[HN Gopher] Twitter showed us its algorithm - what does it tell us?
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       Twitter showed us its algorithm - what does it tell us?
        
       Author : randomwalker
       Score  : 83 points
       Date   : 2023-04-11 00:39 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (knightcolumbia.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (knightcolumbia.org)
        
       | mountainofdeath wrote:
       | Given what has been open sourced so far, it makes sense that
       | content that is likely to be controversial, or content that
       | generates neutral to negative engagement would have a smaller
       | probability of being displayed.
       | 
       | I suspected this and told my far-right/left wing acquaintances,
       | that no, Twitter (and Facebook too) isn't suppressing you, your
       | content is just a net-negative from the platform's perspective.
       | The platform is in the business of keeping the bulk of its users
       | and advertisers happy.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | When people talk about suppression do they mean that their own
         | tweets are suppressed, or the tweets of people they follow are?
         | Or tweets from news organizations are, depending on their
         | content?
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | The evidence is abundant for active suppression of certain
         | political views beyond just predicted engagement. No clue about
         | Twitter's algo, but Facebook certainly does this.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | Can you, uh, share that abundant evidence?
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | Clear-cut example #1, which you might consider "flipping
             | switches" more than part of the algo is the suppression of
             | posting about Hunter Biden/laptop on Twitter.
             | 
             | Instagram also downweights posts about Biden passing 1994
             | crime bill. [0]
             | 
             | [0]:
             | https://twitter.com/perma___ben/status/1339293381625864195
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Do you have something substantive? IE, evidence that
               | there is a systemic, large-scale policy being applied?
               | Anyway, it looks like they outsource their fact checking
               | and applied a fact check. The fact check is extensively
               | documented here: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/fact
               | check/2020/07/03/fac...
               | 
               | I'm a bit tired of the "aggrieved people claiming
               | censorship" over small potatoes that often turns out to
               | be "the company applied their policy uniformly"
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | Tweets with hashtags and links do worse.
       | 
       | It would seem anti-woke tweets do very well. I see such tweets a
       | lot when logged out.
       | 
       | Replying to an account with an unverified account is
       | automatically collapsed. Only twitter blue accounts get to post
       | replies in comments and not have those comments be collapsed.
       | They can also post replies to their own tweets without the
       | replies being collapsed.
        
       | simplotek wrote:
       | I was disappointed by this article and how it omitted the fact
       | that Twitter hardcoded how references to Russia's invasion of
       | Ukraine should be downranked.
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35410841
        
         | theteapot wrote:
         | That HN artcile is "[flagged]". Reading the comments I think
         | it's because there is no analysis of what "UkraineCrisisTopic"
         | actually means or does? Author seems to just grep code base for
         | "Ukraine" then draw what conclusion fits narrative.
        
           | ROTMetro wrote:
           | Versus the push that we should draw the conclusion that it's
           | a nothing burger? It definitely highlights that Twitter is
           | happy to categorize and treat Ukrainian content differently
           | which is insightful to know.
        
         | matthew9219 wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | If I had to guess it's because it gets poor engagement and
         | would crowd out other topics due to the popularity of the
         | topic.
        
           | simplotek wrote:
           | If that was remotely true then why wouldn't the topic be
           | handled at the training level? Instead, Twitter is censoring
           | references to Russia's invasion of Ukraine through the same
           | mechanism used to kill DMCA violations. This is not an
           | approach motivated by "engagement".
        
             | xwdv wrote:
             | Training is a waste of time when you know exactly what you
             | want to block.
        
             | hathawsh wrote:
             | HN did the same thing with Bitcoin when it was soaring in
             | value. I remember the front page felt like it was 90%
             | Bitcoin. I was grateful that HN added an exception,
             | bringing the discussion back into balance.
        
         | GenerocUsername wrote:
         | I don't know when this dataset was published from, but there
         | was def a time when Ukraine news was beyond saturation.
        
           | madeofpalk wrote:
           | It's the sort of thing I would expect on a highly opinionated
           | Hacker News (iirc like how posts about Apple have a penalty
           | applied to them to counteract massive usual interest in
           | them), but less so on something more general audience like
           | Twitter.
           | 
           | I'm not really looking to twitter to say "Actually, we've all
           | heard a bit too much about Tennis". I don't want Twitter's
           | timeline to have an editorial voice.
        
