[HN Gopher] Submarine missing near Titanic used a $30 Logitech g...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Submarine missing near Titanic used a $30 Logitech gamepad for
       steering
        
       Author : isaacfrond
       Score  : 126 points
       Date   : 2023-06-20 17:50 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | There's a BBC documentary from last year which I just watched:
       | 
       | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0fpz9zw
       | 
       | and honestly a lot of it seems quite amateur hour. One of the
       | steering motors was fitted backwards. When they discovered this,
       | at the bottom of the ocean and a few hundred feet from Titanic,
       | the solution they used was to hold the gamepad at right angles to
       | compensate. That time they proceeded with the tour and made it
       | back, but I can see how things could have gone a lot more wrong.
        
         | CryptoBanker wrote:
         | The founder/CEO has said that he hasn't been on a single trip
         | where everything went to plan...
        
           | jmount wrote:
           | Wow, everything working should be the goal- not a mere nice
           | to have.
        
             | TX81Z wrote:
             | Stop being such a nerd! There's an old boat in the water
             | that sank because of hubris, let's go see what we can
             | learn!
             | 
             | (Lesson learned the hard way)
        
           | medellin wrote:
           | This is what happens when you take the move fast and break
           | things culture to anything where people die when things
           | break. Really just sad and so stupid.
        
         | proggy wrote:
         | It is simply unbelievable that the company was even able to get
         | to the point of diving to such depths with humans aboard. If
         | they had encountered a program-destroying but non-catastrophic
         | failure earlier on, it is possible we wouldn't be looking at
         | one of the many horrific outcomes that this incident will
         | likely resolve to.
         | 
         | Looking at the accounts reported to date, the OceanGate
         | engineering culture was basically non-existent. Their test
         | program was extremely lightweight to say the least, and the
         | results that came back from what little hull testing they did
         | do were ignored, resulting in the dismissal of an internal
         | whistleblower [1]. We also learned that there were flammable
         | materials within the pressure vessel, no practical contingency
         | plan to speak of, no emergency beacon fitted, the list goes on.
         | The whole thing was just cobbled together, not fully thought
         | out or vetted, and yet the intent was to journey to one of the
         | most unforgiving environments imaginable.
         | 
         | But getting back to the account of the reversed motor above --
         | it is one of the purest examples I can now think of where life
         | imitates art. Piloting a stolen (but seaworthy) deep-sea
         | submersible to the wreckage of the Titanic -- that was only
         | able to make right-hand turns due to a "sub club" anti-theft
         | device -- was a major plot point in the pilot episode of the TV
         | series "Pinky and the Brain". Narf.
         | 
         | [1] https://newrepublic.com/post/173802/missing-titanic-sub-
         | face...
        
         | gsanderson wrote:
         | Ah, I remember watching that travel show episode. It takes on a
         | whole new perspective now.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | How do you not test this at the bottom of a harbor rather than
         | in prod.
        
           | TX81Z wrote:
           | To quote bill oreilly, "Fuck it! We'll do it live!"
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | The German publication Der Spiegel has an interview up with a
         | tourist who visited the _Titanic_ on the same vessel.
        
       | sabujp wrote:
       | My kids play with these controllers a few times a week, the
       | latency is horrible and it's easy to accidentally hit the mode
       | button which causes directional control to shift from the left
       | joystick to the directional pad. The user can also switching
       | between d and x mode and that would also cause the controller to
       | stop working.
        
       | J_cst wrote:
       | My 11yo son asked me why they did not connect a buoy to the
       | submarine with a string. Lol
        
         | parshimers wrote:
         | don't they do this with crab pots? i'm not sure how far those
         | go down though.
        
           | BrentOzar wrote:
           | > don't they do this with crab pots? i'm not sure how far
           | those go down though.
           | 
           | Looks like at most, about half a mile: https://en.wikipedia.o
           | rg/wiki/Alaskan_king_crab_fishing#Equi...
        
         | HL33tibCe7 wrote:
         | I guess perhaps there'd be a risk of the string getting tangled
         | in the wreckage of the Titanic.
         | 
         | But then surely you could just cut the rope and free the
         | vessel.
         | 
         | I think your son is onto something!
        
         | orangepurple wrote:
         | Do the math exercise with him for how much volume 2 miles of
         | string takes up
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | madaxe_again wrote:
           | You're aware of ROVs? They usually communicate with an
           | umbilical, which is considerably fatter than a piece of
           | string. It's deployed from the surface vessel, not from the
           | ROV. The same could just as easily apply.
        
           | rhyst wrote:
           | Using 9mm diameter semi static climbing rope as an example.
           | 
           | For volume: Volume of 4km of rope is 0.009^2 _3.14_ 4000 =
           | 1.02m^2 which seems like an amount that would fit on a large
           | spool on a ship.
           | 
           | For weight: rope itself weighs about 60g per meter so
           | 0.06*4000=230kg of rope. It has a breaking strength of 22kN,
           | which is roughly 2000kg static load. Given everything is
           | probably roughly neutrally buoyant seems like enough.
           | 
           | Not saying its practical but it seems like the actual
           | volume/weight of rope would not be a problem.
        
             | gcanyon wrote:
             | I haven't checked your math, but your volume should have a
             | ^3 on it, not a ^2
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | Seems doable to be honest--huge spools of undersea cables are
           | deployed on ships all the time.
           | 
           | A spool 20 feet wide has a circumference of ~60 feet, and 3
           | miles of cable is ~15,000 feet, so 250 loops around the
           | spool. Seems doable.
        
           | Flammy wrote:
           | Do the math for the weight of a string 2 miles long.
           | 
           | Then take a look at how much weight a string can hold up.
           | 
           | Then you're ready to be taking on space elevators
        
             | someweirdperson wrote:
             | > Do the math for the weight of a string 2 miles long.
             | 
             | There are materials that are a bit more dense and others a
             | bit less dense than water. It should be possible to craft a
             | string with a "weight" of zero, when submerged.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | flangola7 wrote:
             | Weight and mass are not the same.
        
         | jcrash wrote:
         | Good question!
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | srmarm wrote:
       | The US Navy uses an Xbox 360 controller in active service [0]
       | 
       | Mass market has a lot of R&D to leverage so it makes sense.
       | Nothing to say this is the cause of the fault and probably going
       | to be more reliable than something hand rolled.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.theverge.com/2017/9/19/16333376/us-navy-
       | military...
        
         | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
         | > Mass market has a lot of R&D to leverage so it makes sense.
         | Nothing to say this is the cause of the fault and probably
         | going to be more reliable than something hand rolled.
         | 
         | Consumer grade products aren't built to last, they are built to
         | be cheap so they can sell them to actual consumers
         | 
         | We all know how the military ends up using these consumer grade
         | products; lobbying, aka deep state corruption "if that happens
         | in a foreign country"
         | 
         | Hololens didn't find commercial success, yet ended up with the
         | military, soldiers weren't happy when it was time to use the
         | actual consumer grade product ;)
         | 
         | > 'The devices would have gotten us killed.'
         | 
         | https://www.theverge.com/2022/10/13/23402195/microsoft-us-ar...
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | > Consumer grade products aren't built to last, they are
           | built to be cheap so they can sell them to actual consumers
           | 
           | Video game gamepads are probably some of the most well
           | designed pieces of equipment I know of, with each part having
           | a guaranteed lifetime of clicks and/or swipes, and other such
           | details.
           | 
           | Video gamers are really obsessive over these details. It
           | wouldn't be surprising to me if the latest hall-effect sensor
           | joypads are the best durability in the world for thumbpads.
           | 
           | That being said: a cheap Logitech controller would be an old
           | potentiometer-based controller with far less durability. I'm
           | sure if I asked around, someone out there knows the
           | specifications and would know when to regularly replace that
           | gamepad after X-hours of use (and I'd expect X-hours to be in
           | excess of 1000 hours, maybe even 10,000+ hours, even for a
           | gamepad like that)
           | 
           | ----------
           | 
           | I think where video gamers are getting wow'd is that... they
           | weren't using like a brand-name controller here. $30 Logitech
           | is low-end. Video gamers know which controllers to rely upon.
           | 
           | Bottom of the barrel $30 Logitech is barely something I feel
           | good about giving to a friend during a gaming session, let
           | alone a life-or-death equipment choice for steering a
           | submarine. You get far more reliable, higher-quality gamepads
           | at the $50 or even $80 levels.
           | 
           | I don't think video gamers would be hating on these guys if
           | they used... I dunno... an 8bitdo + GuliKit Hall Effect
           | controller. We'd all be like "Oh yeah, that's quality stuff"
           | (the Bluetooth is unreliable but I assume some kind of wired
           | version is available somewhere...)
           | 
           | The top end joysticks used in video game tournaments for
           | maximum reliability are easily $200+.
        
           | kayodelycaon wrote:
           | > Consumer grade products aren't built to last, they are
           | built to be cheap so they can sell them to actual consumers
           | 
           | They are so cheap you can carry a lot of spares. Controllers
           | get pretty well abused by gamers, so they aren't exactly
           | fragile.
        
         | iepathos wrote:
         | xbox 360 controllers last only 6 months to a couple years with
         | various failures that don't matter when you're playing a video
         | game with them but can actually get you killed if they fail
         | when you're in deep ocean. These are not ok for controls in
         | vehicles where failure can mean everyone onboard dies. The navy
         | does not use these for critical system controls. They were
         | never built or tested for that.
        
           | holoduke wrote:
           | They do for drones. But plenty of spares available.
        
         | cpleppert wrote:
         | The Xbox controllers are used to control the periscope which is
         | not a safety critical device. Regardless, the navy uses wired
         | controllers and did extensive testing and verification. This
         | outfit didn't do anything like that; in one video with a
         | journalist the bluetooth controller was a 'feature' because
         | they could pass it around the sub.
        
           | EddieJLSH wrote:
           | US UAV/Drones use xbox controllers too
        
             | mey wrote:
             | There was video floating around of a machine gun turret
             | being remote controlled using the Valve Steamdeck in
             | Ukraine.
             | 
             | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/steam-deck-controls-a-
             | real...
             | 
             | Edit: consumer joysticks normally use potentiometers, which
             | aren't great for deadzones/drift. For things like dust
             | incursion reasons along it would make sense for any
             | industrial/military device to be using hall effect based
             | joysticks.
        
             | MSFT_Edging wrote:
             | Unmanned, if anything a controller failing will save some
             | lives.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Unmanned, and they have logic to autopilot in most cases.
        
         | mustacheemperor wrote:
         | Worth noting they use the controller to steer the periscope,
         | not the sub. A component failure there has a significantly
         | smaller risk to human life.
        
           | srmarm wrote:
           | Oh absolutely and probably with a manual backup too.
        
             | Frost1x wrote:
             | Or you know, another $30 controller or two. I know space is
             | limited but it shouldn't be too much to have a little
             | redundancy on controller systems.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > The US Navy uses an Xbox 360 controller in active service
         | 
         | To control periscopes ("photonics masts"), and some other
         | equipment, not for primary control of manned vehicles, that I
         | can find any indication of.
        
           | dataviz1000 wrote:
           | The YouTube channel SmarterEveryDay was invited to film on an
           | Ohio class nuclear submarine training in the Arctic. [0] You
           | can see how many of the system are mechanical and not
           | electronic in the demonstration especially the ballast
           | controls. Most if not all boats and ships can control the
           | throttle mechanically so if the boat loses its electronics
           | such as a wave smashing the windshield in, it is still
           | possible to control the rudder and throttles. I was very
           | surprised at the lack if mechanical controls on the
           | recreational submarine.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFJnWp1tAdU
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tredre3 wrote:
         | I personally believe using mass market makes sense. I don't
         | understand the criticism I've seen on this website for using
         | off the shelf controllers or camping lights (what do you
         | expect, an LED strip magically engineered by a large
         | aeronautics firm specifically for the sub? and what would that
         | change?).
         | 
         | That being said, the difference between a Microsoft controller
         | and a third party is that Microsoft very certainly did a tons
         | of reliability and durability testing on their controllers (and
         | it shows). You don't get that with a cheap third party. So I
         | can understand to a degree why people are questioning the
         | decision to not pay the extra 20 bucks and get microsoft gear.
        
           | Strom wrote:
           | Logitech has orders of magnitude more experience in
           | manufacturing peripherals than Microsoft. That said, Logitech
           | does make products in a wide price range and the low end
           | isn't competitive with their own high end.
        
