[HN Gopher] Fast ___________________________________________________________________ Fast Author : valtism Score : 421 points Date : 2023-07-05 19:34 UTC (3 hours ago) (HTM) web link (patrickcollison.com) (TXT) w3m dump (patrickcollison.com) | nodesocket wrote: | The iconic patrol boat river[1] used in Vietnam took just seven | days to create a prototype from the civilian boat maker Hatteras | Yachts. It used Jacuzzi jets. | | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrol_Boat,_River | zetazzed wrote: | One of the examples here is the Berlin airlift. If you are | interested in the Berlin airlift, I'd really recommend the book | "Checkmate Berlin" (Giles Milton). It starts in 1945 and covers | the whole arc of the Soviet-Western relationship. You could argue | that it is rather rah-rah anti-Soviet, but I read it in mid-2022 | and was down for that. Really fun read with great spy and | political stories. | draw_down wrote: | I have to admit this one does make me grumble a bit. Greenfields | is fast! You don't have to keep the old thing going or take care | to avoid disturbing it because there is no old thing! | | It seems an obvious point; I remember watching him present a | version of this in person and it occurred to me sitting there. | crop_rotation wrote: | Having worked at a top 5 big tech company from college hire to a | high level position, I have seen many factors that contribute to | things being much slower than a startup. Some of them might be | valid, but others are just the result of tragedy of large | organisations (a big tech company is surprisingly similar to | governments in terms of internal bureaucracy). | | * Large number of people and orgs willing and fighting to take | credit. If you need 1 week of support from an org, forget it | unless you give them large credit worth a huge amount of work. | This means you need to justify that credit via creating more | work. | | * Centralized internal product offerings which act similar to | government given monopoly companies (think AT&T before breakup). | Since that is the only entity offering that product, their | offering doesn't have to compete with the in market offerings and | thus can be as bad as needed, as long as it is tolerable. | | * Everyone laser focused on their own org size and org power. | This means tons of metric chasing, a lot of which requires | creating work. For instance, if writing an if else can have a big | impact delivering a lot in revenue, you write 5 new applications | to soak up the revenue impact and show that something big was | done. (A brilliant 2 liner regardless of impact will receive some | claps but won't do much for the org power). | | * The slowly increasing number of incompetent hires. The | politically savvy ones survive and keep moving up and keep doing | whatever needed to increase their power. | gowld wrote: | Credit is free. I love getting work when all it costs is | credit. | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote: | > a big tech company is surprisingly similar to governments in | terms of internal bureaucracy | | Underrated point. It didn't _really_ sink in for me until I saw | the numbers with my own eyes. | | From a quick DDG search of publicly available info, here's [1] | the numbers for FAANG headcount as of the end of 2022: | - Meta: 86,000 - Apple: 164,000 - | Amazon: 1,541,000 - Netflix: 12,800 - Google: | 190,000 | | The numbers get a bit smaller if you focus only on creative | roles (engineering, design, etc) -- but it's still an | _enormous_ amount of people. And all of them are constantly | moving at the speed of realtime chat to jump on every project | and figure out how they can use it to advance their careers. | The politics and bureaucracy are practically inevitable at this | scale. | | [1]: https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/META/meta- | platform... (all companies' numbers slightly rounded for easy | reading) | londons_explore wrote: | Google released its search engine when it was just 2 guys. | | If those two guys kept working on it for the past 25 years, | but hired nobody new, I wonder what their product would look | like? I suspect it would still be pretty decent. | kybernetikos wrote: | Difficult to know. It would have been difficult for them to | make money without adding an ads team. Without making money | it would have been difficult for them to create the | infrastructure to process the large amounts of data and | change that are a big part of how google search works these | days. Would a two man company focused on search have | created google maps or google earth? Probably not - | gathering just the data for streetview was a pretty huge | undertaking. Their geographic search capabilities would | probably have been nonexistent. | crabmusket wrote: | Google acquired both Maps and Earth, they didn't create | them. | kybernetikos wrote: | That's interesting, but I don't think it diminishes the | point - a two person company would have been pretty | unlikely to acquire them, or stay two person if it did | and needed to integrate them with their search product. | crabmusket wrote: | Agreed, but why should we care whether Google was able to | acquire service X or Y? | | (It's one of my pet peeves when people elide the massive | amount of innovation that happens in small companies | which then gets conglomerated under one of 5 massive | brands.) | | I'd argue that Google's one major innovation is the ad- | supported free business model for most of these services. | From a casual skim, it looks like most of the revenue for | the company that built what became Earth was from the | military. Google took that and made it "free" for regular | people. | xeonmc wrote: | It would be like Dwarf Fortress | dekhn wrote: | It wouldn't ever have become what we know of as Google | today. | | When I worked at Google I was lucky and had coffee with | Jeff Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat many mornings when my desk | was near them and we had shared interests. I got the chance | to quiz Jeff a bunch about the early days. When they | joined, L&S had already handed indexing off to a couple | programmers who had written a system that had to be run all | the way through (all steps of indexing) to build a whole | new index. Any