             | luckylion wrote:
             | If I recall correctly, Twitter has explicitly said before
             | that they do rank topics very differently because otherwise
             | Justin Bieber would be trending all day, every day.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | All social media algo timelines have an editorial voice.
             | Otherwise, you would exclusively be seeing engagement bait.
        
               | simplotek wrote:
               | > All social media algo timelines have an editorial
               | voice.
               | 
               | Sorry, that's a bullshit excuse. Russia's invasion of
               | Ukraine was hardcoded to be downranked like DMCA
               | violations and high toxicity content.
               | 
               | This has zero do to with "editorial voice" or other
               | bullshit excuse. This was a blatant attempt to smuther
               | any reference on what Russia is doing to Ukraine.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I was simply responding to the comment that was made.
        
           | phailhaus wrote:
           | Because if he's going to claim to be the internet's town
           | square, he can't pick and choose topics that he's personally
           | 'tired of'.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | btilly wrote:
       | Anyone who is interested should also read
       | https://twitter.com/aakashg0/status/1641976869460275201 for a
       | rather different take.
       | 
       | It particularly interested me that Twitter under Musk is trying
       | NOT to discuss Ukraine, and PENALIZES people who attempt to
       | interact with those outside of their general political circle. I
       | can give arguments for why they should do both, but I think both
       | are ultimately bad ideas.
        
         | simplotek wrote:
         | > It particularly interested me that Twitter under Musk is
         | trying NOT to discuss Ukraine, and PENALIZES people who attempt
         | to interact with those outside of their general political
         | circle.
         | 
         | While Musk's Twitter explicitly censors references to Russia's
         | genocide of Ukraine, Musk himself feigns ignorance and false
         | indignation accusing the "western press" of insisting "on
         | pushing such a lopsided view of the conflict".
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/VsimPohuy/status/1645699649003569152?t=v...
        
         | hathawsh wrote:
         | From your link (thanks!):
         | 
         | > 9. Making up words or misspelling hurts
         | 
         | > Words that are identified as "unknown language" are given
         | 0.01, which is a huge penalty.
         | 
         | Does that mean if I tweet about coding and use identifiers like
         | "setUserName", which is not an English word, the tweet gets a
         | huge penalty? If so, that's disappointing.
        
           | strken wrote:
           | That jumped out at me as a possible misreading of the code.
           | Is it detecting the language of the whole tweet, or just a
           | word as the author claims?
           | 
           | Demoting a tweet that's entirely unidentifiable as any human
           | language seems fair enough.
        
             | giraffe_lady wrote:
             | Man if someone asked me to build a system to merely
             | identify whether a unicode string is human language or not
             | I would flatly refuse. There are thousands of spoken
             | languages, many of them with no standard written form, some
             | that are transcribed into multiple different writing
             | systems, some with no writing tradition at all and with
             | only ad-hoc transliteration unique to each user and use.
             | 
             | Even being 90% confident would be a massive undertaking,
             | and "speakers of this language may/may not use the
             | internet" feels like high stakes for getting it wrong.
             | 
             | It seems a little niche but I'm sure a few times a year
             | some far out town gets connected and suddenly there are
             | speakers of a previously unknown-to-the-internet language
             | newly online.
        
               | iudqnolq wrote:
               | Note that the metric here is "is the tweet in one of the
               | languages spoken by the user". This hypothetically allows
               | more nuanced implementations than you contemplate.
               | 
               | For example, they could have a language "unrecognized"
               | and assume everyone speaks it.
               | 
               | I broadly find this useful: I see tweets in other
               | languages when they're retweeted by people I follow, and
               | about half the time I machine translate them. But I don't
               | want my whole feed to be that.
        
               | thrashh wrote:
               | Well if someone asked me to do that, I would suggest that
               | it'd be based off their recent tweet history and not just
               | one tweet. And I would make my case in the meeting.
               | 
               | Second, it's already been done so my next suggestion
               | would be to look what at all the computational linguistic
               | majors have been up to.
        
           | giraffe_lady wrote:
           | Yeah that struck me too. I can see the reasons why you'd want
           | it but the collateral damage on that must be huge.
           | 
           | For example do they check for the common but nonstandard
           | transliteration systems arabic speakers use? There have to be
           | similar systems in other languages that don't use the roman
           | or cyrillic alphabets too right?
           | 
           | Or for that matter what about languages twitter simply isn't
           | aware of? There are thousands with native speakers after all,
           | does this make it basically impossible for them to
           | organically use twitter together?
        
