what exactly?
               | 
               | Or did you just want to go on about kids-aint-shit and
               | the die landed on joecot this time.
        
               | yucky wrote:
               | > imply kids probably shouldn't all rush to go be
               | plumbers
               | 
               | Correct, every kid shouldn't go be a plumber. Kids who
               | might enjoy being plumbers (or electricians, or HVAC etc)
               | should know that they can earn a good living doing it,
               | they don't need to rack up $60k in student loans to go to
               | an out of state college to get a useless communications
               | degree or whatever.
               | 
               | Makes sense, right?
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | I'm not even sure that all of the advice--with some nuance
             | applied--is even bad today.
             | 
             | STEM is not a great term in general given how broad it is.
             | The pure sciences as a career path for someone with just an
             | undergrad degree have not been that great since I was in
             | school which was a long time ago. Those degrees can be
             | parlayed into other things that are connected to the degree
             | --or not. Pre-med was the historical reason a lot of people
             | majored in biology or chemistry.
             | 
             | Engineering broadly is not a bad degree to have even if you
             | don't ultimately work in the area you majored in; I only
             | did so for about three years.
             | 
             | Nursing was never near the level of doctors in terms of
             | compensation. But it has been pretty much middle class pay
             | at the cost of what, to me, would be difficult working
             | conditions.
             | 
             | If someone's good with sitting in an office and developing
             | some appropriate skills for that, I wouldn't necessarily
             | recommend the trades. But, if someone doesn't like school,
             | book learning, etc. it seems a pretty reasonable option.
             | 
             | And there are degrees of things. Trades also includes
             | working for things like construction engineering firms.
             | Have a friend who didn't go to college but has worked in
             | various roles of this sort. (My one real mechanical
             | engineering job wasn't all that different in many respects
             | at the end of the day.)
        
             | thevardanian wrote:
             | You expect kids to _not_ heed the advice of the adults
             | around them? And when those kids grow up to be adults and
             | realize that the advice they were given was all bullshit to
             | suddenly not see the utter waste of time and energy into
             | worthless goals put before them their entire lives?
             | 
             | What are you talking about?
             | 
             | The main responsibility of adults is to prepare the next
             | generation. Realizing that failure is not being jaded, it's
             | confronting reality about the failures of adults.
        
               | yucky wrote:
               | > And when those kids grow up to be adults and realize
               | that the advice they were given was all bullshit
               | 
               | You think the advice of going to college is "all
               | bullshit"? It's still great advice for many people, is it
               | not? I think the point is that it's certainly not for
               | everyone, and because colleges aren't holding up their
               | end up the bargain there are plenty of other ways to earn
               | a living. Some people aren't cut out for the trades, just
               | like some people aren't cut out for many paths available
               | from college.
               | 
               | The harsh truth is just because you can get a degree in
               | something doesn't mean you'll be any good at it, and
               | ultimately if you're not any good at something why would
               | you expect people to pay you money to do something
               | poorly? So the real question is: at what point should
               | young adults be responsible for recognizing their
               | aptitude and interests enough to make their own career
               | decisions without blaming others? 18? 21? 25? Never?
        
           | jeffrallen wrote:
           | The nurses start families and won't work night shifts
           | anymore.
        
           | dinkumthinkum wrote:
           | Who told you any degree would do? People have lambasted
           | underwater basket waving and things like that forever.
        
           | dionidium wrote:
           | > _First we were told that we needed the college degree for a
           | job. Any degree would do._
           | 
           | Something strange is happening here that I can't quite
           | understand. Jokes about English majors asking if you want
           | fries with that _are way older than me_ and I first started
           | college in 1999. Yes, I heard a persistent low rumbling of
           | "go to college," but the idea that "any degree would do" is
           | alien to me.
           | 
           |  _Of course_ I knew that some majors were more lucrative than
           | others. _Of course_ everybody else around me knew the same.
           | _Of course_ people my age at the time actively engaged in
           | conversations about  "what will you do with this degree when
           | you're done?" _Of course_ people who majored in less
           | practical subjects thought about this (when they weren 't
           | actively trying to put it out of their mind).
           | 
           | A character (played by pre-hairplugs Jeremy Piven) in the
           | movie PCU (released in 1994) ridicules a student for majoring
           | in Sanskrit, saying, "You're majoring in a 5000 year-old dead
           | language?" Everybody in the audience is supposed to get why
           | that's funny.
           | 
           | And yet I keep hearing people say they had no idea that any
           | of this was true. It strains credulity.
           | 
           | Frankly, people have been repeating this line about how they
           | couldn't possibly have known all this for so long that kids
           | in college today weren't even born yet when it started.
           | Eventually people are going to have to admit that they did
           | know (or should have).
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | Yeah I'm 10 years older than you and never had any thought
             | that "any degree will do". Although perhaps I'm old enough
             | to see that this was legitimate thinking in my
             | predecessors. There was a time when just completing college
             | was fairly uncommon and acted as a class signifier. I
             | believe having a degree, any degree, would have made you an
             | officer automatically in the military (and still does?) and
             | would have opened the door to all kinds of business
             | professions.
             | 
             | Now it's just too common for any old degree to matter. I
             | think perhaps for Ivy League this strategy still works.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Having any bachelor's degree is usually a necessary
               | prerequisite to earn a commission as a military officer,
               | but it's not sufficient. There are many enlisted
               | personnel who have degrees but don't become officers,
               | either because they don't want the hassle or don't meet
               | other criteria.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | I think the "any degree will do" mindset stems from the
               | fact that so many, especially in non-technical fields,
               | never really use their degree. Even my wife who has an
               | engineering degree has spent more than two decades
               | working and not a single day in a job that directly
               | relates to her field of study.
               | 
               | Sure, she would have never gotten those jobs with an
               | English degree but stressing over whether to study the
               | exactly "correct" degree for your career goals isn't
               | necessarily worth the calories.
        
             | reidjs wrote:
             | I think they realized they weren't going to make as much
             | money, but I don't think they realized they would be poor.
             | Poor people generally have less privacy, less dignity, and
             | a harder life. So, maybe they are frustrated there weren't
             | enough safeguards to prevent them from making a decision
             | that lead to them becoming poor.
        
               | Xeronate wrote:
               | People didn't realize they would be poor if they were a
               | barista their entire life?
        
             | vsareto wrote:
             | If you had bad grades or your parents thought you didn't
             | have a lot of potential, you probably got the "any degree
             | would do" talk over "go into this hard STEM degree"
        
             | threetonesun wrote:
             | As someone who went to school for English in 2000, I can
             | say that while those jokes existed the context here is
             | misunderstood, they were told by business majors about the
             | liberal arts, or anything academic. Heck in 2000 a CS
             | degree wasn't positioned as that much more valuable than an
             | English degree, and if you looked at the preceding decade
             | you'd see that was statistically true.
             | 
             | The change for the current generation is that for everyone
             | graduating in underwater basketweaving in say 2000, many
             | would find unrelated careers and, because they had a
             | college degree, do fine. With rising college costs and more
             | expectations that workers in high paying fields have
             | specific degrees, that's no longer true.
        
               | throwaway675309 wrote:
               | What? I'm not sure where you pulled this concept of that
               | English vs computer science were in anyway comparable in
               | terms of overall pay even in the early 2000s but you
               | might want to cite your sources.
               | 
               | I went to school in 2001 and computer science was one of
               | the hottest fields around by that time, significantly
               | more so than a BA in English. The Georgia institute of
               | technology (Gatech), my alma mater, had a highly
               | competitive computer science career path.
               | 
               | In fact the general advice was that if you really wanted
               | to major in English that it was better to pursue a degree
               | in an adjacent field such as communications so you could
               | more easily transition into journalism, etc.
               | 
               | STEM (doctors, scientists, engineers, etc.) has almost
               | always been a safer career path than liberal arts,
               | assuming you're cut out for it.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> Yes, I heard a persistent low rumbling of  "go to
             | college," but the idea that "any degree would do" is alien
             | to me._
             | 
             | I certainly knew people in ~2000 who were going to college
             | to study things like psychology, who felt the abstract
             | skills of 'learning to learn', writing, reasoning with a
             | bit of statistics and spreadsheet operation would help them
             | get jobs like marketing, sales, analysts, strategic
             | consulting, HR etc.
             | 
             | I suspect if you got your degree in psychology from
             | Harvard, that might be true - but if your degree is from a
             | mediocre university, probably not.
        
             | Avshalom wrote:
             | >> Jokes about English majors asking if you want fries
             | 
             | Sure but that never stopped anyone from pulling out BLS
             | statistics showing life-time earning potential of an BA in
             | english vs a highschool diploma.
             | 
             | But the point of bringing up "any degree" isn't that any
             | student thought (or any guidance counselor said) that
             | underwater basket weaving and electrical engineering had
             | the same potential it's that we were told to go to college
             | even if we had no idea what we wanted to do with our lives.
             | A degree was the important thing even if it was in
             | something that we didn't want, even if we didn't want a
             | degree at all.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | On an adjacent note, I'm really tired of the "underwater
               | basket weaving" short hand being used. There's either a
               | real degree you think is useless (which the above thread
               | notes doesn't look nearly so useless by statistics) or
               | there's not.
               | 
               | There's a fairly long history of people inventing what
               | they think is taught at colleges as a straw man to then
               | criticize them in some way and it doesn't contribute to
               | anything for the usual reasons a fallacy doesn't.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | Same. Early '90s. Nobody was telling us "any degree will
             | do". They were saying "You should go to college, _and if
             | you do_ , major in computer science, engineering, pre-med,
             | biotech, (sometimes) business, and so on." I remember that
             | as a pretty consistent message during high school career
             | guidance talks and through freshman and sophomore years in
             | college.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | I'm a bit older, but my whole life teachers pounded into
               | our heads "go to college" and get any degree. My dad was
               | denied a management position purely because he had no
               | degree (any degree at all would have been enough and he
               | would have got it), so what they said wasn't necessarily
               | wrong, but it was reckless and has led to a lot of
               | hindered lives. I was sorely disappointed when I
               | graduated with my marketing degree and it didn't matter
               | to anybody. I went back and got a CS degree, so I'm ok
               | now, but I did miss the first few years of my kids' lives
               | working full time to support them and also doing a CS
               | degree in evenings and weekends for 4 years. It would
               | have been much better to have just done the CS degree. I
               | am a little bitter.
        
           | welshwelsh wrote:
           | >since so many people had it it wasn't a status symbol
           | anymore, so that wasn't enough to get a good middle class job
           | 
           | This makes it sound like a degree is worth less today than it
           | was in the past, which is not true. The income and wealth gap
           | between college degree holders and non-degree holders is
           | higher than at any point in history, and it grows bigger very
           | year.
           | 
           | Most degrees have an unemployment rate of about 5-6%. That's
           | not bad, but it does mean that there are over 2 million
           | college-educated Americans who got degrees and can't find
           | jobs. This minority is much more visible today; they get lots
           | of press coverage and talk about their struggles through
           | social media. This makes it _seem_ like things are getting
           | worse, just like how people tend to think that crime is
           | getting worse, but the reality is things are getting better
           | and college becomes a better deal every year.
           | 
           | >Then we were told what we really need is nurses. So folks
           | went to nursing school in droves.
           | 
           | And generally this paid off, since nurses are in demand and
           | make well above the median salary.
           | 
           | >Then we were told to go into STEM.
           | 
           | Which is decent advice, with a caveat. Most people with STEM
           | degrees could easily pivot into something highly profitable
           | like software development. What people weren't told is that
           | it's difficult to land a profitable role doing research/pure
           | science, especially if you don't have a PhD.
           | 
           | >And then a bunch of people were told they shouldn't have
           | gotten those degrees and they were worthless.
           | 
           | Which is mostly incorrect. Even folks majoring in stuff often
           | touted as "worthless" like art history or gender studies
           | still tend to do better than people without degrees. The
           | catch is that you might end up working a business analyst or
           | a project manager instead of an Egyptologist or whatever you
           | actually majored in. The biggest offender here is Psychology:
           | many new graduates are shocked to discover that no, you
           | cannot actually become a psychologist with just a Bachelor's
           | degree in Psychology, nor are there profitable research
           | opportunities at that level. A psychology degree still looks
           | great on a resume if you're applying to be an HR
           | representative or something, though.
        