failure in any step- even just one simple | worker- meant you had to run all over again. That led to | the development of MapReduce, GFS, and BigTable, which | allowed google to scale search while also improving search | prerformance (latency of a query, latency of crawling hot | documents and having them appear in the index). Jeff | definitely didn't have a high opinion of Larry and Sergey's | programming skills. | | But then, the search engine was really just phase 0 in | Larry's attempt to revoluntize the world of information, | sort of the things you have to do at the start of a | realtime strategy game to get your tech tree up to AI. | ben_w wrote: | > I suspect it would still be pretty decent. | | A fun thought experiment, but I suspect they'd be bankrupt | from the meritless lawsuits that come from being big, or in | prison for not being able to follow laws they had to be big | to lobby against. | | And even if not, the combined efforts of the scammers would | probably evolve faster than two people could react. | ireadmevs wrote: | Since we are in fun thought experiment mode, here's | another one I just had: what if we somehow could prevent | companies from getting too big? Would we manage to keep a | line where they all stay more or less in "pretty decent" | territory? | kuchenbecker wrote: | By what metric, and how would it be different than | antitrust enforcement? | | E.g. a product that is clearly better can legally capture | 100% market share. Only leveraging that market power is | illegal. | | I genuinely think a rule along the lines of "anything | with 30%+ market share is scrutinized as having | monopolistic network effect advantage" would have net | positive outcomes on competition. | chaxor wrote: | I suspect it would be substantially better. Less UX, more | capability. | danudey wrote: | A friend of mine was working on a contract project for a | major Canadian telco. The project was almost entirely | complete, just a few things left to get the client to sign | off on the project and go live. None of the people involved | on the telco side had a huge interest in this project; it was | just something else that was going on. | | Then, suddenly, it seems as though they realized that this | small project was the CEO's pet project. Overnight, everyone | involved suddenly had opinions on what could be changed to be | better, to be friendlier. Change the colors, the fonts, the | layout, move things around, pick a different image, back and | forth. As soon as there was an opportunity to attach their | name in a place the CEO might see, everyone was clamoring to | make some kind of a difference as soon as possible. | | In the end, it delayed the project by weeks and wasted huge | amount of my friend's agency's time trying to push back on | all of these changes on things that had already been | approved, or which didn't need to be changed. Incredibly | gross. | novok wrote: | Amazon and apple's numbers are inflated by retail and | warehouse staff significantly, who are effectively political | non actors as far as this dynamic goes | khazhoux wrote: | > Large number of people and orgs willing and fighting to take | credit. If you need 1 week of support from an org, forget it | unless you give them large credit worth a huge amount of work. | This means you need to justify that credit via creating more | work. | | I've worked at a couple of top 5 tech companies, and it saddens | me that people have such a sour/cynical view. You're saying | that people don't move unless they get credit... but isn't it | more likely that the people you need support from, are (1) | already overloaded with work for other teams, (2) busy with | their own core work, and (3) it's hard to keep plans aligned | between very large number of teams, which then often makes | "simple" requests difficult? | crop_rotation wrote: | Unfortunately this has been my observation seeing internal | deal making, and it becomes stronger the more higher level | discussions I see. To take a hypothetical example, let's say | a team owns some very simple central config store, and every | now and then someone needs to get an entry added there. The | speed of getting it added would so strongly depend on the | favour you can do for them. A matter of adding a new key in a | json file can take from hours to weeks depending on who asks. | | The idealists just lose out on promotions | sealeck wrote: | Having worked at some startups I think there are a lot of | problems too | | - too many startups are founded by non-technical people. This | almost inevitably ends in disaster, unless they have a | technical co-founder with equal levels of decision and control | | - because invariably the money is not the founder's they aren't | thinking of ways to save money. Some VC funds like a16z are | partially to blame for this by telling the startups they invest | in that sometimes it's a good idea to burn money in order to | grab land, but the point where it doesn't make sense to spend | more effort on efficiency is not one which a lot of startups | reach. | | - a lot of the business models make zero sense, have zero | testing performed on and no data gathered to attempt to | validate. Just like you wouldn't build a train without some | computer simulations and test models, and wouldn't launch it | without test runs you shouldn't do the same for a startup | dang wrote: | Related: | | _Fast (2019)_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30872279 - | March 2022 (97 comments) | | _Fast_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21848860 - Dec | 2019 (291 comments) | | _Fast - Examples of people quickly accomplishing ambitious | things together_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21844301 | - Dec 2019 (2 comments) | | _Fast * Patrick Collison_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21355237 - Oct 2019 (3 | comments) | jljljl wrote: | For the Van Ness Bus Line example: one reason there were major | delays was because maps of underground sewer lines and plumbing | were inaccurate, and needed to be relocated. The 6 years of | construction was really a bus lane + major sewer infrastructure | project. | | Which brings up another reason why some of these projects were | Fast -- they operated in places where there there wasn't