             | DanHulton wrote:
             | "Low end" and "high end" in the gaming market doesn't
             | necessarily equate to "reliability," however. "Style" and
             | "customizability" are very high on the differentiators
             | between low/high for gaming peripherals, neither of which
             | are necessary on a sub.
             | 
             | The reviews for the controller (mentioned by name in the
             | article, so easy to look up) are generally great (4.2/5
             | with thousands of reviews), and the 1/2-star reviews are as
             | frequently about ergonomic issues as they are about
             | reliability. Every batch of controllers is going to have
             | some unreliable ones, so the fact that that doesn't stand
             | out as the common complaint dragging the reviews down says
             | something.
             | 
             | A lot of the rest of the choices for the sub sound sus, but
             | not bothering to splurge on a game controller that cycles
             | RGB is not worthy of a headline, IMO.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | It's not about having a RGB controller, it's the fact you
               | can get a COTS controller built for boats which is vastly
               | less likely to crap out unexpectedly due to say
               | condensation in an enclosed environment where people are
               | exhaling water vapor.
               | 
               | You might generally be fine, but many crash investigation
               | involved some cheap component failing as part of a longer
               | sequence. Ie something fails and humidity increases then
               | XYZ fails until eventually your margin of safety is gone
               | and everyone dies.
        
             | scns wrote:
             | Logitech has a lot of experience, i give you that. My MX518
             | lasted over 10 years, many other owners reported the same.
             | More recent products by them die often before five years of
             | use. Perverse incentives, news at 11. Sorry for the snark.
        
             | mh- wrote:
             | FWIW, I'd estimate that Microsoft has sold something like
             | 200 million Xbox controllers.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | To be fair, Microsoft also sold a _lot_ of Xboxes that
               | were misdesigned from a thermal perspective, and thus red
               | ringed themselves.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | The thermals weren't misdesigned exactly, but the solder
               | was below expected performance in several key attributes.
               | It is not the only product that got screwed by new
               | leadfree solder being not the best at the time.
        
             | mcpackieh wrote:
             | > _Logitech has orders of magnitude more experience in
             | manufacturing peripherals than Microsoft._
             | 
             | You know that saying that anybody can build a bridge, but
             | it takes an engineer to build a bridge that barely stands?
             | From what I've seen and heard, Logitech has used their
             | experience to make peripherals that barely last longer than
             | the warranty/return period.
             | 
             | FWIW my 22 year old optical intellimouse from Microsoft is
             | still going strong.
        
             | ThatPlayer wrote:
             | The article mentions that this gamepad was released in
             | 2010, but also it's just a slight iteration on Logitech's
             | Wireless RumblePad 2, a wireless version of the RumblePad 2
             | released around 2004.
             | 
             | The newer models just add X-input, change the button faces
             | from 1234 to ABXY, and made the wireless receiver smaller.
        
               | leni536 wrote:
               | I still have my rumblepad 2, it is a fine controller. Why
               | they would use wireless here is beyond me however.
        
               | ThatPlayer wrote:
               | Yeah, the wireless is not good. My initial thought on the
               | headline was Logitech's F310 controller which is wired
               | and missing rumble, but besides that basically identical.
        
             | laurent123456 wrote:
             | Even high end Logitech peripherals aren't exactly great. I
             | bought a Logitech wireless keyboard with backlighting a few
             | years ago. It was nice but there was some hardware bug and
             | when not in use the lights would be flashing all day and
             | night until the batteries run out [0]. I certainly hope
             | their gamepads are more energy efficient than that!
             | 
             | [0] https://old.reddit.com/r/LogitechG/comments/pt0fkp/logi
             | tech_...
        
           | twbarr wrote:
           | There's a middle ground between "hardware store crap" and
           | "custom." The aviation industry has plenty of standard
           | interior lighting and environmental control system that's
           | known not to light people on fire or short out or otherwise
           | fail and kill somebody.
           | 
           | https://www.collinsaerospace.com/what-we-
           | do/industries/busin...
           | 
           | These are still COTS products.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | BEEdwards wrote:
           | >Microsoft very certainly did a tons of reliability and
           | durability testing on their controllers (and it shows).
           | 
           | my xbox elite controller didn't even last a year (usb port
           | died)... now tbf the x button on the replacement razer
           | controller i got also died in the same time frame.
           | 
           | to be more fair though the wired xbox 360 controller i got
           | with my original xbox back in ~2007 has never let me down.
        
           | jki275 wrote:
           | Logitech is a "cheap third party"?
           | 
           | I like MS hardware, but my goodness, calling Logitech that is
           | clearly missing something in the accuracy department.
           | Logitech is way more experienced at making and selling input
           | devices than MS.
        
             | SllX wrote:
             | I agree with you in principle on your defense of Logitech,
             | but if there's a company that can give Logitech a run for
             | their money in terms of designing and selling input
             | peripherals, it probably is Microsoft. There are very few
             | extant input peripheral manufacturers that have been doing
             | it as long or longer than Microsoft has, so it would be an
             | overstatement to say they're _way more_ experienced".
             | Logitech has released to market more peripherals overall
             | though since that's pretty much their entire business.
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | I thought both companies started making mice at about the
             | same time.
        
           | addaon wrote:
           | > and what would that change?
           | 
           | Suitability for purpose. Some obvious ones:
           | 
           | Defined and validated environmentals (temperature, voltage,
           | and in this case pressure).
           | 
           | Qualified components -- capacitors chosen for lifetime rather
           | than shaving a cent, perhaps avoidance of MEMS oscillators
           | with helium sensitivity.
           | 
           | Failure analysis. Low and understood probability of fail-
           | unsafe conditions (short circuit), mitigation for those
           | risks, fume-proof and fire-proof PCB materials to protect the
           | sealed environment in case of failure.
           | 
           | Redundancy to handle failures anyway. Multiple independent
           | strings so that single-point failure lead to partial loss of
           | lighting, not all of it.
           | 
           | Load ahedding, eg dropping all but one string at a known
           | voltage above minimum voltage, to save power for other more
           | critical loads during system failure scenarios.
        
             | ethbr0 wrote:
             | Yes, if one had the budget to do all those things, from
             | scratch, _better_ than an existing component manufacturer.
             | 
             | Not many companies have NASA levels of "throw money at it
             | until it works, and every part has been signed off on five
             | times."
             | 
             |  _Absent_ that, I 'm having trouble seeing how custom >
             | COTS.
             | 
             | In all probability, anything in-house would have been
             | _worse_ and added new failure modes.
             | 
             | Better to buy, analyze, and adapt as needed.
             | 
             | And if it turns out you don't need to adapt, because
             | failure modes aren't safety-critical or components are
             | viable in the environment, then spend your time on
             | something more useful.
        
