[HN Gopher] Fourth membrane is discovered in the brain
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       Fourth membrane is discovered in the brain
        
       Author : atombender
       Score  : 89 points
       Date   : 2023-01-06 19:28 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | atombender wrote:
       | Here [1] is a New Scientist article about it. The tl;dr is:
       | 
       | > A new anatomical structure has been discovered that is part of
       | the brain's waste disposal system. The tissue is a thin membrane
       | encasing the brain that keeps newly made cerebrospinal fluid -
       | which circulates inside the brain - separate from "dirty" fluid
       | containing cells' waste products.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.newscientist.com/article/2353622-weve-just-
       | disco...
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | erk__ wrote:
       | A interesting factoid about this paper is that the first author
       | Kjeld Mollgard, is a 80 year old former rector of University of
       | Copenhagen. The Danish articles about that have been highlighting
       | that, and that he now have to change what he is teaching after 50
       | years.
        
         | Eduard wrote:
         | "factoid" is an incorrect fact.
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factoid
        
           | marginalia_nu wrote:
           | From the first sentence in the article you're linking:
           | 
           | [...] or a true but brief or trivial item of news or
           | information.
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | That link also mentions that it's used to refer to a brief or
           | trivial true fact.
        
         | hirenj wrote:
         | He's at my department at the Uni (well up until he retired),
         | and the crazy thing is he's been employed at the Uni for his
         | whole adult life, since starting as a student helper at around
         | 18.
        
       | Heechee wrote:
       | The text was a bit hard to understand, so I asked for ChatGPT's
       | help:
       | 
       | I apologize if the information was difficult to understand.
       | Meninges are the layers of tissue that surround and protect the
       | brain and spinal cord. There are three main meningeal layers: the
       | dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The dura mater is the
       | outermost layer and is tough and protective. The arachnoid mater
       | is the middle layer and is thin and web-like. The pia mater is
       | the innermost layer and is thin and closely adheres to the
       | surface of the brain and spinal cord.
       | 
       | Mollgard et al. have discovered a fourth layer of meningeal
       | tissue, called the subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane (SLYM),
       | that is located between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.
       | SLYM is a barrier that separates the subarachnoid space (the
       | space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater) into two
       | compartments and contains immune cells called myeloid cells. This
       | layer may be involved in immune surveillance in the cerebrospinal
       | fluid and in the exchange of small solutes between the
       | cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood. This discovery provides new
       | insights into the function of the meninges and the immune system
       | in the brain. Is there anything else I can help with?
        
         | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
         | Given that ChatGPT will lie with absolute conviction I don't
         | think we should make a habit of posting article summaries it
         | generates.
        
         | 2snakes wrote:
         | What were your "search terms" when asking ChatGPT?
        
       | lanstin wrote:
       | More proof of where on the path of a mechanistic explanation of
       | the brain, finding a whole new compartmentalization makes it seem
       | like "not that far."
       | 
       | Biology always seems like the work of a mad hacker with no code
       | reviews for a billion years.
        
         | electrondood wrote:
         | Biology to me seems like the work of a billion years of
         | iterations in an evolutionary neural network.
         | 
         | If the human body were a codebase, there's no way in hell it
         | would work so well if it were the product of any other process.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | > mad hacker
         | 
         | You might even say they were "insane in the membrane".
         | 
         | Thanks everyone, enjoy the veal!
        
           | NetOpWibby wrote:
           | INSANE IN THE BRAIN
        
           | gremlinsinc wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
         | nh23423fefe wrote:
         | Is this skepticism of the existence of a mechanistic
         | explanation or just commentary on progress?
        
         | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | bregma wrote:
         | Not sure how a membrane that surrounds the brain is part of a
         | mechanistic explanation of the brain (by which I assume you
         | mean the mind). This seems to serve more of a CSF (cerebro-
         | spinal fluid) filter function.
        
           | jchanimal wrote:
           | Maybe substitute "physicalistic" (as opposed to
           | computational) for "mechanistic". I think there is something
           | to the idea that physical layout could be tuned to use
           | various waves (electromagnetic, fluid pressure, etc) for
           | signaling. So it may not all be axons and dendrites, it might
           | also work like a big capacitor / resonator, transmitting
           | macro information through every worthwhile sidechannel. Who's
           | to say all those side-channels are known to current science?
        
             | eurasiantiger wrote:
             | For all we know, we could have an interited quantum-
             | coherent base pair linking us to all other living entities.
        
         | canadianfella wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | unsupp0rted wrote:
       | > SLYM is immunophenotypically distinct from the other meningeal
       | layers in the human and mouse brain and represents a tight
       | barrier for solutes of more than 3 kilodaltons, effectively
       | subdividing the subarachnoid space into two different
       | compartments. SLYM is the host for a large population of myeloid
       | cells, the number of which increases in response to inflammation
       | and aging, so this layer represents an innate immune niche
       | ideally positioned to surveil the cerebrospinal fluid.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | I learned a whole bunch of new words from you, thank you.
         | 
         | may you please unpack this sentence, as I dont know exactly it
         | means:
         | 
         | > _ideally positioned to surveil the cerebrospinal fluid._
        
           | hirenj wrote:
           | The immune system needs to sample and test whatever is in the
           | cerebrospinal fluid so that it knows when to activate.
        
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