existing | infrastructure or residents to deal with, or cut corners on | planning and mapping, which future projects now have to deal | with. | | https://sfstandard.com/transportation/van-ness-brt-bus-rapid... | Immediately after breaking ground, construction delays began. | Existing maps of old gas, water and sewer lines flowing beneath | the center of Van Ness Avenue proved inaccurate, slowing | excavation and causing the city to bring in utility contractors. | The utility placement also made the BRT's center-lane design a | challenge: Any future sewer and water repairs would disable | bussing for the duration of repair. Plus, overhead bus electrical | wires would need to be fully removed for the safety of the crews. | Water and sewer infrastructure needed to be moved to the outside | lanes to keep the center-lane BRT design -- deemed the best for | traffic flow. | ChrisMarshallNY wrote: | Lots of things happened _fast_ during WWII. | | One of the big reasons, was that regulatory hurdles were | removed. | | The result: | | Long Island is one big Superfund site, and our cancer rates are | _through the roof_. I know of _at least_ six women, in my | immediate orbit, that are currently being, or have recently | been, treated for breast cancer. | | Before I moved here, thirty-two years ago, I had never met | anyone that had cancer. Since moving here, I have known _at | least_ one person per year (often more), that had /have cancer. | | Part of that is probably age, as I've gotten older, so too, has | my peer group, but I wasn't that old, in 1990, when I moved | here. | | The difference is that they died a lot more frequently, back | then. | m463 wrote: | Not to knock the success of git, or the amazing effort under | pressure, but the cohesiveness / understandability could be | better. | nine_k wrote: | Most of the inconsistencies, like "checkout" having three | different functions, were added much later, in attempts to | make UX niftier locally, without thinking about the product | as a whole. | ChrisMarshallNY wrote: | That's a good point. | | But Git was initially written by one cranky Finn, in ten | days. | | It totally changed the way we all work. | gwd wrote: | > But Git was initially written by one cranky Finn, in | ten days. It totally changed the way we all work. | | To be fair, Linus was trying to replace Bitkeeper, a | proprietary DVCS which he'd been using to maintain the | kernel for several years at that point. Mercurial, which | runs on similar principles, was around at the time too. | He didn't just make a quantum conceptual leap straight | from SVM to git on his own in 10 days; he had a pretty | good idea what he wanted to build (probably even ideas | about the architecture) before he started. | | It's still darned impressive; just not supernaturally | impressive. :-) | nine_k wrote: | JavaScript was also famously built in 10 days. | | I'd say that internally git is more consistent %) | lchengify wrote: | > one reason there were major delays was because maps of | underground sewer lines and plumbing were inaccurate, and | needed to be relocated. | | New York calls this "peek and shriek" [1]. No one really knows | whats under the street until you start digging. | | The Van Ness Bus line was particularly bad because it failed to | adjust expectations and project management once this was | discovered. In NY at least everyone expects it to happen, | infrastructure there dates back hundreds of years. | | [1] | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/08/18/nyregion/new-... | danem wrote: | For anyone looking for an in-depth post mortem of the Van Ness | bus line, please read the report from the SF Civil Grand Jury | here: | https://civilgrandjury.sfgov.org/2020_2021/2021%20CGJ%20Repo... | kfarr wrote: | Great report except it missed the most obvious | recommendation: "decouple transit improvement from utilities | projects" | jljljl wrote: | The issue was that in this case they couldn't -- a lot of | the BRT benefits came from creating a center lane, and that | center lane was infeasible unless they did the utility | project first. | seti0Cha wrote: | I can't comment on the bus line example, but the New York Times | had a great write-up | (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/28/nyregion/new-york- | subway-...) about subway building in New York. At least in New | York there's a lot more going on than the reasons you point | out. Particularly damning is the fact that Paris is | successfully building subways at a 10th of the cost in far less | time despite having even more constraints around digging. | porphyra wrote: | The recent additions to the Rome Metro were also built faster | and cheaper compared to, say, the Central Subway in San | Francisco, despite all the archaeological artifacts in Rome | slowing down the digging. | jljljl wrote: | Yeah, this is a much better example and reflection of how | weakened institutions and process can drive up costs. | fragmede wrote: | Thats the story, but everyone who transited Van Ness during | that time saw the same thing - very little work actually being | done. The equipment just sat there idle most of the time. A | more efficient process could have come in and finished the | work, block by block in far less time if they actually, y'know, | worked on it. People in construction tell me that it's because | they're always waiting on the other guy to finish their job | before they can do theirs. Where's the Gantt chart for Van | Ness? Where's the accountability? | dmix wrote: | What are you going have consequences in the project | management office of a gov contractor that probably has no | real competition, besides maybe multiple years later when | it's politically convenient? Fire the lower level union | workers slacking off? | | The fact every single major infrastructure project is a | decade late and 3x over budget is just normal and tolerated | by the people running the show across the US/Canada. The gov | workers picking who wins these gov contracts (usually the | same small set of companies) doesn't seem to care, despite | extensive track records of the same behaviour. They probably | have jobs lined up at these companies there afterwards. | | It's only natural human behaviour to not put effort in if | there's no