             | cutenewt wrote:
             | It wouldn't surprise me if the gap begins to reverse.
             | 
             | The earlier comment about competent plumbers making more
             | than doctors in Slovenia; I can believe that.
             | 
             | It's the white collar compensation inversion.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | > it's difficult to land a profitable role doing
             | research/pure science, especially if you don't have a PhD
             | 
             | Honestly I'd modify this to say that unless your Ph. D is
             | in physics, mathematics (and you're willing to go into
             | finance) or data science... you're not going to be that
             | much better off.
             | 
             | And the time you spend out of industry you'll never make
             | back. Take a CS degree, go work for any of the big ones and
             | get "senior" next to your name as soon as possible.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | I guess being a poor kid who went to college in the 90s and
         | chose his major before he had the internet had its perks.
         | 
         | I never considered studying the things that actually interested
         | me because I knew they were going to end up in dead end
         | careers, and I didn't want to be broke my entire life. It's the
         | same reason I didn't go to the top schools that accepted me.
         | Hell, I didn't even go to the top schools that offered me
         | scholarships because I was afraid of the cost. It's also why I
         | ignore the pleas of people who came from substantially better
         | backgrounds during the internet era and claim that they
         | couldn't have known better and deserve debt forgiveness.
         | 
         | They SHOULD have known better. They had every resource to know
         | better.
        
           | Avshalom wrote:
           | I think you (and sibling mfer) are commenting on "any degree"
           | instead of my point that "maybe people don't go into the
           | trades because they spend ~18 emotionally formative years of
           | their lives being told to go to college" vs the idea "maybe
           | people don't go into the trades due to wages offered" (which,
           | mind you, I don't mean to discount).
        
             | MisterBastahrd wrote:
             | The wages are going to have to necessarily increase,
             | though. Look at how home prices are increasing. Homeowner
             | insurance rates increase respectively, and deductibles
             | increase as well. Intelligent tradesmen are going to keep
             | track of this and price their services accordingly,
             | especially when it comes to maintenance contracts.
             | 
             | I also think there's a stigma associated with the trades
             | which doesn't necessarily permeate mixed middle class
             | neighborhoods. I grew up in a situation where the majority
             | of adults in my hometown did not have college degrees.
             | Thus, college degrees became things to aspire to instead of
             | things we MUST have. Plenty of my classmates then, and
             | plenty of kids graduating now, are not going to college.
             | For some, they've been told by their folks that they can
             | stay at home and save up their money for the 4 years after
             | getting out of trade school to put a down payment towards a
             | house. Granted, the culture I'm from doesn't negatively
             | view 20-something men hanging out on a porch with beers
             | after dark. Cheaper than the bars, after all.
        
       | sngz wrote:
       | > "We have to recruit people to do these things or else our
       | bridges are going to fall apart," Iversen said.
       | 
       | already happening and has not much to do with labor shortage.
        
       | jaredandrews wrote:
       | Any former software developers here who transitioned to
       | plumbing/electrician/etc? If so, what did the steps look like?
        
         | convolvatron wrote:
         | welder. learn to weld. take a community college class to get
         | certified. somewhere in there get a job at an abusive shop
         | making $30 migging tube fences and grinding all day. try to
         | find any lifeline to a higher paying less brutal work
         | environment hopefully without assholes constantly doing hinky
         | shit for a laugh
        
           | 1970-01-01 wrote:
           | Yes, at least do it once. Classes are very cheap! $500 for
           | about 30h with a welding instructor pays for itself in fun
           | alone.
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | Isn't welding especially nasty? You're essentially breathing
           | toxic gases and dust all day long.
        
       | Mikeb85 wrote:
       | Trades pay shit. I have friends that are electricians and they
       | made more a decade ago than the current journeyman rate.
       | Nevermind inflation, we're talking only nominal pay.
        
         | akgoel wrote:
         | I'm in Houston. A "manual" machinist (non-CNC) working in my
         | factory in 1980 could make $25 per hour. In 2020, I was still
         | paying the same machinist $25 an hour nominally, except now he
         | operates a CNC machinist and is vastly more productive.
         | However, his productivity gains have been competed away both
         | domestically and by oversees manufacturing, and via boom and
         | bust cycles in the oil patch that reset wages.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | My plumber and electrician bill the same rate that I do.
        
           | Mikeb85 wrote:
           | Yes, the way to make money is to own a business.
           | 
           | Doesn't change the fact that the pay rates haven't changed in
           | 15 years for those who are getting into the career and will
           | have to work for others to learn.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | My dad is a licensed electrician and sewage treatment plant
         | operator. I made more money than he did by the age of 19 with a
         | semester of community college under by belt. He owns a 1/4
         | share in a business and I'm far from working in a FAANG
         | (meaning, he's near the top of his game and I'm close to middle
         | of mine).
         | 
         | In 2009-10, he had no work. I don't think people realize how
         | hard recessions hit trades. You don't become "unemployed." You
         | have to go to work then stand around half the day not getting
         | paid until enough people stop showing up that there's enough
         | work. All of my friends working in trades from when I was
         | younger switched careers in the Great Recession (the military
         | was a decent option, since they'd fast-track skilled people to
         | E-5).
         | 
         | This is the real reason why millennials are under-represented
         | in the trades. The media prefers to just call us lazy.
        
       | __derek__ wrote:
       | That "Handshake" platform went from 10 applications per role in
       | 2020 to 5 applications per role in 2022, but _the number of roles
       | increased_. Based on the stats provided, this article just seems
       | like another lamentation that labor has made gains.
       | 
       | It's also not clear that this platform is representative of the
       | market. I've never heard of it before, but it bills itself as
       | "The #1 way college students get hired" which seems questionable.
        
       | rednerrus wrote:
       | It is disheartening to see a recurring theme of individuals
       | expressing frustration over their inability to afford a home or
       | advance in society, yet also expressing reluctance to engage in
       | activities that could potentially bring financial stability. Our
       | predecessors sacrificed their physical well-being in order to
       | construct and maintain the infrastructure and amenities that we
       | now benefit from. In order to maintain a functioning society, it
       | is necessary for individuals to contribute their skills and labor
       | to the greater good. Whether it be through manual labor or desk
       | work, every individual is essentially selling their time, effort,
       | and health to their employer. While it may not be the most
       | desirable circumstance, it is a necessary component of societal
       | functioning.
        
         | incone123 wrote:
         | "every individual" ha ha hah ha
        
         | beyond_based wrote:
         | I'm going to be deadass with you brother. We don't have a
         | functioning society, we have an immigration labor camp.
        
           | rednerrus wrote:
           | I'm interested in what types of media you consume that's
           | helped to shape your worldview. The idea that living in an
           | industrialized nation in 2023 isn't living in a functional
           | society, seems very foreign to me. Which nation and which
           | time period would you choose to live in over an
           | industrialized nation in 2023?
        
         | gradys wrote:
         | People not wanting to work is not the main reason we're seeing
         | more people find housing unaffordable. It's the extreme rise in
         | price of housing relative to income.
         | 
         | I make dramatically more than my parents did when they were
         | buying their first house around my age, but as a fraction of my
         | income and savings, housing costs vastly more.
         | 
         | (It's also not clear that the skilled trades jobs Gen Z
         | apparently doesn't want actually pay more than the
         | alternatives. See other comments on this post.)
        
       | Euphorbium wrote:
       | What America needs is to serve 20 people at the top. How many
       | plubers or carpenters do they need? Probably 1. Everyone else
       | better be dancing monkeys on tiktok.
        
       | digianarchist wrote:
       | I remember back when I was 17 back in 2004 I applied for an
       | apprenticeship to work at Jaguar-Land Rover as an Electrical
       | Engineering Technician. I turned up to the interview to be told
       | that there were 2 welding apprenticeships left and those would be
       | filled from the 150+ candidates that turned up.
       | 
       | Without an apprenticeship you couldn't study a trade at college.
       | You couldn't get an apprenticeship unless you knew someone that
       | worked at the company or were highly qualified; enough to get
       | into university. That's what I ended up doing. Studying CS.
       | 
       | Even if you were lucky enough to get one, they could legally pay
       | you far less than the National Min Wage which wasn't enough to
       | live for most people and is still the case today [0].
       | 
       | [0] - https://www.acas.org.uk/national-minimum-wage-entitlement
        
         | j-krieger wrote:
         | The latter is the exact problem in Germany as well. You work
         | full time in your apprenticeship, sometimes earning less than
         | 700EUR a month.
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | The process operator positions at the local refineries back
         | home are all filled through nepotism. You either had to know
         | someone or your father had to be an operator in order to even
         | get an interview: hundreds of people would show up for the exam
         | and the ones who actually got positions were not the brightest
         | people showing up. They just happened to have dads and uncles
         | who worked there.
         | 
         | The fun thing is that my dad got the job at the plant he worked
         | for because of my grandfather and older brother. During a tech
         | downturn, I applied for a few of these jobs. My dad refused to
         | vouch for me, claiming that he didn't want to continue the
         | cycle of nepotism. Sure didn't hate to earn huge bonuses from
         | that cycle, though.
        
       | polskibus wrote:
       | People now read that not only do the software engineers earn a
       | lot but they also get to work remotely. This is most likely what
       | influenced the change in 2020-2022 years - everyone else is
       | jealous and would prefer a job that allows for remote work.
        
       | tpmx wrote:
       | I do remote software work from a very picturesque but somewhat
       | remote coastal village in Sweden that has been largely left
       | behind by urbanisation.
       | 
       | My impression is that there's no reluctance to go into these
       | lines of work for young local people here. I imagine it would be
       | the same in the US.
       | 
       | In the cities where there are more office work opportunities for
       | young people, even without any qualifications to speak of: it
       | seems like there are a lot of people from eastern Europe working
       | in these fields.
        
         | sct202 wrote:
         | It is the same in the US, but there aren't always opportunities
         | to learn the trades everywhere. I was friends with a welder who
         | learned welding from the garage of an old dude who ran it as an
         | informal school in her town. If she was few towns over, she
         | might have missed out on that career option.
         | 
         | Even in this thread there are people contemplating switching to
         | trades and asking how to even start.
        
           | tpmx wrote:
           | Taking on an unknown, quite likely flakey person could be the
           | death knell for a small company in these fields. You vouched
           | for this person and it worked.
           | 
           | The often attempted solution in Europe is commonly funded
           | training in these fields. Germany does it the best, I think
           | with a very formalized education/trainee system. Not sure
           | how/if they deal with older people who need a new job.
        
         | dieselgate wrote:
         | From my impression and exposure to construction it seems the
         | wood construction techniques are different in Europe (to speak
         | broadly) than in the US. Without getting into details it seems
         | European (and also Aussie) carpenters (and "tradies" to also
         | speak broadly) are paid more than their US counterparts. Have
         | also heard a lot of the "best" carpenters and builders in the
         | States are from Europe - this may be slightly outdated info (a
         | few decades) - I had thought this being due to the more "timber
         | frame" -type construction styles in Europe.
        
       | waynesonfire wrote:
       | > Justin Mwandjalulu, 20,earns nearly $24 an hour as a carpentry
       | apprentice in Iowa.
       | 
       | .. and folks, the mystery of dropping application rates has been
       | solved.
        
       | tsss wrote:
       | In contrast to most people here, I have actually worked outside
       | of an office chair, for a short period of time, in a factory and
       | also do woodworking as a hobby. The reason fewer people want to
       | learn the trades is because it sucks. It's usually too hot or too
       | cold, dirty (not just oil, I'm talking about spiders and bugs,
       | nasty customer's homes and so on), loud and dusty, it's hard on
       | your body (try standing for 8h straight without moving or holding
       | a vibrating tool for hours), it's less intellectually stimulating
       | than STEM office jobs and the low barrier of entry, combined with
       | a much lower margin than software makes for low wages.
       | 
       | I'm happy with my home office programming jobs, even though it is
       | pointless and unfulfilling.
       | 
       | The US and European economies are increasingly becoming service
       | economies and the middle class is eroded. People nowadays are too
       | poor to pay for skilled domestic labor, only cheaply produced
       | trinkets from overseas are still affordable. I think the only
       | time, if ever, that production and building will become popular
       | again is when China will finally cut us off und people realize
       | that you can't eat software, metaphorically speaking.
        