               | mcmcmc wrote:
               | They were charging a quarter million per head. Budget
               | should not have been a concern.
        
               | randac wrote:
               | Also using close to $1m in fuel per trip (according to
               | the CEO), not that it changes your point
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Not doubting you, but how is that possible? (A quick,
               | unverified Google throws back "A standard Panamax
               | containership has operational costs of about $9 million
               | per year")
        
               | addaon wrote:
               | Absent engineering, an engineered solution is no better
               | than COTS, agreed.
               | 
               | Absent engineering, people die unnecessarily.
               | 
               | Trade offs.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Not all COTS are equal. There are plenty of off the shelf
               | controllers built for boats that are designed to handle
               | wet environments such as might be found in an enclosed
               | space where people are exhaling water vapor etc. They
               | don't however cost 30$ nor do they cost anything close to
               | the R&D required to make an equivalent product.
               | 
               | Of note they might not have condensation in normal
               | conditions, but condensation is exactly the kind of thing
               | that results in cascading failures when just one
               | seemingly minor thing fails.
        
               | dmonitor wrote:
               | If you can't afford to qualify the components on your
               | 4000m diving vehicle, you can't afford to make a 4000m
               | diving vehicle.
               | 
               | See: the fact that they lost their diving vehicle.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Pressure hull >> ballast control >> thrusters >>
               | everything else
               | 
               | I'm not sure why everyone is taking potshots at a company
               | for trying something crazy _with willing passengers_.
               | 
               | Everyone involved knew what they were getting into.
               | 
               | Kudos to them for trying, even if they're dead.
               | 
               | > _See: the fact that they lost their diving vehicle._
               | 
               | That's an awful lot of keyboard engineering, given nobody
               | knows what happened yet.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "Everyone involved knew what they were getting into."
               | 
               | Did they? I might have missed that part.
        
           | srmarm wrote:
           | Hey at least it's not a madcatz controller!
        
             | Drblessing wrote:
             | Throwback! They were great for cheap controllers.
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | I trust an Xbox 360 controller a whole lot more than I trust a
         | Logitech controller. First party game console controllers are
         | generally very robust and the 360 one is a classic. Third party
         | are hit or miss but usually miss.
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | The controller itself is probably reliable enough, like any
         | cheap keyboard on amazon. I wouldn't want my life to rely on
         | bluetooth though.
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | I don't even want my music listening to depend on bluetooth.
        
           | donkey_oaty wrote:
           | Absolutely. The fella in the article is going wired though by
           | the look of it.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | They have a couple of pretty good shots of the controller,
             | and I don't see a wire. Also, the marketing image they
             | include for the controller is clearly labeled as wireless.
        
         | rewmie wrote:
         | > Nothing to say this is the cause of the fault and probably
         | going to be more reliable than something hand rolled.
         | 
         | Also, COTS gear that's designed with a standard interface is by
         | design trivial to replace even through hot swapping, which
         | automatically means resilience against errors.
        
         | soared wrote:
         | The issue most people on Reddit were discussing is that it's a
         | cheap off brand controller, rather than a higher quality name
         | brand controller (from Sony or Microsoft)
        
           | leipert wrote:
           | How is Logitech "off brand". They are well known for input
           | devices.
        
             | danudey wrote:
             | I've been using Logitech input devices since before Sony or
             | Microsoft ever made one.
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | You had a P4 mouse in 1982?
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Mouse
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Logitech_products
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | yenda wrote:
             | It's Reddit
        
             | dharmab wrote:
             | Their game controllers are low quality. For example, home
             | and professional desktop flight simulators prefer to use
             | VKB or Virpil joysticks instead of Logitech or
             | Thrustmaster.
        
             | dmonitor wrote:
             | Their controllers are well known for being garbage. People
             | that take video games seriously can tell you all of the
             | different reasons why they "feel worse" or are just less
             | reliable than OEM. It's a $30 controller where the
             | "standard" option is around $60. The "premium" market where
             | they are custom made for important use cases (ie,
             | competitive Melee tournament) can easily reach into
             | multiple hundreds of dollars, using components like hall
             | effect sensors instead of resistive potentiometers that
             | will lose accuracy over time.
             | 
             | Most people would refuse to play a video game with this
             | controller, let alone use it as a critical component in a
             | vehicle. Joystick drift in a videogame is frustrating.
             | Joystick drift in a fucking submarine is a disaster waiting
             | to happen.
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | I have the wired version of the controller in the article
               | and actually like it quite a bit, but it definitely isn't
               | as rugged as an official Xbox controller would be. The
               | main features I like on it are a way to switch between
               | DirectInput and XInput modes and the ability to swap the
               | left thumbstick and dpad.
               | 
               | Definitely wouldn't trust it for a submarine though.
        
               | devnullbrain wrote:
               | >It's a $30 controller
               | 
               | Although, _for some reason_ , it's currently sold-out
               | everywhere.
        
         | TX81Z wrote:
         | Fun fact: DOD likes game pads because soldiers all play videos
         | game since birth and it requires the least training.
        
         | jsight wrote:
         | Yeah, I'm not convinced this is in any way related to the
         | issues. I'm far more concerned with the system that such a
         | controller was plugged into than the controller itself.
         | 
         | Commercial off the shelf pc? What kind of redundancy? How was
         | power and power backup managed?
        
       | aa_is_op wrote:
       | And?
        
       | aezart wrote:
       | The fact that it's wireless is the scariest part to me. What if
       | it runs out of battery? What if it desyncs?
        
         | tvb12 wrote:
         | Stick drift would be really bad.
        
           | someweirdperson wrote:
           | It's not a Nintendo controller.
        
         | thesausageking wrote:
         | They have multiple of them on board and can swap in a new one
         | if there's an issue. The focus on the controller is misplaced
         | to me. Game controllers are well made and better suited for the
         | job than custom hardware. It's just the association with
         | videogames that makes it seem odd.
         | 
         | If they used $30 logitech keyboard as well, would anyone
         | question that?
        
           | bitshiftfaced wrote:
           | Pros of having a wireless controller: freedom of movement (in
           | this case in a very cramped environment) and not having as
           | much of a tangled cord situation.
           | 
           | Cons: desynchronization issues, transmitter goes bad,
           | receiver goes bad, interference, batteries run up, someone
           | forgets to pack batteries, someone forgets to check if the
           | backup batteries are still good.
           | 
           | WHAT were they thinking??
        