consequences or risk in doing so. This is | Public/private partnerships 101. | ireadmevs wrote: | > It's only natural human behaviour to not put effort in if | there's no consequences or risk in doing so. | | That's nonsense. That's like saying that it's only natural | human behavior to abuse and be abused. If I put myself in | the shoes of an underpaid sewage worker, that has a family | to maintain, that sees the owner and investors of said | private companies getting obscenely rich just by closings | contracts under their AC... yeah, I'd slack the s* out of | it too. | jljljl wrote: | There was a Grand Jury report analyzing the causes of the | delay in the Van Ness project. While the unexpected | conditions of the underground utilities is cited as the | primary cause, it does touch on some project management | aspects that you mention as opportunities for improvement: | | https://civilgrandjury.sfgov.org/2020_2021/2021%20CGJ%20Repo. | .. | | Ironically, _more_ planning and analysis at the beginning of | the project (e.g., by potholing and inspecting the condition | of utilities underneath Van Ness may have avoided the | construction delays. | temp_5089413 wrote: | I worked on that report! (Throwaway because, well, my real | name is on the second page...) | | The lack of meaningful technical planning was a big part of | it, and so was the contract-awarding math, but I think the | most striking - and generally applicable - behind-the- | scenes stories were about what happens when trust breaks | down at a human level. The city's internal back and forth | on approving and then un-approving a subcontractor at the | beginning meant that the GC was more likely to work to the | letter of the contract when things went wrong later, | instead of collaborating to solve problems. The one | positive thing the city eventually did to get the project | moving forward, according to all the information we got, | was put someone with some amount of authority _on the | ground_ to _talk to people_. | | Rereading the report now, all of these facts are in there, | but I wish we'd found a way to stress this part more. You | see the same thing in every industry, whether it's | individuals or teams or companies working together - the | best laid plans mean nothing unless the people involved are | actually interested in tackling challenges as they come up. | Culture eats strategy, and all that. A culture of writing a | plan and then either strictly following it or throwing a | fit when it can't be followed isn't a culture that can do | great work. | jljljl wrote: | Thank you for commenting! I didn't get those details in | the first read of the report, but looking through now I | can see what you mean. | | It definitely does convey that once things were going | wrong, the relationship broke down quickly, and it was | hard to adapt once the trust was lost. | AYBABTME wrote: | Sure, complications happened. But how efficiently was each day, | each hour, used to solve these problems. | dmix wrote: | Hey if there's some delay caused by your team you can always | just go back to the gov with shaking the money tin and | explaining some 'unexpected outcomes'. The fact it's the same | outcome every project is a feature not a bug. | oli5679 wrote: | I was really interested that the current Haggia Sophia structure | was built in less than 6 years. I am used to construction times | of cathedrals and other religious buildings spanning multiple | generations. | | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia | pyrale wrote: | I don't deny the achievements, but this article is the | quintessential illustration of survivorship bias. | numbsafari wrote: | It's also a great example of "headlines without reading the | article". There's no discussion of consequences, and some of | the items don't really reflect how much work had to go on after | the initial effort to make things what they are today (JS and | git being prime examples). | danudey wrote: | My son built a fort out of couch cushions in just six | minutes, and yet the city can't approve a condo tower project | without months or years of public consultations and impact | assessments? Ridiculous! | firebirdn99 wrote: | Moving fast, means breaking things. With more scale, more danger. | nickdothutton wrote: | In the UK we have been debating building 1 more runway at 1 | airport for about 50 years and still it's not settled. Meanwhile | China has built several entire islands in the ocean and put | airports on them. | arvindh-manian wrote: | For a recent infrastructure example, I would point to Beijing's | high speed rail expansion. Around 24k miles constructed since | 2008, and around ~12k in five years [1]. | | [1] https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/china-high-speed-rail- | cmd... | moffkalast wrote: | > To determine the amount of fuel the plane would need, Lindbergh | and Hall drove to the San Diego Public Library at 820 E St. Using | a globe and a piece of string, Lindbergh estimated the distance | from New York to Paris. It came out to 3,600 statute miles, which | Hall calculated would require 400 gallons of gas. | | Seems legit. | antipaul wrote: | > On August 9 1968, NASA decided that Apollo 8 should go to the | moon. It launched on December 21 1968, 134 days later | | But they were planning to get to that destination, with the same | Apollo program, for years before that... | | This example seems a bit of a stretch, which makes me hesitate on | the other examples. | | And another source of hesitation comes from this parallel: - | During Covid, it was said that China built a new hospital in like | 8 days, and it was claimed "we can't do that" etc - But then we | created a temporary 1000-bed hospital in 7 days: "It was much | quicker than we usually design, engineer and construct a | project... We worked 24 hours a day, seven days a week with our | vertical team to spec out the sites [and] award contracts, and | then began work immediately after the contracts were awarded." | [1] | | [1] https://www.defense.gov/News/News- | Stories/Article/Article/21... | nine_zeros wrote: | Literally every single thing in this list was produced by a group | of people moving towards a well-defined, unified goal. | | But in today's FAANG and FAANG-wannabes, these kinds of efforts | are near impossible because of middle-management politics. So | much of time goes in stack ranking and performance reviews that | no engineer is ever going to collaborate. | | Perhaps CEOs are so far removed from their employees that they | don't even realize what is actually going on in the company. | arvindh-manian wrote: | Reminds me of | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/pHfPvb4JMhGDr4B7n/recursive-... | nine_zeros wrote: | This post is incredibly accurate. | GuB-42 wrote: | The website checks out. | | Less than 20kB (10kB with compression), loads instantly. | shaftoe444 wrote: | Given how impossible it is to build anything here anymore the | spped in which the Victorians built the railway network in the UK | amazes me. 6,000 miles of track were built in 1846-1848 alone. | | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway_Mania | nashashmi wrote: | By not overthinking, they come up with very quick and dirty | Designs, and leave the rest for future generations to fix. | | This is why we get lessons like environmental studies assessment. | We become extra careful now. | kristianp wrote: | Kind of MVPs compared to the overspecifed-gold plated modern | projects. | anonymousiam wrote: | This may be one of the best (worst) examples of how bad things | are today. The California High-Speed Rail was funded over 15 | years ago and they haven't begun building it yet. They are 82% of | the way through their environmental studies. | | https://hsr.ca.gov/about/capital-costs-funding/ | | https://twitter.com/cahsra/status/1674900759677227012 | fragmede wrote: | It may delight you to know, then, that they've started | building, and in fact they've built a bunch of stuff for it | already! As of March 2023, 50 miles of guideway are complete, | 39 are underway; 41 structures are complete, and 29 are | underway1. Some of the completed structures include: | | - The Cedar Viaduct, a 3,700-foot-long bridge over State Route | 99 in Fresno, which features a signature double arch design2. | | - The Hanford Viaduct, a 3,300-foot-long bridge over the Kings | River and State Route 43 in Kings County, which is the longest | structure in Construction Package 2-324. | | - The San Joaquin River Viaduct, a 4,700-foot-long bridge over | the San Joaquin River and North Avenue in Fresno County, which | includes a pergola structure to allow future trains to cross | over the existing BNSF Railway tracks23. | | - The Tuolumne Street Bridge, a two-way bridge that spans the | Union Pacific Railroad tracks and future high-speed rail tracks | in downtown Fresno23. | | - The Fresno Trench and State Route 180 Passageway, a two-mile- | long trench that will carry high-speed trains under several | streets in Fresno, including State Route 18023. | | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_of_California_Hi | g.... | | [2] https://hsr.ca.gov/about/project-update- | reports/2023-project.... | | [3] https://hsr.ca.gov/2023/05/11/video-release-high-speed- | rail-.... | | [4] https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/high-speed- | rail/article... | dang wrote: | > _What are you talking about?_ | | Please edit swipes like that out of your HN posts, as the | site guidelines request: | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html. | | Your comment would be just fine without that bit. | fragmede wrote: | Fixed, thanks. | gowld wrote: | _Initial_ funding was 15 years ago. Construction funds weren 't | approved until 2013 when construction contracts started to be | awarded. Construction began in 2015. | | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_California_High-Spe... | | https://hsr.ca.gov/about/project-update-reports/2023-project... | | "Progress continues across the 171 miles under construction and | development in the Central Valley, including more than 30 | active construction sites and 69 structures or grade separation | projects either underway or completed." | jonny_eh wrote: | > environmental studies | | There's your answer. It's one of the biggest reasons why it's | so hard to build infrastructure and housing, even for green | projects like wind farms. | yankput wrote: | What about Duke Nukem Forever? | bovermyer wrote: | Fast always has a price. | | > Construction start was delayed two weeks to allow the 42 | families living on Pine Point, which was scheduled to be | demolished to build the shipyard, to move. | mamonster wrote: | Very interesting thing(maybe sample representativeness) is that | there aren't any "fast" things from the 2010-2020 decade. Does | anyone have anything impressive in mind? Personally can't think | of anything myself. | shawndrost wrote: | About 30% of interstate gas pipelines were built between | 2007-2017 as one of the many consequences of the shale boom. | Global LNG trade doubled in the same window. | | Germany installed 6 (floating) LNG import terminals in 2022. | | California built five gas-fired power plants in a few months in | 2021, after a blackout. | | We can still build things fast when there is institutional will | to do so. | Hovertruck wrote: | Depending on where you draw the lines, maybe Oculus. I think | from the formation of the company to shipping dev kits was less | than a year, but there was obviously research and prototypes | that happened prior to that, and it was a while before they | were shipping consumer devices. | | Redis barely misses the decade cut I think, with an early 2009 | start to a production launch and rapid adoption starting around | mid-2009. | oli5679 wrote: | Alphago? | | I think it only took a couple of years from 2014-16, and it was | marked as being decades away by many experts at the time. | | I also remember lots of ridicule about Instagram only being a | year or so old, when it was acquired, and possibly some of the | Space X rocket development programs count as 'fast' although I | don't know all the details. | sterlind wrote: | The examples in Fast aren't breakthroughs, they're just big | engineering projects. AlphaGo's design is quite simple, the | estimate of decades was prior to the discovery of the | unexpected power of deep neural networks. | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote: | The entire ride-sharing/delivery/logistics space was moving | ridiculously fast during that