       | trynewideas wrote:
       | The article, maybe unintentionally, frames this in an interesting
       | way by starting with a first-generation 20-year-old immigrant.
       | 
       | In the US, you're in "Gen Z" whether you're a 20-year-old first-
       | generation immigrant, like the carpenter in the lede, or a
       | 20-year-old 10th-generation American.
       | 
       | But immigration's changed dramatically over the last 20 years.
       | Before the pandemic, the number of immigrants has increased, but
       | the age, class, and education levels of those immigrants have
       | also. Asia overtook Hispanic regions as a source of immigrants in
       | 2009; more than half of 2018 immigrants from Asia had a
       | bachelor's degree or better, compared to more than half of 2018
       | immigrants from Mexico not completing high school. The proportion
       | of undocumented immigrants has also dropped, while non-criminal
       | deportations have increased.[1]
       | 
       | This largely translated to a relative decline of younger, less-
       | educated, poorer immigrants for whom the trades are the most
       | accessible means of financial security, and a shift toward most
       | total US immigrants (51%) having already lived in the US for more
       | than 20 years. There's also a much larger proportion of recent
       | immigrants age 25+ with at least a bachelor's degree (more than
       | 45% from 2014-2019, vs. less than 35% for both US- and foreign-
       | born immigrants prior to 2014). And when counting both immigrants
       | and their children -- whether immigrants or US-born -- the
       | population _dropped_ by nearly 1 million between 2020 and
       | 2021.[2]
       | 
       | Which leads to the pandemic: net immigration, across the board,
       | cratered so hard in 2020 and 2021 that there were fewer _total_
       | foreign-born immigrants in 2021 than there were immigrant visas
       | -- not work visas, not student visas, but just permanent resident
       | visas -- in 2016.[3]
       | 
       | The easy framing is to pin it on "Gen Z", but the missing context
       | that the lede just hints at changes the story dramatically.
       | 
       | 1: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/08/20/key-
       | finding...
       | 
       | 2: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-
       | requested...
       | 
       | 3: https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/12/net-
       | internati...
        
       | aliqot wrote:
       | An uncomfortable truth is that you can have open borders or high
       | unskilled labor wages, but seldom both.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | You need open borders to have a labor market at all. Analysis
         | suggest that the labor shortages today are really from the
         | pandemic reducing immigration these past few years, affecting
         | the entire job market from the ground up.
        
         | sojournerc wrote:
         | 1) Carpenters and Plumbers (electricians, mechanics, etc) are
         | _not_ unskilled. There's a reason these trades have
         | apprenticeships - there's _a lot_ to know and learn before
         | you're capable on your own.
         | 
         | 2) A path for immigrants to legally work in those fields would
         | likely push down wages, but it would also reduce the cost of
         | those services! Housing could become cheaper, so could the
         | ongoing cost of owning a home. That could potentially reach a
         | nice equilibrium.
        
           | jterrys wrote:
           | Hello, child of construction worker here!
           | 
           | >Carpenters and Plumbers (electricians, mechanics, etc) are
           | _not_ unskilled
           | 
           | Is a load of shit. At least in the USA, you can have one
           | person (typically business owner) get licensed in the trade
           | and then lease out that license for his unskilled immigrant
           | labor force. He can run his own business and his
           | "apprentices" are taught enough to do the work. This is the
           | vast majority of construction. You got union projects which
           | are a whole different ball game but union jobs do not
           | represent the vast majority of construction in the USA.
           | 
           | >A path for immigrants to legally work in those fields would
           | likely push down wages, but it would also reduce the cost of
           | those services!
           | 
           | It doesn't reduce the cost of shit because real estate is a
           | racket. It's not a free market economy driven by community
           | college level econ courses. In any metropolitan downtown area
           | that you visit most of the buildings are owned by a handful
           | of firms. Real estate properties are increasingly managed by
           | (you guessed it) management firms that are part of publicly
           | traded corporations (REITs). These guys extend way beyond any
           | downtown area and are the majority of rented out properties
           | in cities and adjacent suburbs.
           | 
           | Construction is a ghetto that is flooded by illegal immigrant
           | workers. Business owners are complicit in the practice of
           | hiring said workers to squeeze out margins. As long as
           | liability can be passed down to _someone_ holding some kind
           | of license, that 's all that matters.
           | 
           | If you actually want to enter a successful trade in
           | construction become an elevator engineer. You are 100% union
           | and obscure and niche enough with significant safety risks
           | that nobody is able to undercut you because there's a LOT of
           | regulation in place to make sure people don't get stuck and
           | die in elevators.
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | A lot of this is due to the ancient nature of construction. Allow
       | experimentation with new materials. Allow robots, prefabs etc. I
       | m sure genz would love to program your 3d home printer or
       | assemble your ikea home.
       | 
       | They are not lazy, but forward thinking. Who wants to become a
       | plumber when that job may be automated in 10 years
        
         | garciansmith wrote:
         | Plumbing strikes me as one of the very last manual jobs that
         | will be automated, if ever. Every plumbing issue, even the most
         | basic, is different due to the fittings and hardware being
         | used.
         | 
         | For example, I've been putting off hiring a plumber to replace
         | the old drum trap behind my bathtub with a p-trap. I can't even
         | fathom how a robot would go about doing such a thing when a
         | plumber needs to sit there and think about how to do this: open
         | access, judge where the pipes are going (without even seeing
         | some of them), the amount of space, whether they'll need more
         | space and cut in from the ceiling below, etc.
        
           | tpmx wrote:
           | Because our current houses and fittings are largely ancient,
           | non-standard and ad-hoc.
        
           | maherbeg wrote:
           | I think there's the additional question of "how often should
           | we just replace a building"? I've unfortunately made the
           | realization after remodeling our 60 year old house that we
           | should have just torn the house down.
        
             | renox wrote:
             | That depends on the construction material used for the
             | house..
        
           | dsfyu404ed wrote:
           | The result of tech in construction so far seems to point to a
           | future where there's gonna be a few high skill people
           | supervising a lot of people who passed a drug test and did
           | 8hr of training/on-boarding.
           | 
           | Things are already steadily marching this way this way. Drop
           | $5k on tools and the dumbest rock in the pile can assemble
           | propress or pex fittings leak free every damn time. The
           | capital investment that the business owner makes pays for
           | itself in short order by taking cheaper labor as an input and
           | getting results you didn't used to be able to get with that
           | input. In the electrical world they are always coming out
           | with new fancy connectors and fixtures that you literally
           | can't screw up no matter how dumb you are. Internet comment
           | sections of non-electricians love these, electricians don't
           | like them as much because they often trade off flexibility
           | requiring more parts kept in stock though sometimes they make
           | up for it in speed of install.
        
         | frou_dh wrote:
         | 4D chess in lieu of 3D printing opportunities?
        
       | anonreeeeplor wrote:
       | I would love some of the journalists who write these article to
       | volunteer to take these jobs by quitting and becoming plumbers.
       | 
       | Why don't they do it? Because sitting in a nice cozy chair and
       | having opinions backed by nothing is much higher social status.
       | 
       | It's like this constant gas lighting from elite sources:
       | 
       | "Hey can't buy a house? How about being knee deep in toilets all
       | day and having zero respect in society."
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | It's even worse.. they way they cast it, it's Gen Z that has
         | failed to "catch on."
         | 
         | The government and our society has completely failed to
         | "incentivize it" even as it was obviously necessary to do so.
         | 
         | Yet, "try telling that to Gen Z." Pfft.. "try telling that to
         | Congress."
        
       | bruceb wrote:
       | I look forward to NPR producers and reporters pushing their own
       | children in to this field.
        
         | Eumenes wrote:
         | They're too busy studying underwater basket weaving at Vassar,
         | Wesleyan, Sarah Lawrence, etc.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | I might be misunderstanding what you're saying but are you
         | implying that journalists are somehow responsible for fixing
         | the issues they report on?
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | I don't think they're saying journalists are any more
           | responsible for it than anyone else. It's more like a "do as
           | I say, not as I do" situation.
           | 
           | As in "I'm not going to guide _my_ children towards the
           | trades, but you definitely should. "
        
           | burkaman wrote:
           | I think they are imagining a world where journalism is as
           | well-paid and comfortable as the tech industry, and therefore
           | it's somehow hypocritical for journalists to cover less
           | comfortable industries. I don't really think it's worth
           | responding to to be honest.
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | that does not follow from the parent comment. it's more of
           | "they are making the problem worse" by (presumably) sending
           | their kids to liberal arts or theoretical studies
        
       | fleddr wrote:
       | If I had to do it all over again, I'd be a plumber.
       | 
       | You're not stationary, you're on the move and your day has
       | variety. You spend a lot of time in the physical world and meet
       | lots of people. Your work might at times be smelly but is
       | rewarding in a very direct way. You helped solve a tangible
       | problem and your customers are grateful for it. The range of
       | problems to solve is large, and if you widen your skills, you can
       | grow into a generic handyman that can fix almost anything. Pay
       | should be decent enough and by mid career you might even take a
       | plunge at freelancing.
       | 
       | Where I live, the expensive cars are driven by the skilled
       | trades, not by office clerks. But money isn't my main point, it's
       | physical and mental health, clear purpose, impactful and
       | rewarding work.
       | 
       | Bonus: AI isn't coming for you anytime soon.
       | 
       | Extra bonus: no office politics.
       | 
       | Frankly, it's exactly what Gen Z needs. They're all so cynical
       | and divorced from the physical world and real people. Should they
       | go into an office job, nearly 100% of their life would be
       | digital, perpetuating and accelerating their issues.
       | 
       | Digital sucks. It has no soul. Chose wisely.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ebiester wrote:
         | Fancy cars also have a function of status. I don't need to
         | prove my status, so I drive an inexpensive car.
         | 
         | That said, my friends in the trades are regretting their
         | choices as they age and their physical ailments add up. I think
         | it's a solid option for the first 15-25 years as long as you
         | have an exit plan as your body ages.
         | 
         | (Note: I want to speak that this is perceived status and this
         | has side effects. That I don't prove my status through a car or
         | that there is a perceived need of those in the skilled trades
         | to do so does not make a value judgement.)
        
         | tw98521358 wrote:
         | Yeah but could your body handle 30+ years as a plumber? It's
         | hard physically work, shit hours and uncompensated commutes.
         | You are literally covered in poop some days and working in the
         | wet/cold others. It's only a good gig once you own your own
         | firm
        
           | fleddr wrote:
           | There's huge differences in the individual trades and what it
           | means for your body.
           | 
           | The vast majority of my friends are in the trades (I'm the
           | outlier with an office job) and over the course of 20 years,
           | many things have improved. Better tools, machines to do the
           | very hard parts, etc. Some trades aren't super physically
           | taxing, whilst other are, like plasterers.
           | 
           | So the comparison is complicated, and you'll also have to
           | take into account the physical and mental wear of an office
           | job.
        
         | slillibri wrote:
         | Sure, but the downside is sometimes having to literally deal
         | with other people's shit.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | From experience doing other smelly jobs, if you shove a bunch
           | of vicks vapor rub all over your nostrils and wear a mask you
           | are immune.
        
       | potta_coffee wrote:
       | Trades are brutal on the body and don't pay very well. Few people
       | with viable alternatives would choose such work.
        
       | tamaharbor wrote:
       | A high school friend became a plumber for the City of New York.
       | Retired at 45 with 1-1/2x pension. I believe it's about $150k a
       | year.
        
       | lemoncookiechip wrote:
       | It's almost as if people are less willing to work jobs that
       | actively harm their long-term physical health (back-breaking
       | jobs) or those harmful for their mental health (generally ones
       | face to face with customers, customer support or high stress
       | jobs), for a relatively small wage to said job's demands and
       | lasting effects.
        
         | Eumenes wrote:
         | Staring at a computer screen all day, interacting with people
         | exclusively on video chat is good for mental and physical
         | health? Plumbers and carpenters can earn a high wage, with no
         | college debt, and often get a union job. Some of my best
         | friends from high school went into the trades, and owned a nice
         | home before most of our high school class was graduating from
         | college.
        
           | moe091 wrote:
           | If it's such a good deal they should have no problem finding
           | plenty of employees for those jobs. If Gen Z is opposed to
           | those kind of working conditions for some reason, then it's
           | just a matter of supply and demand - like how trash
           | collectors get paid a lot for a relatively low-skilled labor
           | job, because not many people want to deal with trash all day.
           | Whether we share the same aversion Gen Z does for certain
           | types of jobs is irrelevant, nobody gets to be the arbiter of
           | what peoples preferences are
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | Trash collecting is a much more a cushy job in most cities
             | these days. In mine they don't ever leave the truck. One
             | guy drives, the other operates the hydraulic arm. If a
             | piece of trash isn't in the bin or the bin is not grababble
             | by the arm, they just drive away. A different team handles
             | bulky items that are to be called in by the resident.
             | Benefits include an actual pension.
        