             | Mezzie wrote:
             | Also RIP the Conlang community on Twitter...
        
           | stingraycharles wrote:
           | The actual code comment doesn't mention "words" but rather if
           | the "tweet language" isn't in one of the user's
           | "understandable" languages. As such, I assume your example is
           | perfectly fine (would be extremely surprising if it wasn't).
           | 
           | Whether the user implies the reader or author, I don't know,
           | I assume the reader as that would make most sense.
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/aakashg0/status/1641976943141699584?s=61.
           | ..
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | I was not at all impressed with the analysis in that thread. It
         | makes a bunch of assumptions that don't feel very thorough to
         | me, but announces them as if they are unimpeachable facts.
         | 
         | Biggest example is this one:
         | 
         | "9. Making up words or misspelling hurts - Words that are
         | identified as "unknown language" are given 0.01, which is a
         | huge penalty."
         | 
         | The code in the screenshot for that looks like this:
         | // Boost (demotion) if the tweet language is not one of user's
         | // understandable languages, nor interface language.
         | optional double unknownLanguageBoost = 0.01
         | 
         | That doesn't match the description of "Making up words or
         | misspelling hurts" at all!
        
           | LegitShady wrote:
           | input youtube thumbnail of cat in the hat enraged "DR SUESS
           | CANCELLED?! TWITTER WON'T COMMENT!" ragebait youtuber.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | The systemic racism people are going to go wild about this
        
         | randomwalker wrote:
         | OP here. Unfortunately this thread is mostly misinformation.
         | There were a bunch of viral threads from the growth hacker /
         | influencer crowd, including this one, within hours of the code
         | release with a very superficial understanding of the code (and
         | how recsys work in general). That's partly what motivated me to
         | write this article.
         | 
         | See here for a rebuttal of the main tweet in that thread (near
         | the bottom of the article).
         | https://solomonmg.github.io/post/twitter-the-algorithm/
        
           | ROTMetro wrote:
           | If this is for their Crisis Misinformation Policy why only
           | one specific callout and specifically directed to Ukraine?
           | Seems like a generous assumptions to make on your part that
           | it's a nothing burger. The takeaway we should go with is that
           | we now know that internally they are willing to
           | programatically segment out Ukraine related topics. The
           | question to me that this new knowledge should lead to is why
           | a policy to segmenting this? (not to call immediately jump to
           | 'nothing burger' or as you put it in the above post
           | 'misinformation').
        
         | wunderland wrote:
         | It's unclear if it penalizes discussion of Ukraine equally
         | though.
         | 
         | There have been many stories that have come to light in the
         | last few months. Merkel and Macron admitting the Minsk
         | agreements were used to buy time for CIA and British to arm
         | rebels since 2014 was big story. Large amounts of money the US
         | has supplied Ukraine and lack of oversight to where this is
         | going (the total US aid now surpasses Russia's entire military
         | budget per year). But this same poster (aakashg0) claims these
         | stories have been suppressed, even though they would be counter
         | to dominant narrative in western media.
         | 
         | I think algorithmic moderation on a particular topic is hard;
         | you still need someone in there boosting the stories you want
         | people to read and downplaying the stories you don't.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | Tell us more, who are the "rebels" in this story and what
           | arms did Merkel send?
           | 
           | (Is this what news in the PRC feel like?)
        
             | wunderland wrote:
             | The rebels are right-wing paramilitary groups. And Germany
             | didn't send any weapons during 2014-2022, but she said in a
             | Der Spiegel interview from Oct 2022 that during the Minsk
             | negotiations, it became clear that the US' objective was to
             | buy time to secretly arm Ukraine (which is newsworthy
             | because this would imply a violation of the Minsk
             | agreement).
        
               | stefan_ wrote:
               | So in a year the US has sent more than Russia's yearly
               | defence budget, yet Minsk (which one, even?) was needed
               | to secretly (what was secret?) arm the Ukraine over 8
               | years? Who are the "right-wing paramilitary groups" and
               | if they are Ukraine, since this is who you are alleging
               | is being armed, why are they rebels if they are
               | government-aligned?
        