time. | | Remember those photos of thousands of multicolored bicycles | abandoned in fields? Or the scooters being yeeted into the | ocean, global riots from taxi drivers, the collapse of the taxi | medallion market, regulatory debates in every | city/state/country, billions of VC money raised in weeks (or | days), the Darwinian M&A scene as companies were devoured in | the jungle as quickly as they were founded... | | ...and, of course, the fact that you could _finally_ push a | button and make a bag of groceries appear. (Though the | 3,600,000 millisecond latency still isn 't great on that one.) | opportune wrote: | Even though this in the long run may have burned more money | than it yielded, I think this also represented a pretty | landmark shift in how people saw computers (including | smartphones). They were no longer just devices for surfing | the web or messaging. Between this, and the rise of | Amazon/online shopping, computers were now ways to actuate | the world | cscheid wrote: | One thing that saved an estimated couple of million lives comes | to mind. | JimDabell wrote: | > from the 2010-2020 decade | | Depends exactly how you define this. If it's inclusive of | 2020, sure. If it isn't, then it won't include the COVID | vaccines. | chaxor wrote: | The vaccine development happened effectively in a weekend. | The long period of time to develop isn't related to | science, it's the bureaucracy afterwards that took so long. | So depends on the definition. | JimDabell wrote: | Isn't that partly the point of the linked page? That one | of the things contributing to how slow things go these | days is that bureaucracy can grind quick developments to | a halt? | dragontamer wrote: | COVID19 vaccine was 2021, wasn't it? Just slightly outside | the decade. | | A lot of war-equipment got spun up in 2022 and 2023 extremely | quickly, but I don't think people are talking about that. | | ----------- | | EDIT: The 2010s through 2020s were a period of incredibly low | interest rates and cheap money. Most projects were thinking | long-term, for good reason. When interest rates are 0% and | you got free money / free borrowing, there's not much point | in doing anything quickly. | | We've got stupendously stupid ideas like MoviePass getting | deployed, and bankrupted, within months. Does that count? | Presumably we want something that wasn't "just" fast, but | also impressive / accomplished something real. | SamReidHughes wrote: | It was announced in November 2020. | jyxent wrote: | I guess it depends what endpoint you are talking about. The | actual vaccine was pretty quick, it was the phases of | testing that took longer: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edga | r/data/1682852/000119312520... | rzzzt wrote: | Also the starting point. IIRC the technology already | existed for SARS-CoV-1, but it went on a hiatus before | producing a vaccine became necessary. | antipaul wrote: | As another comment points out, what about "preparation" time? | | I guess the timelines depend on when you start the clock. | | Does anyone have a credible example of going fast, and where it | really was a "zero to one" kind of process? | d0gsg0w00f wrote: | I'd like to add the 2017 Atlanta I-85 bridge collapse and rebuild | to this list. The entire rebuild took only 45 days! | | https://transportationops.org/case-studies/i-85-bridge-colla... | lemming wrote: | > Brendan Eich implemented the first prototype for JavaScript in | 10 days, in May 1995. | | And 28 years later, the world is still investing untold millions | of dollars, and untold person-years of effort, working around it. | jljljl wrote: | A lot of red-tape and delays in modern projects is contending | with debt from "Fast" projects | djbusby wrote: | If done right, the FastThing gets the money flowing to | refactor into the GoodThing | netghost wrote: | It's the "if done right" bit that's so tricky. | | So often though the GoodThing doesn't have a clear payoff | and another FastThing does. | jljljl wrote: | Sure, but you have to reinvest that money too. And it's a | bit misleading to take just the FastThing cost and | disregard the GoodThing costs. | | For example -- it took 10 days to build a JS prototype, but | 10 more years of evolution before it became the dominant | Web Development language. | chrisco255 wrote: | 28 years later the web is a thriving platform responsible for | trillions of dollars of economic activity, of which JS is a | core component. | inopinatus wrote: | Steady on. I'm no fan of JavaScript either but it seems | unfair to damn it so completely with such a backhandedly | vacuous accolade. Some folks might not even get the irony. | nitwit005 wrote: | Sure, but they could have made something very different, and | that would still be true. People just have no choice but to | use JS. | | Plenty chose Flash, Java, and friends when there were other | options. | drewda wrote: | For what it's worth, I miss Adobe Flex. | kevinmchugh wrote: | And JavaScript beat those. | nitwit005 wrote: | Not due to some sort of virtue of the language being | better. The browser devs wanted to cut down the security | surface area. Javascript wasn't as removable as the | plugins that used other languages were. | gowld wrote: | That's thanks to the HTML and DOM API, not "JavaScript". | | Early web companies didn't even need JS; every interaction | coulf reload a page. | ben_w wrote: | JS is a core component to all that in the same way that coal | and oil are core to the industrial revolution: not the best, | but it's easy and cheap and everyone has a lot of experience | and sunk-cost investments. | paulddraper wrote: | > the world is still investing untold millions of dollars, and | untold person-years of effort | | because of the positive ROI | skrebbel wrote: | This is getting so old. It's also dated, modern JS is a pretty | great language. | IshKebab wrote: | Modern _Typescript_ is fairly decent. Plain Javascript is | still awful. And I wouldn 't say either are great. | | I especially don't understand why Javascript doesn't have a | "modern" mode where `var` and `==` are banned, prototypes are | immutable, etc. You can do all that with linters but the | people that need help with that stuff don't know how to set | up a linter in the first place or what