[HN Gopher] The Aral Sea has shrunk because of the re-routing of...
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       The Aral Sea has shrunk because of the re-routing of its source
       rivers (2022)
        
       Author : freediver
       Score  : 49 points
       Date   : 2023-01-07 19:04 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.marineinsight.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.marineinsight.com)
        
       | vbezhenar wrote:
       | It's not clear whether it was because of re-routing. It used to
       | shrink in the past. Might just be some nature cycle.
        
       | ryankshaw wrote:
       | The same is going to happen to the (once) Great Salt Lake. It's
       | going to be a disaster, the vast majority of the population of
       | Utah lives along the Wasatch Front nextdoor and downwind from it,
       | and all the heavy metals and toxic chemicals that are stably
       | suspended in it from the Kennecott copper mine and the old Geneva
       | Steel mills are going to turn into dust and go straight into
       | their lungs. There's going to be a ton of cancer just like all
       | the towns along the shores of the dried up Aral Sea
        
         | madaxe_again wrote:
         | I've been to a few of said towns - Aralsk is the most notable.
         | 
         | It's a forsaken place. Never mind the port machinery swinging
         | idly in the hot, dusty breeze, suspended over toxic sludge
         | where a sea once lapped its shores - the human disaster there
         | is palpable. There's no industry, no work, no future. People
         | sit, and wait. The North Korean friendship centre hands out
         | packages of household supplies on a dusty square full of dead
         | trees. The place is half abandoned, and the people who remain -
         | well, they're abandoned too.
         | 
         | It's hard to describe the heaviness that sat over the place -
         | it's oppressive, a feeling of inexorable doom.
         | 
         | It's unlikely these places will exist in the not too distant
         | future. They existed on the brink, and the brink is long gone,
         | and they are in freefall.
        
         | LarryMullins wrote:
         | While as far as I can tell the Great Salt Lake's level is
         | presently _severely_ low due to human actions, reconstructions
         | of the historic level of the lake from tree ring analysis shows
         | that the lake 's natural level fluctuates substantially even
         | when humans aren't doing anything to it. So even if water
         | diversions stopped, the GSL area would still have a long-term
         | problem on their hands. The toxic lake bed will get exposed one
         | way or the other, if not through the actions of men then
         | through natural fluctuations. Given that the lakebed is already
         | contaminated and there's no way to fix that, the best solution
         | is to live someplace else.
         | 
         | > _For example, the driest (wettest) year on record, 1581
         | (1464) occurred many centuries ago and was substantially larger
         | in magnitude than the historical record. At lower frequencies,
         | the GSL lake-level reconstruction revealed large, multi-year
         | reductions in lake levels from 1580-1600, in the 1630s, and
         | from 1700-1710 that in each case were at least as severe as the
         | known lake-level minima during the drought of the 1930s and
         | 2000-2001 (Figure 3)._
         | 
         | https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/46447
         | 
         | Incidentally, the "many centuries ago" framing is revealing of
         | a general attitude I've noticed from Americans, particularly
         | Americans living in the western half of the country. They think
         | "several centuries" is essentially an eternity because in their
         | region, several centuries ago is before recorded history. And
         | in a sense, for an individual human planning their life,
         | several centuries may as well be an eternity. But for _city_
         | planning, an environmental problem that 's likely to be
         | disastrous for the city every few hundred years should be
         | considered a severe threat. That sort of circumstance makes for
         | a city that won't survive the test of time.
         | 
         | Another example of this sort of short-term thinking is water
         | levels in California. According to tree stump analysis,
         | California has been unusually wet since America acquired the
         | land; this luck will not last. California had, and will have
         | again, droughts which are far more severe than any Californian
         | drought in living memory. Californian communities should be
         | planning to deal with such severe droughts, but many
         | Californians seem to prefer believing that they can somehow
         | stabilize the Californian climate to always be the way it was
         | when they were kids.
        
           | ilammy wrote:
           | > _Incidentally, the "many centuries ago" framing is
           | revealing of a general attitude I've noticed from Americans_
           | 
           | They don't say "in Europe 100 miles is a long way, in America
           | 100 years is a long time" for nothing.
           | 
           | 100 years ago WW1 just finished. 200 years ago saw a peak of
           | slave imports into US. 300 years ago thirteen colonies just
           | finished forming. 400 years ago colonization just started.
           | 500 years ago Columbus' expeditions were still news.
           | 
           | Not to say that nothing happened in Europe in the meantime
           | lol, but this sets a perspective quite well. "100 years ago"
           | _is_ effectively "eternity" for an individual human. Only
           | societies can retain memories at that scale.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | All of this is valid, but that doesn't mean humans aren't
           | making it worse than it needs to be. "It fluctuates anyway"
           | is a common talking point for those who want to deny the
           | effect of human activity.
        
             | LarryMullins wrote:
             | As I said: the Great Salt Lake's level is presently
             | _severely_ low due to human actions.
             | 
             | Long-term thinking is possible, and two example that comes
             | to mind are Tsunami Stones in Japan and Hunger Stones in
             | Europe. After disastrous Tsunamis, people in Japan would
             | sometimes inscribe rocks up on hills, warning people not to
             | live near the water lower than the rock. And during severe
             | droughts in Europe, large stones exposed in dry rivers
             | would sometimes be inscribed with warning about famine; _"
             | If you see me, cry"_
             | 
             | Some of those stones are several hundred years old.
             | America, particularly the western half, is substantially
             | younger than many of these warning stones; the cultures
             | inhabiting these regions today simply don't have much
             | experience dealing with all the scenarios the land has to
             | offer.
        
         | avgcorrection wrote:
         | That's terrible.
         | 
         | Is the primary reason overconsumption from farming (70% of the
         | consumption according to Yahoo News)? If so then I guess they
         | could import more agricultural products. That's easier than
         | having most of the residents use less water.
         | 
         | But another problem might be: where would the food come from?
         | California also has a drought problem. I don't know.
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | It's not the first time this has happened in the United States:
         | 
         | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owens_Lake
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | It's not even the first time it's happened to the Aral Sea.
           | 
           | https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1kz4ggd.10
        
         | nickt wrote:
         | Indeed. Here's a discussion from yesterday for those who may
         | have missed it:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34276519
        
         | John23832 wrote:
         | And it's sad, because it can all be averted. A modern day Dust
         | Bowl.
        
       | freediver wrote:
       | Aral Sea: The sea that dried up in 40 years
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5N-_69cWyKo
       | 
       | The Story of the Aral Sea's Disappearance
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsUYt9tlsos
        
       | sitkack wrote:
       | The _same_ thing is happening to California 's Central Valley.
       | 
       | https://phys.org/news/2022-12-depletion-groundwater-californ...
        
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       (page generated 2023-01-07 23:00 UTC)