         | altairprime wrote:
         | > _for a relatively small wage_
         | 
         | This was found specifically to be the case for American men in
         | a Boston Fed study last month: as the wage paid for trade-skill
         | jobs shrinks over time _relative to_ the wages paid to school-
         | degree jobs, men increasingly refuse to work trade-skill jobs.
         | 
         | > _The evidence from this study shows that the widening
         | earnings gap between highly and less skilled workers over the
         | last four decades is closely connected with the decreasing
         | labor supply of prime-age men_
         | 
         | > _The decline in relative earnings is associated with a 0.49
         | percentage point increase in the exit rate, accounting for 44
         | percent of the total growth in the exit rate among non-college
         | men over the 1980-2019 period._
         | 
         | https://www.bostonfed.org/publications/research-department-w...
         | 
         | Caveats. There are almost certainly further coincident reasons
         | for the decrease in "blue collar" trade-skills workforce, both
         | for men and for all genders; this particularly study should not
         | be considered an exclusive factor, merely a relevant one.
         | Please consider the constraints documented at that link before
         | overextrapolating; for example, "non-Hispanic" which rules out
         | biological causes, and so on.
        
         | modoc wrote:
         | Where are you finding small wage plumbers or carpenters? All
         | the trades here (plumbing, electrical, HVAC, carpentry (perhaps
         | more on the finish side vs framing though) are extremely
         | expensive, with hourly rates between $80-$150/hour. (source -
         | did a lot of renovations on my house, and my BIL is an
         | electrician).
        
           | berkle4455 wrote:
           | Wages of an employee versus hourly labor rates a customer
           | pays are vastly different things.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | The laborer isn't seeing 100% of that bill.
        
           | nibbleshifter wrote:
           | Lol, the tradesman isn't taking that home.
           | 
           | Neither is the apprentice that probably is doing half the
           | work.
        
             | peruvian wrote:
             | It's insane how uninformed all the "tell your kids to get
             | into the trades!" techies are.
        
           | orwin wrote:
           | I mean, carpentry is really cheap here and not at all
           | comparable to the other trades, and i know it's worse in the
           | US.
        
           | Adraghast wrote:
           | The median annual wage for electricians was $60,040 in May
           | 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers
           | in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned
           | less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $37,020, and the
           | highest 10 percent earned more than $99,800.
        
             | newaccount2021 wrote:
             | [dead]
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | And how many billable hours there are on average in a month?
           | Does the rate include tools or some of the materials?
        
       | gedy wrote:
       | Everything would be fine in these industries if rent and homes
       | were cheaper.
       | 
       | Instead people think they have to make top dollar just to survive
       | and avoid lots of otherwise fulfilling jobs.
        
         | dieselgate wrote:
         | Yeah it's weird right, how can we make homes and rent cheaper
         | without more supply of homes?
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | i think that , if land and materials were cheap, genz or genX
           | or any gen would learn to build their own homes. We ve
           | actually been doing that for thousands of years
        
             | nibbleshifter wrote:
             | Its not just a land/materials problem, its a zoning/permits
             | issue in many places.
        
             | gedy wrote:
             | Agreed, the amount of free info available on building a
             | safe, efficient home is great, as well as easy access to
             | modern materials.
        
             | dieselgate wrote:
             | yeah it's not that technically difficult to build a home,
             | all things considered. there are a lot of other things
             | involved for sure
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | We build houses differently now than years ago. 100 years
             | ago, sure, you can totally make your own house because that
             | used balloon framing. Today, with all the safety features
             | built into a modern house, its a lot harder to take a few
             | unskilled people and raise something up without it being a
             | fire hazard.
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | If you have speculators (foreign/corporate) buying all the
           | new supply then does that really help in the long run? We
           | have more vacant homes than we have homeless, for example.
           | 
           | What would help is restricting foreign speculation and
           | appropriately taxing corporate ownership of homes. A good
           | example is what's going on in Canada [1] & Vancouver [2].
           | 
           | It's not like other countries haven't made meaningful
           | attempts to address their population from buying homes. It's
           | just that the US doesn't want to do it because the elite who
           | own & constitute the political spectrum think it's bad for
           | their bottom line and don't care if it's destabilizing the
           | rest of society.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/01/business/canada-bans-home-
           | pur...
           | 
           | [2] https://vancouver.ca/home-property-development/empty-
           | homes-t...
        
             | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
             | What if we convince them (and I think this is true) that
             | this will make the stock market go up? A lot of real estate
             | in "developed" countries is bought up due to capital flight
             | to relative stability. If that weren't an option, the money
             | would go into U.S. equities instead.
        
           | runesofdoom wrote:
           | Stop treating them as sources if profit for investors?
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | They only are a source of profit because they are made
             | artificially scarce through restrictive zoning.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | adamsmith143 wrote:
       | Well for all the broohaha from the "YOU DONT NEED COLLEGE" folks
       | the reality is still that trades are very underpaid unless you
       | run your own business and your body will break down doing
       | physical labor for 8+ hours a day.
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | In e.g. Scandinavia:
         | 
         | The salary difference between say a software dev and a trade
         | worker is pretty small (perhaps 30% less after taxes).
         | 
         | The body breaking down aspect is still an issue. Younger people
         | in these fields seem a lot more aware though - they're
         | practically health freaks compared to your stereotypical 50-ish
         | somewhat round trade worker with back pain issues.
         | 
         | I guess we'll have to wait and see how that generation fares
         | with 4.5 decades of phyical work. Japan is probabably the place
         | look at for research.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | 30% is few hundred to thousand euros. That is not actually
           | trivial change in income. Specially considering what you have
           | leftover paying for housing, transport and food.
        
           | Ancalagon wrote:
           | 30% is the difference between $100k and $70k.
           | 
           | That's a lot of money...
        
             | adamsmith143 wrote:
             | Well relatively speaking your lifestyle isn't likely going
             | to change dramatically between those two incomes. In the US
             | the difference is several hundred percent.
        
               | nibbleshifter wrote:
               | The difference in lifestyle between those two incomes is
               | pretty decent.
        
               | tpmx wrote:
               | Do you think everyone should be paid the same
               | irregardless of the value of their labor/output?
        
               | tw98521358 wrote:
               | It's basically double discretionary spending
        
             | tpmx wrote:
             | Again, it's 30%. It's a _very_ small difference compared to
             | e.g. the US norm. I actually think it 's too small, but
             | perhaps that's just me.
        
       | Ancalagon wrote:
       | Same labor shortage as everywhere that the government likes to
       | pretend doesn't exist. 10 million working-age men can't or won't
       | work. Of the ones willing to work, almost none want to spend
       | their time learning skills for back-breaking, barely-middle class
       | skills jobs which they'll be forced to retire from at 55 because
       | their knees give out.
       | 
       | Same answer for the shortage as everywhere that the economists
       | don't want to hear: pay more, allow more immigration, get better
       | benefits especially for parents.
       | 
       | Edit: also in this case universal healthcare, universal mandatory
       | PTO, would also extremely help
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | > universal healthcare, universal mandatory PTO
         | 
         | I'm all in favor, but that exists elsewhere, and there's a
         | labor shortage too.
        
         | bruceb wrote:
         | Pay more yet also increase the supply of labor which drives
         | down wages.
         | 
         | Seems not the answer.
        
           | onion2k wrote:
           | Sometimes Econ101 supply and demand theory isn't nuanced
           | enough. Wages can go up at the same time as the supply
           | increases if the amount of money in the system also
           | increases. How do you think software engineer wages rocketed
           | up over the past 20 years?
        
             | bruceb wrote:
             | Apples and oranges. One assumes there is a relatively fixed
             | supply of plumbing problems. Software in the last 30+ years
             | has created new industries which require more software
             | people.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | House sizes have doubled over the last 50 years. I would
               | not assume a fixed supply of plumbing problems.
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | > One assumes there is a relatively fixed supply of
               | plumbing problems.
               | 
               | The volume of plumbing problems is going to increase at
               | least linearly with the housing supply, which
               | (theoretically) increases more-or-less linearly with
               | population. Plus, people move around, so there will be
               | concentrations of problems, and those concentrations will
               | move with the population.
               | 
               | That doesn't account for how technology and building
               | codes and material changes have made previously simple
               | plumbing problems more complex over time.
        
             | stcroixx wrote:
             | Outside of FAANG outliers and SV, have software engineer
             | wages really rocketed up? I've worked outside the FAANG
             | world at companies of various sizes and industries for 25
             | years and haven't seen it. If anything, I'd say wage growth
             | has been kept artificially low by H1B competition from
             | folks born in low cost of living countries under threat of
             | deportation if they object to the abuse they receive. The
             | average corporate IT dept. looks more like a sweatshop now
             | than it did 20 years ago, the ones I've seen anyway.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | I'm in Philadelphia, software jobs around here pay about
               | 2-3 times what other engineering disciplines pay for the
               | same level of experience.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | How quickly do you hit the salary ceiling though? That's
               | what I've seen. Software devs make a lot more than other
               | engineers when starting out. By 7-10 years of experience,
               | the gap is much, much narrower.
        
           | throwaway5947 wrote:
           | You could just do what happens everywhere else, price fixing.
           | (I mean everywhere else as in the real world, not the soft
           | interior of an "economics" textbook).
        
           | draw_down wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | oceanplexian wrote:
         | Fitting pipes together is not "back breaking". We're not
         | talking about framing or roofing, in the contracting world
         | plumbing is a light duty skilled trade that anyone with half a
         | brain can earn a 6-figure income on. If you take care of
         | yourself and wear protective equipment, you won't have a
         | problem with your knees in middle age. There's no "forced
         | retirement", someone working as an independent contractor for
         | 25 years is likely more wealthy than the average software
         | engineer in most LCOL or MCOL parts of the country.
         | 
         | The problem isn't "lack of immigrants". The problem is that
         | when surveyed, 25% of Gen-Z said they plan to pursue a career
         | as "influencers". My opinion is that younger generations have
         | been brought up in a world where they don't need to take
         | personal responsibility or ever get their hands dirty.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | I'd be curious what your generation said they'd want to be
           | when surveyed. I'm sure during the height of beatlemania,
           | many people wanted to be a rockstar too.
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | The median income for a plumber is $50k, only 10% make above
           | $91k. https://insights.workwave.com/industry/plumbing-
           | electrical/p...
           | 
           | 6-figure incomes for plumbers are rare.
        
             | megaman821 wrote:
             | Where is all the money people paying tradespeople going? If
             | I need any plumbing work done it costs me $200 an hour or
             | more. Even with overhead and expenses, 10 hours a week gets
             | you more than $50k a year. Twenty years ago my grandfather
             | was a marine plumber and made $200k a year. How many
             | apprentices and part-time plumber are in these datasets?
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | Same places it always has? Insurance, materials, taxes,
               | wages, profits.
        
               | joecot wrote:
               | If retail stores are making record breaking profits, why
               | are service workers paid so little? If medical costs are
               | so high, why aren't nurses and nurse aids making more?
               | 
               | It's not rocket science. People aren't getting paid for
               | the value of their labor, and productivity has rocketed
               | up while wages have stagnated for decades. Your plumber
               | charges 200 an hour and doesn't make anywhere near that
               | much, because they work for a company who profits
               | massively off their labor and exploits him as far as the
               | law and supply and demand will allow.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _plumber charges 200 an hour and doesn 't make anywhere
               | near that much, because they work for a company who
               | profits massively off their labor and exploits him as far
               | as the law and supply and demand will allow_
               | 
               | Do most plumbers responding to house calls work for an
               | employer? There aren't many economies of scale in that
               | work.
        
               | joecot wrote:
               | Being a plumber who works for a company means you are
               | given tasks and show up at those assignments. You need to
               | know how to plumb.
               | 
               | Being an independent plumber means handling: marketing,
               | networking, customer service, etc, plus plumbing. Like
               | any other freelance position it's not easy to break in
               | and get enough work to live. And we're not in the days of
               | people just opening the Yellow Pages and calling a random
               | plumber. Now it's a labyrinth of competing search engine
               | results, yelp reviews, HomeAdvisor references, etc.
               | 
               | Some people will take the time to find an independent
               | plumber. Most people call RotoRooter or whatever company
               | has advertised the most in their area. The plumbers,
               | electricians, handymen I call are all independent, but
               | they're also old, at the end of their careers, having a
               | set of regulars they could take with them going
               | independent, and having saved a bunch of money because
               | they _were_ getting paid fair wages in their prime. There
               | are economies of scale in the skilled trades, they 're
               | just not the trades themselves.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | Agree that it isn't easy going independent as a plumber.
               | But it's easier than in, say, construction. That leaves
               | room for trade-offs between ambition and risk on one hand
               | and a safe, secure job on the other hand.
        
               | ajmurmann wrote:
               | Sounds like more reason the call by many here to stop
               | complaining and pay more seems spot on.
        