options to choose. | post-it wrote: | > You can do all that with linters but the people that need | help with that stuff don't know how to set up a linter in | the first place or what options to choose. | | Then how would they know how to enable "modern" mode? | Junior devs shouldn't be setting up any of that stuff | anyway, they should be given a laptop with VSCode + | prettier already installed, and all of the config they need | should be in the project repo. | Mystery-Machine wrote: | The language specification should have a directive | similar to "use strict" (the JS doctype kinda thing), | something like: "use es23" | lemming wrote: | I didn't say anything about JS being bad. But this article is | predicated on the assumption that doing things fast is good. | I think it's hard to argue that if Eich had spent 20 days (or | perhaps even 30 days!!!!) we would have been in a much better | place for the last couple of decades. We're not working | around the fact that JS is intrinsically a bad language, | we're working around the fact that it was ridiculously | rushed. | soggybutter wrote: | Modern JS is a passable language only after a tremendous | amount of time and effort was invested to retrofit it as | such. For all of the purported isomorphic benefits, I still | don't know why anyone would choose to use it outside of being | forced to in browsers | thecopy wrote: | I don't really mind that "a tremendous amount of time and | effort was invested" into JS. | | It works great for me and my team and we are hugely | productive using it. That why. It works and we deliver a | lot of value. | nitwit005 wrote: | You don't mind, because someone else spent the money. The | people signing the checks probably did care. | Mystery-Machine wrote: | It works great for you because you haven't seen better. | Which other languages do you have more than 1 year of | professional experience with? May I answer that for you? | None. Just because you've just discovered a knife, | doesn't mean it's the best tool to eat the soup with. | londons_explore wrote: | Javascript, like python, was "simple yet flexible". Thats | what made them successful. | | When a language is successful, people start to bolt on | extra bits of syntax and features (async, | prototypes/classes, lambdas, etc). Eventually it is no | longer simple, and the learning curve gets steeper for new | users. | | Someone comes up with a new simple yet flexible language, | all the new users start with that instead, and the cycle | repeats. | | BASIC/visual basic/VB.net went through that cycle in the | 90's. C then C++ went through that in the 2010's. | Python/Javascript is going through that now. Go is about to | go through the same. | chaxor wrote: | Go was trashed just about the time they added telemetry | to it inherently. | Yasuraka wrote: | You mean when they added the plan to add opt-in | telemetry? | djbusby wrote: | All the "good" languages have tremendous effort - it's how | they get good. Nothing starts great...it's a journey. We've | been watching the sausage being made. | Mystery-Machine wrote: | Just because "it's a journey" and we invested tremendous | effort, doesn't mean it's suddenly great. It's a terrible | language with many illnesses, even today's modern | version, because it's kept its diseases from the past. It | surely is lightyears better than what it used to be, but | it's still a pile of turd IMO (I work with JS every day). | gowld wrote: | Most languages were OK and got enhancements, JS was | terrible and got repaired. | | Python, for example, got a lot better a lot faster than | JS did. | jonny_eh wrote: | > a tremendous amount of time and effort was invested to | retrofit it as such | | Great things require tremendous effort and even time. | numbsafari wrote: | That's why git and JS don't really belong on this list | without a massive asterisk. It's not like JS you use | today is the same as the one that took "10 days". Same | goes for git. | falcor84 wrote: | Nevertheless, there's something amazing about being able | to release the first version of something so world- | changing so quickly. | soperj wrote: | Are all variables still global unless defined not to be? | Mystery-Machine wrote: | The short answer is: yes. If you do | | <script scr=...> | | And in the .js file: var x = 5. That x is global. | bunga-bunga wrote: | Not in a module context: # a.mjs | (()=>{ a = 1 })(); # in a | shell $ node a.mjs ReferenceError: a is not | defined | post-it wrote: | No, as of eight years ago. | | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScript_version_history#ES | 2... | soperj wrote: | thanks! | antipaul wrote: | Here is a response, that PC himself references on his site: | | https://nintil.com/building-skyscrapers-and-spending-on-majo... | | Excerpt: | | > So all in all, if we control away war, and increasing | complexity, and the fact that you can't optimise people beyond a | certain point, and sprinkle on top some regulation-induced | slowdown it's not clear that there has been a slowdown or | stagnation in general for major projects. | cornfutes wrote: | > Brendan Eich implemented the first prototype for JavaScript in | 10 days | | And thousands of developer years have been wasted smoothing over | pre ES6 JavaScript warts. | chrisco255 wrote: | If only we were using Java Applets or Flash ActionScript or | Silverlight, all our problems would be solved. | cornfutes wrote: | Actually, Runescape one of the most successful MMOs ever was | a Java applet. Java is much more effective at complex object- | oriented modeling and an MMO is a canonical example of where | OOP not only shines but is necessary. Before ES6, there were | half a dozen styles of approximating classes in JavaScript, | the main one being with closure-returning-functions. Even | utilizing these clever tricks to make JavaScript a decent | language, the runtime would not have been powerful enough to | run a game like Runescape. For a very long time, JavaScript | was primitive in even managing media. Flash allowed Youtube | to bridge the gap of playing videos in the browser. | JavaScript-based web apps to stream music didn't become | prominent until the 2010s, a decade and half after JavaScript | was invented. Yahoo music, the prominent web-based music | player in the 2000s, used