               | wunderland wrote:
               | This is all very easy stuff for you to verify for
               | yourself and wasn't the original point of my top comment
               | (which was that these stories are hard to suppress
               | without manual effort-- although apparently many
               | Americans are unaware).
               | 
               | But to be clear, the US was funding Ukrainian rebel
               | groups (right-wing paramilitary organizations) 2014-2022
               | but through clandestine means. This is much more
               | difficult to do without the support of congress because
               | the support has to be indirect -- the funding has to be
               | off-the-books -- because this was a violation of the
               | Minsk agreement.
               | 
               | Since 2022, the floodgates have opened and the US is now
               | openly sending money and weapons systems, now totaling
               | over $100B since the Russian invasion. The Russian
               | Defence budget is estimated to be $70-80B per year.
        
               | Fauntleroy wrote:
               | The gigantic key factor in all this that you're leaving
               | out is that Ukraine is defending itself against a full-on
               | invasion by a hostile neighbor.
        
           | matthewdgreen wrote:
           | I mean, the fact that the Ukraine re-armed itself after
           | Russia invaded their territory isn't news, is it? I think it
           | was reported on pretty substantially. And a good thing too
           | since they were invaded a second time, this time with a
           | strike towards their capital. I sort of assumed that was
           | obvious public knowledge and don't understand why people are
           | making it into a "story."
        
       | jawns wrote:
       | I would assume that if "probability that other users will
       | positively engage with a tweet" is the primary determiner of
       | reach, then the more you can help Twitter accurately predict that
       | probability, the better, because otherwise the default
       | probability is likely no higher than middle-of-the-pack.
       | 
       | If that assumption holds, then I would guess this type of
       | algorithm favors consistency of content. In other words, someone
       | who picks a certain topic and consistently tweets only about that
       | topic is going to be easier to form predictions around versus
       | someone whose tweets show much more variety, in topics, styles,
       | etc.
       | 
       | What that might mean, from a "gaming the system" point of view,
       | is that if you're a person who intends to primarily tweet about
       | two or three disparate things, you might be better off creating a
       | separate account for each, rather than a single account where
       | engagement is harder to predict.
        
         | gregbander wrote:
         | As the article calls out, the code is right there. Post your
         | results of tests, not knee jerk conjecture. Wrong opinions are
         | a dime a dozen.
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | It's probably less this and more "if you only talk about one
         | topic, then when we show your posts to similar users, they are
         | more likely to like it"
        
         | just_boost_it wrote:
         | That doesn't really make sense because most big accounts tweet
         | about a range of topics. There's pretty well established ways
         | for estimating the probability based on how the range of topics
         | you might tweet about would match with the range of topics a
         | user likes. That means you have to try and figure out what your
         | base likes to see, and be like that. Tweeting about only a
         | single topic means that you're only targeting people who are
         | likely to like tweets from accounts that tweet about that one
         | topic.
        
           | teruakohatu wrote:
           | > That doesn't really make sense because most big twitter
           | accounts tweet about a range of topics.
           | 
           | People engage with celebrities on everything. If an A list
           | celeb announces they enjoy a slice of lemon in hot water,
           | twenty news articles will be published around the world.
        
         | delecti wrote:
         | Incidentally, those same conditions seems to apply to other
         | sites. Lots of Youtubers have multiple channels (a main
         | channel, a livestream channel, a shorts channel).
        
           | netcraft wrote:
           | I've thought many times over the years that I would love to
           | be able to subscribe to a particular playlist or "show" from
           | a channel. There is several channels that I want to see their
           | main stuff, but not their side content. Or a particular game
           | from a lets-play-er, but not their other games.
        
             | delecti wrote:
             | Surprisingly Youtube did have that functionality, though it
             | was removed quite a while ago. I specifically remembering
             | being able to subscribe to "Is It A Good Idea To Microwave
             | This?" (in the late '2000s time range), without also
             | subscribing to the other videos on the channel.
        
             | suddenclarity wrote:
             | Pitch meetings and Ars Technicas interviews about old games
             | come to mind. Fortunately, pitch meetings got his own
             | channel last year.
        
           | thrashh wrote:
           | I don't think it's only helpful to the algorithm. It's also
           | helpful for me as a subscriber.
           | 
           | If I want to watch episodes of Breaking Bad, I don't want you
           | to randomly throw in episodes or M*A*S*H (even though both
           | are good).
        
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       (page generated 2023-04-11 23:00 UTC)