               | pnutjam wrote:
               | Tools, trucks, downtime, insurance, etc... All expenses I
               | don't have as a corporate linux guy.
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | If you're in Oregon or California, it looks like the
               | wages there are much higher.
               | 
               | Also, you're probably paying the company which manages
               | the plumbers, of which the plumbers don't directly earn
               | that.
               | 
               | If you're hiring a plumber directly, I'd assume it's a
               | more experienced one running their own business. In
               | addition to charging you $200/hr for the work, they're
               | probably doing their accounting and business management,
               | billing, ordering parts and equipment, replacing tools,
               | and communicating with clients.
               | 
               | I could see that only resulting in 10-20 billable hours
               | per week.
               | 
               | Also, if many of their jobs are paid in cash, it's
               | possible there's a significant amount that is unreported
               | to the agencies generating these statistics.
        
               | MrFantastic wrote:
               | You pay $200/hr for the work you see onsite. What you
               | don't see is overhead, drive time to site and back to HQ
               | and because plumbers aren't guaranteed to work 40 hours a
               | week.
               | 
               | If there is no work, the plumbers don't get paid.
        
             | pcthrowaway wrote:
             | According to that site, the average in California and
             | Oregon is 6 figures for 7+ years of experience, so perhaps
             | not that dismal for HCOL
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | cudgy wrote:
           | Try crawling around in a 2 foot high crawl space amongst
           | spiders and snakes while ripping out old, stinky, dripping
           | plumbing with a sabre saw or arc welder and tell yourself it
           | is not "back breaking" or dangerous.
        
           | MrFantastic wrote:
           | Pipe fitters tend to have really strong hands because the
           | pipes are heavy and awkward.
           | 
           | Working with awkward heavy things tends to wear out your
           | joints
        
           | jethro_tell wrote:
           | There was no one with dreams of being a rockstar or actor
           | before influencers. There have always been a good chunk of
           | kids that want to do as little as possible and then they tend
           | to figure something out or wash out. This isn't new or news.
        
           | dimator wrote:
           | Older generation complains about newer generation's work
           | ethic and goals, news at 11.
           | 
           | Seriously, this has been done since forever, and it's such a
           | tired trope.
           | 
           | And why the hell shouldn't they want to be influencers?
           | They're responding to the world they've been handed. Why is
           | that different than "I want to be an NBA player", or rock and
           | roll singer before that, or baseball player before that?
           | 
           | Gen Z will be just fine, even if Gen X doesn't understand
           | how.
        
             | sometimeshuman wrote:
             | This is the first comment I have read where "Gen X" is
             | dragged into the generational culture war. The generic
             | brand of that generation made me think it would fly under
             | the radar and we'd break this tired pattern.
        
             | pleb_nz wrote:
             | Generations isnt even real. People change year on year
             | little by little not once in 20 years. It's a gradual shift
             | not some shift that happens new years eve one year.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | The pace of change quickens due to technology enabling
               | our interconnected world today.
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | I see this line about kids wanting to be influencers. Is
           | there a credible source? And is this any different than them
           | wanting to be a rock star, movie star, etc.? Most who have
           | this hairbrained dream can fail quickly and hopefully with
           | minimal cost or embarrassment and move on with their lives.
        
             | nullsense wrote:
             | My 7 year old routinely tells me he is going to be a
             | YouTuber. I routinely remind him about power law
             | distributions. So far he has made 2 YouTube channels with a
             | handful of videos each and even less subscribers. I can't
             | recall if it was for his 6th or 7th birthday but he had
             | been talking a lot about wanting his own "merch", so I
             | asked him what kind of design would he put on his "merch"
             | and he told me what he wanted. I whipped one up on a
             | t-shirt making site and got it for him for his birthday. He
             | still wears it and still refers to it as his "merch".
             | 
             | I think it's mostly harmless and of course most kids will
             | grow out of it. It's definitely like wanting to be a
             | rockstar, but I think the scale is larger and the barrier
             | to entry so much lower that they seem much more convinced
             | it's actually a viable option than what I thought being a
             | rockstar was when I was a kid.
             | 
             | My guess is for many of them it will be a second "wait,
             | Santa isn't real?" moment when they get a bit older and
             | realize that power law distributions are a thing and that's
             | just how it is. Followed by fun times reminiscing about it
             | with each other as adults.
        
           | giraffe_lady wrote:
           | Who do you think unloads the pipes from the truck, carries
           | them up the stairs or drags them into the crawlspaces on
           | their knees? I've never met a plumber over 50 who didn't have
           | chronic pain in their back, shoulders or knees.
           | 
           | > My opinion is that younger generations have been brought up
           | in a world where they don't need to take personal
           | responsibility or ever get their hands dirty.
           | 
           | An opinion as old as recorded history _at least_. It wasn 't
           | novel or insightful when Horace said it in 40BC and it isn't
           | now.
        
         | malandrew wrote:
         | I've done both kinds of work on my own home. Calling it back
         | breaking is pure hyperbole. Is it physical, certainly. But it's
         | something you can easily do until you're 50 without issue and
         | between 40 to 50, you can start taking apprentices that do the
         | taxes that benefit from youth. Of the plumbers and carpenters
         | I've hired, they are all in no worse shape than other adults
         | their age.
         | 
         | I sit at a computer all day and it's not good for my body
         | either as I'm more sedentary than is healthy. I would say that
         | my work is equally unhealthy but in different ways.
        
           | Ancalagon wrote:
           | Doing one-off projects on your own home is not equivalent to
           | being a full time roofer or tile-layer, or even plumber or
           | auto tech where you are constantly working on your back,
           | hands, and knees.
           | 
           | I have my own home too and the times I've done my own
           | plumbing work were hard. And that's one of the physically-
           | speaking easier jobs, never mind Roofing, I wouldn't last a
           | week.
        
             | eddsh1994 wrote:
             | My uncles a roofer and did it into his 40s but eventually
             | started his own company when he wanted to stop carrying
             | slate around on roofs in the miserable British winters. I
             | think that's the usual progression - you're not literally
             | laying tiles till you're 67.
        
               | Ancalagon wrote:
               | Is starting a roofing company a viable career path for
               | _every_ young roofer that wants to make roofing their
               | career?
               | 
               | If not I think that still hits the "knees give out by 55"
               | issue.
        
               | eddsh1994 wrote:
               | No, but supervising/managing is pretty viable. Also these
               | aren't FTSE100 companies, these are small groups of like
               | 3/4 people who spin off and have a few commercial
               | clients.
        
               | mrcrumb1 wrote:
               | Relying on entrepreneurship for your livelihood and
               | retirement as you age sounds like it'll only work for a
               | select few
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Unless there is massive population growth. Single older
               | person can employ only so many juniors. Or other older
               | people have to exit the market.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | It's like a MLM spread across generations of workers. You
               | recruit two workers and they recruit two workers each and
               | then they recruit two workers each.... You even get to be
               | your own {Personal Pronoun}Boss!
        
               | notch656c wrote:
               | If you spend 2/3 of your career as one of the 2
               | underlings it's not MLM. Body is dunzo by say 50 for
               | trades, which means you get 30 years as a tradesman and
               | 15 years employing two tradesman. Retire at 65.
        
               | eddsh1994 wrote:
               | Or there's an increase in new buildings, or the number of
               | buildings needing repairs increase over time, etc... With
               | trades the number of self-employed or owners is quite
               | high - you can either do Job A by yourself for $X for
               | company Foo, or be self-employed and do Job A by yourself
               | for $X++. Same number of jobs exist, just less
               | monopolized by larger companies. I don't know _why_ , but
               | this is what I found in the south-west of England when I
               | lived there. I think the experienced people tend to start
               | those orgs to charge more then get older and need to hire
               | apprentices to do the work for them, and so the cycle
               | continues.
        
           | Adraghast wrote:
           | More than 10% of tradespeople are addicted to painkillers. I
           | suspect your weekend warrior projects do not qualify you to
           | understand why.
        
           | bavent wrote:
           | Working on something at your house is very different from
           | doing it day in and day out, year after year. I have worked
           | many manual labor jobs over the years and after just a few
           | years started having constant pain in my knees, feet, and
           | lower back. My father has been in a trade his entire life and
           | in his late 50s, he was already having many physical issues
           | from it. Not everyone can just take on an apprentice -
           | especially since this article is stating that nobody wants to
           | do these jobs.
        
           | mrcrumb1 wrote:
           | I grew up in a family of laborers and this feels very far
           | from my experience. Can you do this through your 50s? Yes, if
           | you avoid a major injury (your risk of this is high in these
           | jobs). Even if you do avoid injury, your ability to do the
           | jobs starts to rapidly decline because doing a job like this
           | day in and day out does take a toll on your body, even if a
           | single day of work isn't back breaking.
        
         | bubblematrix wrote:
         | Independent plumbers/local plumbing businesses can easily earn
         | $1,000/day with 2-3 service calls. Not sure how universal
         | healthcare, PTO, immigration, and more pay have to do with
         | this.
         | 
         | Edit: Thank you for all the downvotes for me calling out the
         | weird correlation between tech benefits/politics and plumber
         | skill-shortage + high-reward wages. Your wokeism will forever
         | benefit society.
        
           | teawrecks wrote:
           | What do independent plumbers have to do for healthcare for
           | them and their families? Is there a better option than COBRA?
           | I honestly don't know.
        
             | dangerwill wrote:
             | COBRA is for temporarily keeping employer provided
             | healthcare after leaving a company and is basically a non-
             | option except as a short term bridge to a new employer
             | provided plan. I believe independent workers generally go
             | to the health care exchanges and buy a private health care
             | plan. Rates vary wildly by state, coverage details, and
             | your age but I've recently looked in Washington state for
             | midrange (silver) plans and they are around ~$400 a month
             | (with no dependents).
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | I know people who surfed the COBRA wave - ie, joined
               | full-time for a company for a month every year or two to
               | keep COBRA going and then going back to contract work in
               | the interim.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | I just left FTE and took COBRA and they are giving me
               | 18mo!
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | I mean Obamacare exchanges exist but (as the insurance
             | industry wants) it mostly sucks in terms of costs/coverage.
             | COBRA is still better because you get tied to your former
             | employer's risk pool even though you pay employer share of
             | healthcare costs.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | You can buy the same health insurance on healthcare.gov
               | that businesses buy from the same insurance companies.
               | 
               | They even have metal levels so you know you are getting
               | the same actuarial value. A silver BCBS plan from an
               | employer is basically the same coverage as a silver BCBS
               | plan from healthcare.gov.
        
             | ericbarrett wrote:
             | I had to dip into this for a few years. In the U.S., an ACA
             | ("Obamacare") plan is $500-$2000 a month, depending on the
             | state, with extra assistance for low incomes. There are
             | bronze, silver, and gold plans with higher tiers decreasing
             | copays and annual out-of-pocket maximums but significantly
             | bumping the monthly dues. Private insurance also exists but
             | almost universally has inferior terms (payout caps, gaps in
             | coverage, weasel wording, etc.).
             | 
             | In my experience, for a typical ACA bronze plan, the annual
             | maximum out-of-pocket payout is roughly $20,000, and the
             | monthly dues are about $700, meaning worst case you're
             | looking at ~$30,000 out pocket for a year. Add about 50% if
             | you have children. Sadly, none of this is tax-deductible as
             | far as I can tell.
             | 
             | Another issue with ACA marketplaces that I found was they
             | churn a lot; every year when you have to renew coverage you
             | can have an entirely different set of providers and plans.
             | The constant enrollment and transfer paperwork becomes non-
             | trivial, even without trying to qualify for an income-based
             | discount.
        
               | dml2135 wrote:
               | If you have a high-deductible health plan, generally you
               | can open an HSA account, which does allow for medical
               | expenses to effectively be tax-deductible.
               | 
               | There are a bunch of restrictions and loopholes though. I
               | once opened an HSA and then actually had to close it
               | because it turned out my insurance plan had *too* high of
               | a deductible to be eligible, go figure.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | >the annual maximum out-of-pocket payout is roughly
               | $20,000,
               | 
               | https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/out-of-pocket-
               | maximum-li...
               | 
               | The annual max family out of pocket is legally capped at
               | $18,200, but most plans will be less than that.
               | 
               | >Another issue with ACA marketplaces that I found was
               | they churn a lot; every year when you have to renew
               | coverage you can have an entirely different set of
               | providers and plans.
               | 
               | This is not my experience, I have been able to purchase
               | the same BCBS health plan from the same insurer for many
               | years.
               | 
               | In NJ, I would budget $30k per year for premiums for a
               | gold level plan for a family of 4, assuming you are not
               | getting any premium tax credits. Of course, out of pocket
               | maximum is up to another $18k.
               | 
               | https://www.state.nj.us/dobi/division_insurance/ihcseh/ih
               | cra...
               | 
               | >Sadly, none of this is tax-deductible as far as I can
               | tell.
               | 
               | It should be tax deductible if you are self employed:
               | 
               | https://www.healthinsurance.org/obamacare/self-employed-
               | heal...
               | 
               | And if you are working for a small business that does not
               | offer a group health plan, you should be able to get
               | premiums reimbursed from employer with pre tax income:
               | 
               | https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/qsehra/
        
             | Eumenes wrote:
             | You can find a bronze plan on the healthcare market place
             | for < $300/month. I'm self employed, paying around that for
             | an HSA eligible plan, and haven't seen a doctor in 5+ year.
             | Mostly keep it for the HSA account/investing, or I'd forgo
             | it. If your spouse has a FT/W2 job, they'd likely get solid
             | health insurance to cover the family.
        