           | kiicia wrote:
           | this are literal life or death situations we are talking
           | about, not some office drama when someone spilled coffee on
           | keyboard and went home
        
           | SeasonalEnnui wrote:
           | The controller indicates poor engineering & safety culture.
           | It simply isn't fit for life critical purpose.
        
         | mongol wrote:
         | I agree. Imagine if they die because they forgot to change
         | batteries.
        
       | eye-robot wrote:
       | WestWorld: "Where nothing can possibly go worng"....
        
       | aktuel wrote:
       | Logitech is the last thing I would use if reliability counts
       | anything, unless you want it reliably to fail after twelve moths.
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | curiousgal wrote:
       | Why is a submarine going missing such a big deal? I am either
       | growing old and grumpy faster than I thought or the media is in
       | shambles.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | Do you remember the submarine murder in Denmark? It was on the
         | HN front quite a lot. I guess subs are very techy.
        
       | notatoad wrote:
       | This sounds bad when phrased like that, but if you change it to
       | say "submarine uses standard USB-HID profile for steering
       | control" then it seems like a reasonable design decision.
        
         | ZiiS wrote:
         | The are a lot of people who have spent considerably more on
         | thier chosen USB-HID for flying a virtual spaceship (myself
         | included).
        
       | silisili wrote:
       | Stupid question, perhaps: was/it possible for this sub to have
       | any kind of beaconing or communication system that works at
       | depth? It seems like one of this first things I'd investigate
       | before deciding to build a sub.
        
         | jonathankoren wrote:
         | Yes, you'd think emergency procedures would be at the top of
         | the list right after you made a viable pressure vessel.
         | 
         | They obviously didn't do this. They previously lost the sub for
         | five hours. Why this doesn't have an emergency buoy, or an
         | locator beacon that works when the ship surfaces, I don't know.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | The sub had a limited acoustic telemetry system for
         | transmitting to the host ship. That signal was lost, so
         | presumably the sub has suffered some type of serious failure.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Thanks! I've read a few articles in passing, and none
           | mentioned anything like that. Doesn't sound promising now...
        
         | vlod wrote:
         | I was wondering how naval submarines work when they get in
         | trouble.
         | 
         | I would expect to see some sort of emergency button
         | (internally) that you could press, that would release some sort
         | of buoy, that would float to the surface and start transmitting
         | with gps etc. I think that would help narrow down the search.
         | 
         | The buoy would be in an external container (to prevent pressure
         | problems), with explosive bolts or something to release.
        
           | mustacheemperor wrote:
           | From what I understand, naval submarines typically have a
           | signaling device called an EPIRB mounted in such a way that
           | it's released automatically if the sub dives significantly
           | below crush depth and/or if a switch isn't activated on some
           | set interval. Then it pops up on the surface and says "Hi,
           | wreck here."
           | 
           | I don't think the former system would have worked here
           | anyway, since the sub is supposed to get very close to the
           | bottom.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | They had this but there were problems with it, if I recall
             | correctly. So it would be disabled in "times of war" or
             | whatever because if it accidentally popped off it was not a
             | good time for you.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | "Hi, depth charge here."
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | > I was wondering how naval submarines work when they get in
           | trouble.
           | 
           | Naval subs in trouble?
           | 
           | They go "forever on patrol." A naval sub is an espionage
           | watercraft; signaling an emergency isn't exactly in the
           | playbook for most of their mission cycle. ;)
        
             | vlod wrote:
             | The alternative is death of 134 odd people. Not ideal. :/
             | 
             | I would expect some e2e encryption satellite communication,
             | however that might be still traceable to the enemy
             | listening posts.
             | 
             | Man, I now need to watch "Hunt for Red October" again [0].
             | lol
             | 
             | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3C2tE7vjdHk
        
               | bigmattystyles wrote:
               | "1 ping only" -Russian sub captain with Scottish accent
               | for some reason. It's still one of my favorite movies
               | though.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Its practically impossible to do satellite to undersea
               | communications. Being underwater does all kinds of hell
               | to RF signals. Even just reliably doing undersea to
               | surface communications is pretty tricky.
               | 
               | Is your phone waterproof? Stick it a sink full of water.
               | Watch it lose all network connectivity.
        
               | vlod wrote:
               | See my previous comment [0]: "that would release some
               | sort of buoy, that would float to the surface and start
               | transmitting with gps etc."
               | 
               | That should work if it's floating I would think?
               | 
               | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36409802
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | I wonder what the drift would be like if you released a
               | buoy 2 miles below the surface. You could theoretically
               | have the last estimated location of the sub, but even
               | then that's largely an estimate as its not like the sub
               | actually has a GPS fix its all dead reckoning.
               | 
               | They already know _about_ where the sub should be,
               | somewhere around the Titanic wreck. If an untethered buoy
               | pops up a few miles away, does it really do much to help
               | clue you into where they are? And if its not much to put
               | a tether on the buoy, why not just have the craft be
               | tethered from the start?
        
         | mikestew wrote:
         | Summary: water attenuates radio signals, and a 4Km cable is
         | going to be way heavy and subject to currents.
        
           | tguvot wrote:
           | what about fiber ? <4kg per km. throw at end powered buoy.
           | maybe inflatable to hold more of it. currents still will be
           | mess, but with lower than copper weight you could have a few
           | km slack
        
             | teraflop wrote:
             | I think your assumptions are unrealistic. A fiber optic
             | cable weighing 4kg per km with no other reinforcement or
             | protection would be extremely fragile.
             | 
             | According to my back-of-the-envelope math, using the
             | density and tensile strength of typical glass, it would
             | have a breaking load capacity of around 10 newtons (roughly
             | 2 pounds of force). Even a steel cable with the same weight
             | would only be about 20 times stronger.
        
               | tguvot wrote:
               | 4kg/km it's not for clean glass fiber. it's fiber drop
               | cable, in whatever plastic sleeving + a couple of steel
               | strands for some added rigidity/structure. there are also
               | versions with kevlar braiding to protect core and improve
               | resilience.
        
           | ZanyProgrammer wrote:
           | Well they paid the price for that bit of efficient thinking,
           | didn't they?
        