               | ericbarrett wrote:
               | This varies wildly by state. Where I live the cheapest
               | bronze plan in 2022 was $700/mo with no dependents.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | It varies more by age. A bronze plan under $300 per month
               | is only possible for someone in their 20s.
               | 
               | You can see premiums for 2023 for NJ here for all ages
               | and plans, and adjust up or down 20% for other states.:
               | 
               | https://www.state.nj.us/dobi/division_insurance/ihcseh/ih
               | cra...
               | 
               | https://www.state.nj.us/dobi/division_insurance/ihcseh/ih
               | cra...
        
           | Adraghast wrote:
           | The median annual wage for electricians was $60,040 in May
           | 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers
           | in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned
           | less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $37,020, and the
           | highest 10 percent earned more than $99,800.
        
             | bluedino wrote:
             | Get a job with the local power company, or one of their
             | contractors. You will have to work in bad weather, after
             | storms, and travel a little bit.
             | 
             |  _The average salary for a journeyman lineman in Michigan
             | is $161,000 per year_
        
               | stonogo wrote:
               | No it isn't. You cherry-picked that single report, which
               | was based on 76 turbotax returns. I suspect their data is
               | wrong or corrupted, because making $160k as a journeyman
               | lineman is only achievable with a decade experience and a
               | truckload of overtime. Look around a bit further, or talk
               | to actual linemen or unions, and you'll see the average
               | salary for a lineman is about a hundred thousand dollars
               | a year less than that.
               | 
               | https://www.salary.com/research/salary/alternate/journeym
               | an-... https://www.glassdoor.com/Salary/DTE-Energy-
               | Journeyman-Linem...
               | https://www.linemancentral.com/states/michigan
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | Read some Reddit posts where people ask linemen how much
               | they make. People reply with over $200k.
        
               | Tokkemon wrote:
               | Yeah, because that's more reliable data.
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | Have you considered that they may not be telling the
               | truth?
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | I know a lot of linemen and they do pretty well. $70k
               | would be zero overtime.
               | 
               | Do you think they don't earn 30-40 per hour and have the
               | ability to make tons of overtime?
               | 
               | The power company pays office workers time and a half to
               | do "line watch" where they just park by a downed power
               | line with a light on their roof until a crew shows up to
               | fix it.
        
           | artemonster wrote:
           | The downvotes should be a hint for you to re-evaluate your
           | position and maybe look for logical errors. Instead you've
           | doubled down and threw in some ridiculous piece of your
           | worldview (that thing with wokeism) to shift the blame away
           | from yourself to everyone around you.
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | How are you "not sure" what healthcare and independent
           | workers have to do with each other?
        
         | SideQuark wrote:
         | So instead of "barely middle-class" jobs, they choose no job?
         | 
         | That will turn out well for them.
        
           | Ancalagon wrote:
           | You'd be surprised. Sometimes quality of life is better spent
           | not working when you can lean on family and friends Or your
           | own small retirement fund.
           | 
           | Not saying someone's life choices are right or wrong one way
           | or the other in this case. I'm very grateful for my position
           | but would be lying if I didn't say I day dreamt occasionally
           | about quitting work and living like a backpacker.
        
             | SideQuark wrote:
             | >Sometimes quality of life is better spent not working when
             | you can lean on family and friends Or your own small
             | retirement fund.
             | 
             | And then when enough do, and the result becomes a lifetime
             | of un/under-employment, then they want the retirements or
             | lives of those before or around them, who do you think will
             | pick up the slack?
             | 
             | Sure, quit and be a backpacker. Doing it a while is fun,
             | probably even healthy, but a lifetime of it will not end
             | well for many people. And generally if enough people do it,
             | then society as a whole will have to pay for it.
        
               | fleddr wrote:
               | Pretty funny thing to say on HN, which consists of people
               | in the industry of automating things.
        
               | hypertele-Xii wrote:
               | > who do you think will pick up the slack?
               | 
               | Machines? Volunteers? Hobbyists? Artists? Researchers?
               | Bored people?
        
               | orwin wrote:
               | I mean, if enough enough refusing to enter the rat race
               | makes society hurts, maybe a new way of social
               | organization will be creted?
        
           | moe091 wrote:
           | I mean, have you seen how much pay has gone up in low-skilled
           | jobs? There are signs at all the local businesses in my area
           | offering $15+ an hour for cashiers and fry cooks and whatnot.
           | The same kind of jobs I worked 7-8 years ago for $8 an hour.
           | They are taking advantage of supply and demand to force jobs
           | to pay them a closer-to-fair wage, instead of selling their
           | time for less than it's worth and perpetuating the problem
           | indefinitely.
           | 
           | To be fair, I do agree that on an individual level there are
           | tons of people screwing themselves over and messing up their
           | lives, being a burdon on their parents or whoever ends up
           | supporting them financially, etc. I don't think most of these
           | people are refusing to work out of activism or anything. But
           | from a sociological perspective it's a natural response to a
           | problem(a problem that goes much deeper than low wages imo,
           | but I won't get into that) that acts as a corrective measure
           | to one of the main symptoms of that problem.
           | 
           | In other words: there will always be a bell curve of in terms
           | of competence and work ethic, and from a relative perspective
           | the curve will maintain it's shape throughout time
           | periods/generations among large enough populations. The
           | people on the low end of that curve deserve the same amount
           | of criticism(how much, if any, they deserve, is up for
           | debate) regardless of whether the curve itself shifts towards
           | one side or the other - as movements of the curve in it's
           | entirety can be attributed to social/environment factors. I
           | do think we've seen the curve move towards it's lower end
           | recently, and I have plenty of headcannon about why that may
           | have happened, but I can't see any reason to blame all
           | individuals within an entire generation, and I can't see the
           | point in condemning the low end of the curve for a certain
           | generation over that same portion of the curve from other
           | generations.
        
             | SideQuark wrote:
             | >I mean, have you seen how much pay has gone up in low-
             | skilled jobs? There are signs at all the local businesses
             | in my area offering $15+ an hour for cashiers and fry cooks
             | and whatnot. The same kind of jobs I worked 7-8 years ago
             | for $8 an hour. They are taking advantage of supply and
             | demand to force jobs to pay them a closer-to-fair wage,
             | instead of selling their time for less than it's worth and
             | perpetuating the problem indefinitely.
             | 
             | Those jobs also result in products being more costly, so
             | that the current low end wages are actually lower nominal
             | value.
             | 
             | I find people using terms like "fair wage" end up making
             | wishes and policies that end up hurting the poor, not
             | helping them, by not understanding economics.
             | 
             | Fair is what a person can command from competing for jobs,
             | and jobs competing for workers. Anything else ends up
             | unsustainable, which usually ends up hurting the least able
             | workers.
             | 
             | Mandating wages leads to lower employment - so sure you can
             | help some by pricing others out of work.
             | 
             | >To be fair, I do agree that on an individual level there
             | are tons of people screwing themselves over and messing up
             | their lives, being a burdon on their parents or whoever
             | ends up supporting them financially, etc.
             | 
             | Agreed - but who it will hurt the most is future workers,
             | including them, as the economy is not as good and then
             | there are less resources for everyone, including them. Of
             | course they will continue to blame a "system" when they got
             | what they earned.
             | 
             | >I do think we've seen the curve move towards it's lower
             | end recently
             | 
             | Total remuneration, even at the low end, is higher than
             | nearly all of history. And post-tax transfer it's much
             | higher.
             | 
             | For example, the lowest 20% of households saw their post-
             | tax income go from $18,900 in 1979 to $32,800 in 2018 [1],
             | and that's not even including that households on average
             | have shrunk in size. Per worker the returns are even
             | higher.
             | 
             | A good analogy: if you tell kids that blue eyed kids are
             | the devil, they will act like it, pass laws, and believe
             | it. If you tell people immigrants are killing them or
             | taking jobs, people start to believe it, and enact laws
             | that hurt all. Similarly, if you tell enough people how bad
             | the economy is, regardless of solid evidence, they will act
             | like it, and in the case of an economy, they bring the doom
             | to pass.
             | 
             | >I can't see any reason to blame all individuals within an
             | entire generation
             | 
             | I wouldn't blame them all. But if enough act a way to make
             | their economic outcomes worse, then all of them will suffer
             | over time. And they'll take others along for the ride.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/historical-
             | income...
        
               | fleddr wrote:
               | "Fair is what a person can command from competing for
               | jobs, and jobs competing for workers. Anything else ends
               | up unsustainable, which usually ends up hurting the least
               | able workers."
               | 
               | Unsustainable, huh? I'm from the Netherlands where we've
               | had minimum wage since 1969. The job market hasn't
               | exactly broken down in those 53 years. Actually, we have
               | the lowest unemployment in recorded history. Also,
               | minimum wage just got upped by more than 10%.
               | 
               | You know why? Because otherwise people working full-time
               | can't even afford the basics. Even if you have zero
               | empathy in you, how exactly does it benefit society to
               | have productive members of society suffer, become
               | homeless, resort to crime, go hungry and freeze?
        
       | dogman144 wrote:
       | Seems like a trade + honesty + can run a business as an IC/MBA
       | hybrid, you'll clean up and have a good or very lucrative career.
       | Especially as billing peers cost of living.
       | 
       | Probably a big caveat exists for businesses that get into
       | contract bidding, as that's different.
       | 
       | There's 1x old plumber in my town who does honest and on time
       | work and he's a spry 70 year old. And charges a hefty but honest
       | hourly rate given the service. There's no plumbers behind him.
       | 
       | Whenever Ive thought I might not make it in tech, a trade and
       | running a business on it was the backup plan.
       | 
       | *edit the nuances I've seen that are worth mentioning is if
       | you're not in that owner/operator role, the work can get bad.
       | Know enough friends who:
       | 
       | - slipped in a construction site moonlighting a demolition job
       | and now limping and can't afford a doctor.
       | 
       | - Electricians who got their in around a strict union hierarchy
       | but also zapped themselves pretty bad early on.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Well of course not as many gen Z people want to be in the trades.
       | You have 25% wanting to be influencers. You have to take that 25%
       | from somewhere.
       | 
       | https://www.projectcasting.com/blog/news/gen-z-influencer/
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | Could this be a place where "automation/globalization/whatever"
       | has actually destroyed the jobs? I'm not overfamiliar with a lot
       | of them, but I could see that e.g. being a carpenter or
       | electrician today might be different from in the past owing to
       | "cruft" -- fewer unions, more gatekeeping in the form of
       | regulations and guild type deals, the unreasonable scale of
       | business, more proprietary crap to deal with, etc?
        
         | nibbleshifter wrote:
         | Not really.
         | 
         | I've family members who are tradesmen, this issue has been
         | coming down the pipe forever.
         | 
         | What's killed em is apprentice wages haven't kept up with
         | inflation for fucking years, and as for the treatment of
         | apprentices and helpers? Garbage.
         | 
         | Basically decades of absolute pisstaking and abuse of newcomers
         | ("hey, everyone goes through it, its fine!") has predictably
         | resulted in a shortage of newcomers.
         | 
         | Are they willing to up the apprentice (and journeyman...)
         | wages? Fuck off, of course not.
         | 
         | Almost every tradie ends up telling their kids to go to college
         | and whatever the fuck they do, stay out of the trades.
        
       | ajsnigrutin wrote:
       | I live in slovenia, and the situation here is so bad, that a
       | competent plumber or electrician can easily outearn a doctor plus
       | there is a lot of potential for not paying taxes and that means
       | even higher net earnings.
        
       | nostrademons wrote:
       | Tradespeople will be the new software engineers in the late 2020s
       | through 2030s. Enough that I'm considering leaving my cushy FAANG
       | engineering manager job to become an electrician.
       | 
       | On top of the huge supply shortage, consider that the majority of
       | the U.S. housing stock was built during the Baby Boom
       | suburbanization from 1950-1970, and that the average lifespan of
       | a house's internal systems (plumbing, electrical) is about 65
       | years. There's a _massive_ maintenance bill coming due right
       | around 2025. Right as the housing stock is largely owned by
       | boomers on fixed incomes who won 't have time, money, or health
       | to fix it. Millennials will start inheriting houses en masse
       | around 2035, which solves the housing crisis, but they're going
       | to be houses in various states of disrepair.
       | 
       | There's probably also a lot of room for innovation in home
       | construction and repair - possibly an area where robotics could
       | make a big difference. Unfortunately this is a known "hard
       | problem", where past attempts at mechanization haven't really
       | helped much.
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | I think that's mostly accurate. Demand won't be high forever. A
         | hybrid approach will develop. Software and tech in the day,
         | welding and plumbing in the evening. Eventually, whatever the
         | young employee values more will be prioritized for a career.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | Tradespeople will definitely not be making 300k+ off a few
         | years of experience five years from now.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | And if they were, who could afford to pay them that? Other
           | tradespeople? Ultra-rich?
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | That part is relatively easy to answer. When there are only
             | enough tradespeople to maintain 10% of homes, the top 10%
             | of income earners will get their services, and the top 10%
             | will spend a majority of their wealth on home maintenance.
             | It's already happening in areas with a lot of rich people
             | and few tradespeople - it costs me $1000 to run a camera
             | down my sewer line, $4K to roto-root it, about $20-30K to
             | fix a collapsed pipe. The top-10% has been doing fine in
             | terms of income, but now that it's so un-economical to go
             | into a field other than tech or finance, they're going to
             | have to spend a lot of that on essential services.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Most of the trades companies around me won't even pick up
               | the phone for a job less than $10K. And even then,
               | they're booked out months in advance. These companies are
               | making a fortune. Not sure how much of it trickles down
               | to tradespeople wages, but from reading other threads on
               | this article, it doesn't look like those guys don't get
               | paid a lot, as a percentage of what's billed to the
               | customer.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | Extend that out to 10 years from now and I'll take that bet.
           | 
           | Price goes up dramatically in the face of supply shortages,
           | because when there's a shortage you pick your customers
           | instead of them picking you, and some customers have _a lot_
           | more money than others. Same reason software engineers make
           | $300K /year after a few years experience (when I started my
           | career 15 years ago $100K was considered a very good mid-
           | career salary, and still is in some locales), and good
           | childcare in the Bay Area now runs about $3000/month, and
           | homes are $3M.
        
           | oceanplexian wrote:
           | I think this is actually one of those predictions that might
           | not turn out the way you think. Economies are all about
           | supply and demand, not how long or complicated the job title
           | is.
           | 
           | The government is increasingly ignoring the problem, the
           | higher-education-industrial-complex is grabbing workers that
           | would otherwise go into the trades, mass-importation of
           | unskilled labor is slowing down as it becomes more of a
           | political minefield (In the EU and the US).
           | 
           | The confluence of all those factors will squeeze a limited
           | labor pool, and prices will continue to increase. I think
           | it's not unlikely that in 5-10 years we enter a crisis where
           | critical infrastructure starts failing and the government has
           | to start up a "Learn to Weld" program instead of "Learn to
           | Code" program because things have gone so far out of balance.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | Economies are about supply and demand. But _wages_ are not
             | directly tied to the demand for the trades. Wages are
             | controlled by the bosses. Even if the price of wiring up a
             | new home goes up, I would not expect the bulk of that
             | increase to be reflected in the wages of the electricians
             | (at least in the US).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | Trades are one of those areas (along with software
               | engineering) where it is relatively easy to be your own
               | boss. The market in general is pretty competitive on both
               | the buyer (lots of individual homeowners needing work
               | done) and seller (lots of small independent contractors
               | selling their labor) sides; that should make overall
               | prices & wages reflect industry-wide (or at least local)
               | supply & demand pretty well.
               | 
               | ConstructionPhysics has a pretty good series about why
               | the construction industry never really realized economies
               | of scale the way most other industries do. Even when you
               | have large homebuilders like D.R. Horton, their primary
               | competitive advantage is usually reduced cost of capital,
               | which goes away if capital becomes expensive for
               | everyone.
               | 
               | https://constructionphysics.substack.com/p/why-are-there-
               | so-...
        
         | confidantlake wrote:
         | You are going to leave your mid 6 figure job to do a physically
         | demanding mid 5 figure job? Good luck!
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | I don't believe those relative wages are going to hold.
           | 
           | I got into software engineering when it was a high-5-figure
           | to low-6-figure job. At the time, conventional wisdom was
           | that the money was in finance, law, or medicine. Medicine has
           | held up well, but wages in finance and law have fallen well
           | below what software engineers make. Hell, lawyers frequently
           | make less than plumbers do now, hence this joke:
           | 
           | https://unijokes.com/joke-929/
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Nah, tradespeople will be replaced with lego buildings, the
         | same way that furniture makers were replaced with ikea
        
           | akavi wrote:
           | Will that happen faster than the shift of AI into knowledge
           | work? Because the current trajectory has robots taking our
           | "manipulate bits" jobs far faster than our "move atoms" ones.
        
             | nebula8804 wrote:
             | Who knows. On the one hand there have been attempts to get
             | rid of the "manipulates bits" people forever, GUI/Drag and
             | Drop code editors, outsourcing etc. and it always comes
             | back to the edge cases never working and every projecting
             | having tons of edge cases. Maybe this will finally be the
             | time or maybe the AI still can't handle the edge cases.
             | Seeing as how the market is slowly walking away from self
             | driving promises(probably due to the edge cases) maybe we
             | aren't there yet.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | That's the plan, but reality currently falls far short of
           | that. My sister's currently looking at modular houses. There
           | isn't much of a price difference between them vs. building on
           | site, and you deal with a lot of hassles around
           | transportation, site preparation, and permitting/paperwork.
        
         | dogman144 wrote:
         | I've thought similar.
         | 
         | With a nest egg you keep in your back pocket that can get you
         | out of a shop hierarchy and into ownership quickly, accounting
         | for Lego houses and whatever other innovations, programming
         | some of your own stuff as needed, there's a path for honest
         | workers who are really good and on time to make good money.
         | Pick a wealthy area as your operating zone. Leverage the SWE
         | social class and your trade skills.
         | 
         | My relatives who own mom and pop contracting and plumbing
         | companies have carved out solid lives for themselves and their
         | kids. The downside is they're working into their 60s, but with
         | a good nest egg from tech that might be different.
         | 
         | My relatives who rode the MBA and finance paths ended up all
         | over the map - didn't survive the Great Recession, did fine,
         | are in tech but it's lost the shine, ended up as a total goober
         | as retired executive without a company to exec...
        
       | meetingthrower wrote:
       | Man, I'm in PE buying these companies and if you want to get rich
       | in America be competent in skilled trades. If you have a little
       | bit of management skill it is very doable. I've been offering 40
       | year old high school grads $30M in cash for their companies (and
       | they would get that much again as we are doing rollups and they
       | maintain significant equity.)
       | 
       | What is amazing is that these guys just do this again and again.
       | You want to know who has boats and planes? These guys!!! Richer
       | than I'll ever be.
        
       | Gud wrote:
       | I'm a so called "blue collar worker" - I supervise the
       | installation of high voltage equipment. I make pretty good money
       | - seems few people want to travel as much as I do. Most sites I
       | work at, the guys are mostly freelancers. They make about
       | EUR100/h, pre taxes.
        
       | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
       | How much of this is class signifiers in the age of increasingly
       | tenuous existences on anyone but the wealthy? I wouldn't own a
       | farm even with existing subsidies on agriculture specifically
       | because it will destroy my body and then I'll be on the hook for
       | all that healthcare.
        
         | dieselgate wrote:
         | It's more nuanced than that for a lot of people I think - many
         | people inherit "the family farm/ag. business" so to speak and
         | even if they don't want to get into it they do anyway
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | If you own the farm its your farmhands that are breaking their
         | body while you sip coffee and order seed.
        
         | verdenti wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | I was working for an aerospace manufacturer for a while. We were
       | getting 40/50 year old apprentices for the trades, guys coming
       | off the production floor.
       | 
       | Electricians, millwrights, CNC machinists... we couldn't find
       | enough of them.
       | 
       | I get it. Nobody wants to stand in front of a machine (or 5-6
       | machines) for 10 hours a day. Nobody wants to be in a 90 degree
       | factory all day. Nobody wants to work 2nd or 3rd shifts.
       | 
       | The pay isn't incredible. $25-30/hr. You get overtime. You get
       | health insurance. You're a union member. As long as Boeing and
       | Airbus are still flying planes, you'll have a job.
       | 
       | But we just flat out didn't get many applicants. And the people
       | that we'd get, would only work for a couple days, or a couple
       | weeks.
       | 
       | Some people think it's because there's drug testing. Some people
       | say young people "don't want to work". All I know is if I needed
       | a job, I'd apply.
        
         | greatpostman wrote:
         | 25/30 hr is not great. Hate to tell you
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | It's relative
        
             | greatpostman wrote:
             | To what? Working at McDonald's?
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | Relative to what other jobs in the area pay and the cost
               | of living, of course. The competition may in fact be
               | McDonald's paying $12 an hour or Walmart paying $14.
        
             | Wojtkie wrote:
             | It's extremely easy to clear more than 25-30 an hour
             | waiting tables in a lot of places.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | The places where you can easily clear more than $25-30 an
               | hour as a waiter are also places with high cost of living
               | and expensive housing. As a counterexample, in my area (a
               | midsize city in a low cost-of-living state), restaurants
               | universally suffered from sharp labor shortages last
               | year. $25-30 an hour would let you live comfortably here,
               | meaning they should have had a lot of applicants;
               | therefore the money just wasn't there.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | My wife was a waitress for years (but not in the last
               | decade or so). A four hour shift at Sizzler (yes, the
               | stake house that everyone loves to hate) would get her
               | about $25/hr on average easily. A decade ago. In a small
               | town in the Inland Empire of SoCal, amongst the lowest
               | cost of living in California.
        
         | omginternets wrote:
         | I'm curious, has your employer tried paying more? There are a
         | fair few desk jobs that pay $25-30/hr, and it's entirely
         | possible that people are trading job stability for something
         | that isn't so physically demanding.
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | There's not that many jobs that pay that much around here.
           | 
           | However, our Seattle location has that problem. It was almost
           | closed down because of competition.
           | 
           | edit: can't reply to the person who replied below, but if you
           | have a contract to sell parts to a company you can't just
           | increase your worker pay to whatever you want and have it be
           | sustainable.
        
             | thatjoeoverthr wrote:
             | > There's not that many jobs that pay that much around
             | here.
             | 
             | So, I shouldn't be around there?
             | 
             | > you can't just increase your worker pay to whatever you
             | want
             | 
             | I respect that it's a challenge, but job seekers aren't
             | responsible for solving Boeing's supply chain problems.
             | Either the job is important enough to draw people into it,
             | or it isn't.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | >but if you have a contract to sell parts to a company you
             | can't just increase your worker pay to whatever you want
             | and have it be sustainable.
             | 
             | Renegotiating a contract sounds more sustainable than not
             | having workers.
             | 
             | The bottom line is always that the pay to quality of life
             | at work is insufficient.
             | 
             | >Nobody wants to stand in front of a machine (or 5-6
             | machines) for 10 hours a day. Nobody wants to be in a 90
             | degree factory all day. Nobody wants to work 2nd or 3rd
             | shifts.
             | 
             | >The pay isn't incredible. $25-30/hr. You get overtime.
             | 
             | For this much, there are lots of office jobs in front of a
             | computer with zero risk of injury where you can sit. And
             | overtime is not worth much if you do not get to enjoy life
             | outside of work.
        
             | peruvian wrote:
             | Your current pay rate isn't working -- who cares what other
             | jobs pay in comparison? Pay $10-15 more an hour and you
             | will see more applicants.
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | You can't do that in a union shop. You have to increase
               | everyone's pay and there isn't money for that.
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | > if you have a contract to sell parts to a company you
             | can't just increase your worker pay to whatever you want
             | and have it be sustainable.
             | 
             | Fire whoever quoted the job such that the contract doesn't
             | pay enough to hire workers to fulfill the contract. They
             | are worse than useless.
        