           | nerpderp82 wrote:
           | Sound carries very efficiently in water.
           | 
           | https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/sound01/backgrou.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2005/02/secrets-whales-
           | long...
           | 
           | The sub should have had an acoustic transponder that
           | broadcast telemetry which could also be used to locate it.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Seems you're right, I just was searching how the military
           | does it and...it's not great. Came across
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_with_submarines .
           | 
           | So perhaps the best you could do here are something like
           | emergency buoys that either one can record data on or perhaps
           | automated recording some stats/location/whatever that can be
           | released in an emergency and send a broadcast once topside?
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | I've had two of those exact gamepads die
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | The listing I saw said "Platforms: WINDOWS ME, WINDOWS 98,
         | WINDOWS 2000" but it didn't say "Platform: Underwater Vehicle".
        
       | crawsome wrote:
       | Dude doesn't game... Imagine trusting your life to a wireless
       | controller.
        
       | cmiles74 wrote:
       | David Pogue just referred to these kinds of submersibles as
       | "janky" on NPR. He also wasn't impressed with the controller.
       | 
       | "All of these submersibles have been kind of janky," Pogue said.
       | 
       | https://www.npr.org/2023/06/19/1183057832/a-search-is-underw...
        
       | HL33tibCe7 wrote:
       | The engineering culture at this company seems insane to me. From
       | what I read they actively took pride in using as little
       | technology and safety mechanisms as possible. If this isn't gross
       | negligence, what is?
        
       | sschueller wrote:
       | From what I read it is also the first carbon fiber deep water
       | vessel. I find that scary as carbon fiber does not start to bend
       | before falure, it fails catastrophically.
        
         | vicktour wrote:
         | I would honestly choose that over sitting on the bottom for 96
         | hours. Something about sitting there for 4 days with no hope is
         | more terrifying to me.
        
           | rurp wrote:
           | That would be awful, but early failure signs give folks a
           | chance to abort the dive and get out before it turns
           | catastrophic.
        
         | throw9away6 wrote:
         | Not quite you get first ply failure before catastrophic
        
         | kiicia wrote:
         | they literally drilled holes on the inside to mount computer
         | display
        
       | taylorbuley wrote:
       | If the device into which you are plugging that steering device is
       | a regular old PC, as it seems to be here, then something like a
       | Logitech seems like exactly what one might recommend as the USB
       | peripheral. Redundancy plans become easier, not harder, with
       | consumer-grade hardware that can be swapped out during failure.
        
         | abraae wrote:
         | > Redundancy plans become easier, not harder, with consumer-
         | grade hardware that can be swapped out during failure.
         | 
         | True enough on the surface. Not in a mini sub. They couldn't
         | carry spares of everything.
        
       | randyrand wrote:
       | I'd easily take the bet that this controller was not the problem.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | deadballcretin wrote:
       | On one hand, 'if it ain't broke' etc.
       | 
       | On the other, 'wait, what?'.
       | 
       | The entire operation manages to somehow feel both incredibly
       | sophisticated (it's not easy to get a sub to that depth) and
       | simultaneously incredibly stupid.
        
         | Our_Benefactors wrote:
         | The part most surprising to me was that there is no way to see
         | out of the craft besides the camera system. Why not watch the
         | video on land after the fact? It seems so senseless to endanger
         | yourself as a participant.
        
           | mustacheemperor wrote:
           | There's a porthole in the front of the sub, where the toilet
           | is.
           | 
           | Funny enough, I've also seen "it doesn't even have a toilet"
           | repeated around HN in the last couple days.
           | 
           | IIRC an earlier design or planned design used cameras only.
           | 
           | Edit: Wow, they were actually sued by a whistleblower over
           | the pressure rating for the window on an earlier design!
           | https://newrepublic.com/post/173802/missing-titanic-sub-
           | face...
        
             | Vecr wrote:
             | Yeah, I think I made a mistake when researching if it had a
             | window. It clearly had one when the reporter went down last
             | year.
        
           | ak_111 wrote:
           | Serious? what about the "window" in the front?
        
             | kiicia wrote:
             | window was in front of tourist toilet they had there,
             | question is I'd they had enough flood lamps so that it was
             | possible to see anything further than a meter away
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | Another domain, but I feel that way when I watch some
         | universally panned TV show/movie. One where a random person can
         | think of simple changes to the script or plot that would make
         | it far more interesting. I find myself wondering...how did
         | these people recruit hundreds of people, and spend millions of
         | dollars to make this, but no one took a second glance at the
         | script to fix some glaring issue.
        
         | rewmie wrote:
         | What's wrong with using COTS components?
        
           | deadballcretin wrote:
           | Nothing, the issue is who is buying and implementing it.
        
             | rewmie wrote:
             | Exactly what's the issues, then?
        
               | kiicia wrote:
               | buying wrong COTS components, ones that are not fit for
               | intended purpose
        
               | rewmie wrote:
               | > buying wrong COTS components, ones that are not fit for
               | intended purpose
               | 
               | What could possibly lead you to presume that? Do you feel
               | in a better position to make that call than all the
               | engineers who actually work on that task at a
               | professional level?
        
         | Solvency wrote:
         | There has to be a name for this kind of phenomenon.
         | 
         | I am smart enough to know that I'm too dumb and ill-equipped to
         | make a safe tourism business out of a homebrewed submarine.
         | 
         | These people are smarter than me, but too stupid to know that
         | they aren't smart enough to make a safe tourism business out of
         | a homebrewed submarine.
        
           | prova_modena wrote:
           | Dunning-Kruger effect.
        
             | realjhol wrote:
             | Did you know the Dunning-Kruger effect isn't real?
             | 
             | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/how-do-you-
             | know/2020...
        
           | limaoscarjuliet wrote:
           | Conditional Risk https://xkcd.com/795/
        
           | golergka wrote:
           | Elon Musk effect.
        
           | cool_dude85 wrote:
           | Correction: these people were smarter than you, and they may
           | have at some point recently come to understand that they
           | couldn't make a safe tourism business out of this sub.
        
       | whyage wrote:
       | Looks like Stockton Rush is about to win a Darwin award
        
       | nabla9 wrote:
       | And where the spare batteries for the controllers are?
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | Do we know anything about how many times this submersible has
       | survived descending to such depths?
       | 
       | Surely its been sent down to dwell at these depths autonomously
       | dozens if not hundreds of times, right?
        