             | jbigelow76 wrote:
             | _There 's not that many jobs that pay that much around
             | here._
             | 
             | But that doesn't answer the question. If you can't get
             | people to apply for a physically demanding job, despite
             | other benefits like stability, unionization, etc, at
             | $25-30/hr then it seems rational to try $35-40/hr unless
             | the need really isn't there. We've been living with so much
             | inflation relative to such little wage growth that if I was
             | told things are more expensive because machinists want a
             | wage they can use to buy a house with I would still chafe
             | at the inflation but the justification would be a lot more
             | palatable than "the board raised the prices and did a stock
             | buyback with the profits".
        
             | rcme wrote:
             | > There's not that many jobs that pay that much around
             | here.
             | 
             | Hiring movers to pack your stuff and move it across the
             | country costs a few thousand dollars, and it's never been
             | easier to rent an apartment via online showings. Your
             | competition is a lot broader than your immediate geographic
             | area.
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | You can't use that argument because uprooting people blah
               | blah
               | 
               | The funny part is fifty years ago people were moving to
               | the area to work here.
        
               | t-writescode wrote:
               | This is a few thousand dollars when something like half
               | the nation can't afford a $500 surprise bill, right?
        
               | tayo42 wrote:
               | The target worker in this case is people in Gen z?
               | They're young out of school and own nothing. It doesn't
               | cost anything to move in that case. I moved across the
               | country with a suit case. My only cost was the plane
               | ticket
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | So that didn't cost you nothing then. Then what did you
               | do when you got off the plane? Presumably you paid a
               | security deposit for an apartment and didn't just camp on
               | BLM land. For someone with no credit history, a landlord
               | might ask for 4 months rent as a deposit these days.
        
               | tayo42 wrote:
               | i moved into someones spare room
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | That's nice you found that, but oftentimes these
               | arrangements are not so easy to find or otherwise take
               | some time to line up.
        
               | notch656c wrote:
               | When I was working shit jobs for minimum wage in
               | Washington I hitchhiked to North Dakota's oil rush and
               | slept in a train yard. It literally cost me nothing.
               | 
               | When an able bodied, single, mentally competent and
               | healthy young person says they don't have enough money to
               | move across country it is actually code for "I have no
               | initiative so I will sit and cry like a pathetic child."
               | Meanwhile people are successfully walking across the
               | Darien gap and the Sonoran desert with entire families to
               | find success.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | You made it fine, and others who try and hitchhike
               | sometimes end up robbed, kidnapped, or worse. Don't blame
               | an entire generation for not doing something that you
               | know for a fact comes with a ton of risk.
        
               | notch656c wrote:
               | Making a significantly lower wage is probably more
               | dangerous in the long run than hitch-hiking a few trips
               | in a lifetime to relocate to higher wages. That is the
               | relative risk is likely actually negative.
        
               | floor2 wrote:
               | That much-repeated factoid is the result of sloppy,
               | clickbait reporting of a lousy survey.
               | 
               | People were asked "If you had a sudden $500 expense, how
               | would you pay for it?" with options like ["cash",
               | "checking account", "credit card", "pay-day loan",
               | "borrow from family"] and unsurprisingly many people said
               | "credit card". This then got repeated and reported as
               | "Americans can't pay $500 without going into debt".
        
               | Rapzid wrote:
               | Yeah, would like to see the source of that. My generation
               | puts everything on rewards cards even if they have no
               | debt; so of course $500 is going on a card first lol.
        
             | cgio wrote:
             | If you have a contract to sell parts then your incentive to
             | give higher salary would also be greater, given contracts
             | would have penalties for failure to deliver. The companies
             | are apparently in equilibrium with this situation, so
             | either shortsighted in management or complain because
             | effectively they want to pay less than they currently do.
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | It's not the pay that's the problem. if it was, people
               | that work at McDonald's or Walmart would be beating our
               | door down to double their salary
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | Does your company train unskilled workers? Or are
               | previous skills or credentials required?
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | McDonald's in my small 5k population town in Montana
               | (which has a bit of a reputation for shit wages) was
               | advertising $20/hr (might be $19 and I'm mentally
               | rounding up) last summer including paid leave. McDonalds
               | is nearly to your starting pay. The market has adjusted.
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | McDonalds has $11/hr on their signs here
               | 
               | https://www.indeed.com/m/viewjob?jk=4c142ca25712bc94&from
               | =se...
        
         | rco8786 wrote:
         | > You get overtime.
         | 
         | I think this comment represents a fundamental disconnect in
         | cultures. The days of people "wanting" overtime are kind of
         | gone. If I saw "overtime pay" on a job description all I am
         | seeing is "work long hours, never see your kids, no time for
         | hobbies, etc".
         | 
         | Maybe that translates to me "not wanting to work", but that's
         | the situation.
        
           | prottog wrote:
           | There's a similar disconnect in expectations of outcomes. The
           | same days when people "wanted" overtime were the days where
           | people expected to get ahead by busting their asses; sure,
           | you could work short hours, play with your kids, have time to
           | develop a hobby, but then you wouldn't become wealthy.
           | 
           | That option is still there today, to work only enough to
           | sustain oneself at a lowered standard. But it seems that
           | there is a part of the millennial/gen-Z culture that expects
           | ass-busting outcomes without the busting of the ass.
        
             | rco8786 wrote:
             | > ass-busting outcomes without the busting of the ass.
             | 
             | Perhaps. But one only needs to look up to the original post
             | to see that is not what we're talking about here. Busting
             | of the ass for $25-30/hr plus overtime...not exactly
             | getting wealthy here.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | I don't know where GP's old employer was located, but it
               | sounds like it's in a low cost-of-living area, the kind
               | where homes can be had for under $100k. Earn $50-60k a
               | year, pay off your house in maybe ten years instead of
               | thirty, save a little each month and invest and let it
               | compound over time; at the end you could have enough for
               | a comfortable retirement and maybe even have some left
               | over to hand down to your children.
               | 
               | It's not "fly to Paris on a whim"-level wealthy, but it
               | sounds like a life well lived to me. What is your
               | definition of wealthy?
        
               | rco8786 wrote:
               | Certainly nobody can reasonably conclude that "working
               | long hours to live a basic life in an extremely low cost
               | of living area" is "wealthy".
               | 
               | We can all agree that we have different definitions of
               | wealthy. But I think we can also all agree that your
               | description of that life, which is maybe "well-lived", is
               | not one of wealth in the context of this discussion. It
               | is certainly not an "ass-busting outcome".
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | OK, I grant that the life I described is perhaps not
               | aspirational for anybody born and raised in a first-world
               | country in the last 30 years or so. (I know many from
               | other backgrounds whose idea of unimaginable wealth is
               | exactly that.) But if it's not an ass-busting outcome,
               | would you say it's a middling outcome? Or the most
               | minimal outcome that anyone should have, regardless of
               | how hard they work?
               | 
               | What makes you say that this middle-class life where you
               | own your home free and clear and have time and money for
               | the occasional indulgences of life is a "basic" one? In
               | other words, why is your bar calibrated so high?
        
             | cwkoss wrote:
             | The ratio of power between labor and capital has swung hard
             | toward capital over the past 30 years.
             | 
             | I think the number of people who become "wealthy" due to
             | salary income alone is probably small and shrinking. You
             | used to be able to buy a house in 12 months instead of 18
             | months if you worked overtime. Todays economics make it so
             | working overtime lets you buy a house in 13 years instead
             | of 17 years.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | > You used to be able to buy a house in 12 months instead
               | of 18 months if you worked overtime. Todays economics
               | make it so working overtime lets you buy a house in 13
               | years instead of 17 years.
               | 
               | Actually, if 50 years ago you used to be able to pay for
               | a house in 18 months, today you should be able to pay for
               | a house in ~30 months:
               | https://www.longtermtrends.net/home-price-median-annual-
               | inco.... You're thinking of a time that didn't exist,
               | perhaps outside of when people were granted plots of land
               | and built their own houses on it.
               | 
               | Blame the Fed and idiotic policies at every level for
               | that, anyway; the economics of housing is totally skewed
               | by artificial scarcity on one hand and asset inflation on
               | the other.
               | 
               | I don't disagree that capital has more power now due to
               | the effects of technology, but I also believe that
               | culture has been shaping away from the idea that we are
               | masters of our fate; both due to technology, which
               | becomes increasingly harder for laypeople to understand
               | as it gets more advanced, and regulation forced by that
               | technological advance, where the universe of economic
               | activity one can engage in without needing the state's
               | permission is getting smaller and smaller. Not to mention
               | all the effects that social media has on envy.
               | 
               | Perhaps I sound like I'm repeating the age-old mantra of
               | the old complaining that the young are ruining the
               | country ;-) you decide.
        
               | ffwacom wrote:
               | Well the old installed the fed and regulated the housing
               | market. Will probably take violence to fix.
        
               | rco8786 wrote:
               | Sounds like you're blaming the fed and idiotic
               | policies...all of which were put in place by old people.
               | ;-)
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | Yeah, my napkin math is probably superlative. The biggest
               | factor is certainly housing - 1950s homes that cost $20k
               | would easily cost 50x that today with similar lot size,
               | layout and location. I think perspectives on what housing
               | is 'comparable' are pretty squishy.
               | 
               | Inflation only accounts for 12x since 1950.
               | 
               | I think "median' might be adding some error to your
               | analysis: I suspect skilled trades were probably earning
               | more relative to median in 1950 than today's skilled
               | trades earn relative to today's median. But wasn't able
               | to find good historical numbers with a quick search.
        
       | ManuelKiessling wrote:
       | One could argue that they HAVE caught quite well: if you consider
       | jobs like web development (opposed to, say, AI/ML development) as
       | a new skilled trade in a world that is becoming more digital.
        
         | cuteboy19 wrote:
         | Trade typically means manual work so even tech freelancing
         | won't count
        
       | dragonwriter wrote:
       | > America needs carpenters and plumbers. Try telling that to Gen
       | Z
       | 
       | Look, as long as we have a market economy, here's how you tell it
       | to Gen Z: raise the wages for carpenters and plumbers (and if
       | necessary shift some of that forward into subsidies and
       | incentives for people to _train_ as carpenters and plumbers)
       | until you get as many as you say you "need".
       | 
       | If America isn't willing to pay enough to get X carpenters and Y
       | plumbers, it doesn't "need" them.
       | 
       | Most "we need more blue collar labor" arguments trace back to
       | elites who want to retain more profit by paying less per unit
       | blue collar labor.
        
         | mfer wrote:
         | There is a psychology problem with skilled trades and younger
         | generates in the US.
         | 
         | I've known Gen Z folks who thinks it's better to work at a
         | sandwich shop or small restaurant than skilled trades. They
         | were raised up (through the schooling environment) to look down
         | on trades. Even if it pays them significantly more with better
         | benefits.
         | 
         | Many places in the US school system they only prepare people
         | for college. Schools do this in subtle ways like providing AP
         | courses while cutting hands on shop classes.
         | 
         | When it comes to subsidies... there are some trades areas where
         | you can be trained for free. The people are needed so the
         | training has already be made really easy. Sometimes it's on the
         | job training and you're paid well while you learn.
         | 
         | This is very much a cultural view of skilled trades.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > There is a psychology problem with skilled trades and
           | younger generates in the US.
           | 
           | People work preferences not being what you'd like may make
           | the cost of motivating them to behave the way you want higher
           | than you would like.
           | 
           | That's part of how market's work--you don't get to choose
           | other people's utilitt function. If you "need" for them to
           | act in a particular way, that means you need to offer them a
           | sufficient incentive to do so _given their actual utility
           | function_ , not the utility function you wish they were
           | operating under.
           | 
           | > I've known Gen Z folks who thinks it's better to work at a
           | sandwich shop or small restaurant than skilled trades.
           | 
           | Yes, some people's subjective preferences aren't yours or
           | those that would be most convenient for your preferred
           | outcomes.
           | 
           | > This is very much a cultural view of skilled trades.
           | 
           | "Cultural view" is just another way of saying "subjective
           | preference", and, yes, that's how utility functions work.
           | 
           | Blame whatever you want, Gen Z is mostly a little late for
           | changes to parenting or schooling policies, even if one had a
           | set in mind and the power to wish it into being, to shift
           | this much, so, the bottom line still is, if you want to "tell
           | Gen Z" about your perceived "need" for more tradespeople, you
           | need to do it through sufficient incentives giving their
           | actual values and preferences.
        
         | waynesonfire wrote:
         | I don't understand who is getting paid $24 an hour when I paid
         | over $125 per hour to get a sub-panel installed.
         | 
         | Could it be that after starting their own company, they found
         | it difficult to hire additional journeymen at the rate of $24
         | per hour which they themselves had previously earned as a
         | journeyman?
         | 
         | When everyone can get $125 an hour, there is suddenly a
         | shortage of cheap labor! Big surprise.
        
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