         | timbit42 wrote:
         | CBS News correspondent David Pogue said 20 to 25 drives in an
         | interview with CBC earlier today.
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/q-6jjy3estY?t=338
        
       | littlecranky67 wrote:
       | Going to get me one of these logitech gamepads now to re-play
       | Subnautica for true submarine immersion.
        
       | thekevan wrote:
       | Every time I have seen people calling this amateur hour, I wonder
       | if they are right or if it is similar to NASA using the same chip
       | that was used in the Sony Playstation in the early 90s as in the
       | New Horizons probe which reach Pluto in 2015.
       | 
       | https://www.itpro.com/hardware/368293/why-cutting-edge-space...
        
         | kiicia wrote:
         | there is no problem in using off the shelf devices, problem is
         | when you choose one that is not fit for intended purpose
        
       | Karupan wrote:
       | According to the NYTimes, OceanGate refused to undergo any sort
       | of external audit/certification process [0]. I would imagine
       | using an off the shelf, cheap controller would have been one of
       | the first things to be flagged. Makes you wonder how many other
       | critical components did they skimp on
       | 
       | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/06/20/us/titanic-
       | missing-s...
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | This is what actually amazes me. The reliability of something
         | like an airplane, bus, or train, is held to extremely high
         | engineering standards. There are even safety rules for
         | bicycles. But you're allowed to take people for rides in a
         | submarines with barely any oversight.
        
           | mcbutterbunz wrote:
           | Likely due to two things:
           | 
           | 1) Many more people fly or bike than ride in submarines.
           | 
           | 2) Regulations are written in blood. Too many of these types
           | of accidents and then safety rules will be established and
           | enforced (hopefully).
        
           | adamckay wrote:
           | As the saying goes, "safety regulation is written in blood"
           | and I expect this to be somewhat modified.
           | 
           | It's complicated somewhat if the submarine is launched and
           | operated in international waters, however.
        
           | Razengan wrote:
           | How else would Cthulhu be kept pacified?
        
       | Exuma wrote:
       | I wondered why they can't install a GPS anyway on the sub so that
       | when it eventually does get to the surface, at least they can be
       | found then.
        
         | foobar1962 wrote:
         | You'd just use your phone for GPS. Doing something useful with
         | that information may be a challenge. All that is moot if they
         | are locked on the wrong side of the airtight hatchway.
        
         | outworlder wrote:
         | Why would it eventually get to the surface? The issue with
         | submarines is that they don't normally float (and if you need
         | them to have positive buoyancy, they have to be functional).
        
       | isawczuk wrote:
       | This is not unusual design. There a lot of military tech that
       | work with commercial-grade electrics. It's easier to buy in bulk
       | cheaper and replace when it brakes.
        
       | JDW1023 wrote:
       | > According to the BBC, the entire sub is bolted shut from the
       | outside, so even if the vessel surfaces, the occupants cannot
       | escape without outside assistance and could suffocate within the
       | capsule.
       | 
       | Why is the submarine bolted shut from the outside?
        
         | lisasays wrote:
         | Assuming, quite reasonably, that there has to some kind of
         | rationale for this -- I would guess it's because there's some
         | significant structural complexity (and hence risk) involved in
         | having it be open-able both ways.
        
         | dist-epoch wrote:
         | There is no point in allowing the door to be opened underwater
         | since it doesn't have an airlock.
        
           | gs17 wrote:
           | No one is proposing a literal "suicide door". But it makes
           | sense to have it openable after surfacing, at least for
           | emergencies.
        
             | stickfigure wrote:
             | "Surfacing" unassisted would mean floating with the top of
             | the submarine at water level. You still won't be able to
             | open the door.
        
               | gs17 wrote:
               | That's possible. Then at least some form of ventilation
               | usable after surfacing should have been included if
               | you're locking people in.
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | Every thruhull is a potential source of death at 5000+
               | psi.
               | 
               | The bigger problem seems like underinvestment in "getting
               | found" technology.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | It makes no sense as the pressure would prevent you from
         | opening it from the inside anyway until you are back on the
         | surface.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | It makes sense if you want a simple construction. Bolting it
           | from the outside is easier than an internal mechanism.
        
           | bambax wrote:
           | It would make a lot of sense if you're floating at the
           | surface of the ocean and need air.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | Easiest way to shut it?
        
         | tedunangst wrote:
         | Is there enough room inside the sub to turn a long enough
         | wrench to apply the appropriate torque?
        
         | Strom wrote:
         | I guess for the immense pressure you get at that depth. However
         | an emergency release would still make sense.
        
           | andrewmunsell wrote:
           | But, as with airplane doors (but in the opposite direction),
           | if the door was designed to open outwards then you couldn't
           | open it under pressure no matter how hard you pushed
        
             | Strom wrote:
             | At those pressures I don't think you would want to open the
             | door even if you could. I was more thinking about being at
             | the surface and having nobody else to unbolt it from the
             | outside.
        
               | andrewmunsell wrote:
               | Oh yes, I am (though I am absolutely not a real engineer
               | nor do I have any experience with subs) just questioning
               | why they would need to bolt it from the outside anyways.
               | If it was to keep occupants in, I would imagine that a
               | door that opens outwards would solve that issue if
               | submerged, and would still be openable on the surface
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | It is a simpler design to screw the nuts from the
               | outside. Otherwise the hull would need through hull
               | screws attached to the door or some sort of clamp around
               | the hull edge by the door opening.
        
               | rsaxvc wrote:
               | Guess: weight and cost savings
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | An emergency release implies explosive bolts that could fail
           | catastrophically at depth.
           | 
           | ... which would be a risk that I might recommend for another
           | application and manufacturer, but not for this firm,
           | apparently. For this firm, I think I'd recommend "Don't do
           | what you're doing, but if you must, keep it as simple as
           | possible."
        
           | starkparker wrote:
           | Naval submarine hatches _rely_ on the pressure to keep the
           | hatch shut. The water pressure outside is greater than the
           | air pressure inside. The hatch locks around a sealing o-ring.
           | Escape trunks are sealed off from the rest of the ship and
           | work like an airlock. Deepsea Challenger 's outward-opening
           | hatch/egress trunk worked the same way; indeed, its view
           | window was on the hatch.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | > Naval submarine hatches _rely_ on the pressure to keep
             | the hatch shut
             | 
             | I don't remember which company it was, but there was an
             | aircraft company that made the mistake of relying on screws
             | instead of pressure to keep the cockpit windows in place.
             | 
             | The windows were installed from the outside with outside
             | screws to hold them in place. During maintenance one of the
             | windows got replaced and the worker accidentally used the
             | wrong screws which were much weaker than the correct
             | screws.
             | 
             | Next flight when the plane got high enough the difference
             | between outside pressure and the higher pressure in the
             | pressurize cabin blew the window out and one of the pilots
             | got sucked out. Someone else in the cockpit was able to
             | grab his legs on the way out and hold on keeping him from
             | falling, although he spent the rest of the flight dangling
             | out the window getting buffeted around pretty severely. The
             | people left in the cockpit were sure the guy dangling out
             | the window was dead, and they were having a hard time
             | holding on, but they didn't want to lose his body and
             | managed to keep him.
             | 
             | They also were having a hard time communicating with each
             | other or with air traffic control because of the noise from
             | the missing window.
             | 
             | They did get down safely, and the everyone's surprise found
             | that the guy dangling in the window was alive, quite
             | bruised, and had frostbite all over his face, but nothing
             | permanent. He made a full recovery.
             | 
             | They redesigned the windows so on newer planes they
             | installed from the inside with inside screws, whose job was
             | now to keep the window from falling into the plane instead
             | of keep it from falling out.
             | 
             | A "wrong screw" accident then might mean losing a window
             | when taxiing or during takeoff or landing or at low
             | altitude, before there is much pressure different between
             | inside and outside. No one would be sucked out then and the
             | noise would be a lot lower. At higher altitudes the
             | pressure difference would be keeping the windows in place.
             | 
             | As I said I don't remember what company's plane had this
             | accident. It was on one of those "air disaster" documentary
             | shows.
        
               | gcanyon wrote:
               | I think this is the story you're talking about. The
               | replacement windscreen bolts were too narrow:
               | https://admiralcloudberg.medium.com/the-near-crash-of-
               | britis...
        
               | komadori wrote:
               | It was BA flight 5390. Admiral Cloudberg has a good
               | write-up: https://admiralcloudberg.medium.com/the-near-
               | crash-of-britis...
        
         | vicktour wrote:
         | The location of the door really doesn't allow it to be opened
         | while its in the water. I would guess, as I have no evidence
         | other than an untrained eye, that the window would either be
         | fully underwater or at least partially underwater. It would
         | sink if it was opened. Not to mention that they would need to
         | equalize the pressure inside the sub to even push it open.
        
         | ploika wrote:
         | Bit of a tangent maybe, but according to some expert I heard on
         | the radio this morning, it's a submersible and not a submarine
         | precisely because the vehicle is so totally dependant on the
         | support ship. That includes everything from communication to
         | getting in and out.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | It's dependant on a support ship but it's not tethered to it?
           | Maybe depth prohibits that?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | the_gipsy wrote:
             | There have been tethered submersions deeper than the
             | titanic wreck.
        
       | gcanyon wrote:
       | The more I read about this, the more it (sadly) reminds me of a
       | bungie jumping accident years ago: the bungie cable contained
       | many separate strands, all ending in loops. The habit of the
       | operators was to hold all the loops together and pass a large
       | carabiner through the bundle, catching a number of the loops.
       | 
       | Until one time they caught few enough (none? I remember "none,"
       | but that seems absurd) that the whole thing failed, and the
       | jumper fell straight to their death.
       | 
       | Going down in the ocean to a depth _far_ deeper than any military
       | submarine goes -- I don 't see any info online, but I wonder if
       | fewer people have been as deep as the Titanic than have reached
       | Earth orbit -- in something that apparently was put together and
       | vetted by effectively hobbyists seems the pinnacle of lunacy.
       | Apologies to the missing for saying it.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | They could have brought a better one but logitech ain't bad, but
       | not sure about going wireless instead of cable
        
         | barbs wrote:
         | Right? Imagine being dead in the water because the batteries
         | ran out
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | "wireless PC game controller"
       | 
       | I wonder if they forgot spare batteries.
        
       | komadori wrote:
       | I read "No Time on Our Side" by Roger Chapman a few months ago on
       | the recommendation of HN commentor /u/z991 [1]. It recounts the
       | 1973 rescue of a damaged submersible on the ocean floor from the
       | perspective of the crew trapped inside [2]. Mainly their struggle
       | with limited oxygen and rising CO2 levels. A fairly brief but
       | gripping read which I also recommend.
       | 
       | Of note, I recall even though the sub in question had a working
       | acoustic phone and beacon, the rescue vessels really struggled to
       | pinpoint its precise location and maintain communications. The
       | ocean is a big place!
       | 
       | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34360329 [2]
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rescue_of_Roger_Mallinson_an...
        
       | nycdotnet wrote:
       | With all the talk about failure modes of carbon fiber, the
       | scariest part of this article is the photo of the display and
       | light held up by screws drilled into the side of the pressure
       | vessel.
        
         | kamranjon wrote:
         | I heard an anecdote at one point that when a submarine
         | depressurizes that deep, everything inside gets pushed through
         | whatever hole caused the depressurization, like squeezing the
         | contents out of a tube of toothpaste.
         | 
         | Might have been from the Byford Dolphin accident:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byford_Dolphin
         | 
         | "Hellevik, being exposed to the highest pressure gradient and
         | in the process of moving to secure the inner door, was forced
         | through the crescent-shaped opening measuring 60 centimetres
         | (24 in) long created by the jammed interior trunk door. With
         | the escaping air and pressure, it included bisection of his
         | thoracoabdominal cavity, which resulted in fragmentation of his
         | body, followed by expulsion of all of the internal organs of
         | his chest and abdomen, except the trachea and a section of
         | small intestine, and of the thoracic spine. These were
         | projected some distance, one section being found 10 metres (30
         | ft) vertically above the exterior pressure door."
         | 
         | I wonder if anyone knows if this universally true? Would the
         | inhabitants of this submarine have experienced a similar fate
         | if one of those bolts failed or a hole in the hull developed?
        
         | buildbot wrote:
         | Yeah, I had exactly the same thought! If it's a single hull and
         | not a double hull or something, and that's the actual inside of
         | the hull we are seeing, how the fuck is that safe? Someone uses
         | too long of a screw and bow you have what, 400 atmospheres of
         | pressure pushing against the presumably sharp point of the
         | screw?
         | 
         | Strain monitoring built into the hull only helps you if you can
         | surface in time once you notice a problem, and not at all if it
         | is a catastrophic failure.
        
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