a Flash plugin. So Indeed, Flash | and Java did some solve a lot of problems that JavaScript did | not. JavaScript won out because it was browser-native and now | WebAssembly is gaining traction because JavaScript is still | not that great. TypeScript is solid, but that took years of | development and Microsoft resources to launch. | terribleperson wrote: | Runescape was crazy for the time (pre-WoW). A full-featured | MMO you could play on a wide variety of computers without | downloading or installing anything. All you needed was | Java. | babelfish wrote: | I recently read the book "How Big Things Get Done", about | planning megaprojects successfully, which incidentally touched on | a lot of the projects here. While I mostly found the book to be | worthless thought leadership, the authors thesis on why these | projects were able to succeed is that they were able to "think | slow, build fast". | carabiner wrote: | Major one missing: China built 5,000 miles of high speed rail in | 6 years. In California, it's been 15 years and we have 0 miles | complete. Also built numerous hospitals during pandemic in a | couple weeks. Demolished and replaced a bridge in 43 hours: | https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructure/a.... | General pattern of completing infrastructure projects at a | blistering pace - and they work. | | Also landed a rover on Mars in 2021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhurong_(rover), but I"m not sure | how it compares development speed to NASA. Designed for 90 days, | lasted 4x that. | | As much as the US denigrates China for allegedly trampling on | "freedoms," I bet our way of doing speedy big projects in the | past has a lot in common with China's current progress. You just | have to quash special interests sometime. Autocracy gets shit | done. | danudey wrote: | The US also has billionaires and billion-dollar companies | deliberately trying to sabotage these sorts of issues. Elon | Musk and his 'Boring Company', for example, going around | promising a revolution in transportation and then just... | ghosting people.[0] "Don't start your public transport | infrastructure, we'll build you something objectively worse and | far less scalable for a fraction of the price! Uh actually | never mind though." | | US ISPs also have a history of lobbying to prevent municipal | broadband projects, which could provide faster speeds cheaper | than large monopolies can. They get the projects blocked by | promising to solve the problem themselves, then once the block | is in place they just yolo out. Verizon takes massive grants to | improve broadband in areas, doesn't do it, and then just... | nothing. | | Even H&R Block is lobbying to prevent making tax returns easier | so that they can continue to be one of the only companies that | can file people's taxes without screwing it up (which they do | anyway). | | China certainly benefits from cutting huge corners, but we also | need to remember that every time there's an opportunity to make | people's lives better in the US, there's a rich corporation | lobbying against it to preserve the profits they're milking out | of people's suffering or desperation. | | [0] https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/elon-musk-boring-company- | tu... | bsder wrote: | > You just have to quash special interests sometime. Autocracy | gets shit done. | | People are all for it--until the steamroller comes for them. | https://www.cnn.com/style/article/china-three-gorges-dam-int... | | And we know what happens when you let people ignore the | regulations--you get Superfund sites. | | There is a political balance between "saving 3 salamanders in a | cave" and "pervasive dumping of toxic sludge". | | The problem is that there is _lots_ of incentive towards the | "pervasive dumping" side and not a lot on the "saving things" | side. | aeternum wrote: | It would be interesting to look at a wider range of metrics for | some of these fast vs. slow projects. | | Safety: Did the fast projects result in more injuries or | deaths? | | Social: Willingly vs. unwilling participation. IE seized land | vs. sold willingly at market rate. Coerced by gov to help build | the hospital vs. paid market labor rate. | | Environmental: Much easier to design and build a hydro dam when | you don't need to worry about still allowing the Salmon to swim | upstream. | dtgriscom wrote: | > You just have to quash special interests sometime. Autocracy | gets shit done. | | This is a classic "pros and cons" situation. I'm not sure the | ability for the authorities to "get shit done" would balance | the downsides, e.g.: | | https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2023/07/05/... | chongli wrote: | There has to be a middle ground. The US did some amazing | things without autocracy, such as the public works projects | under the New Deal [1] [2] [3], the Marshall Plan [4] for | helping to rebuild Europe, the Federal-Aid Highway Act [5] to | build 41,000 miles of Interstate highways. | | I don't know why things are so difficult now. There's got to | be some detailed studies into this problem. | | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilian_Conservation_Corps | | [2] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration | | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Works_Administration | | [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Plan | | [5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal- | Aid_Highway_Act_of_195... | khuey wrote: | The Federal Highway Act was pretty bad! They plowed | interstates through poor (and usually black) neighborhoods | to get to the city centers and at least contributed to the | urban dysfunction that's been a feature of American cities | since. | fragmede wrote: | * * * | vondur wrote: | Look at YouTube for "Tofu Dreg" to see the results of rushed | Chinese construction projects. | mordae wrote: | Back in the early COVID days, an airplane with PPE landed in | Prague. Responsible agency has been short handed so the staff of | national budget oversight agency came to help in what was a prime | example of violation of budgeting discipline and just unloaded | the airplane. | | I could not stop laughing about that for days. Other ministries | were literally excusing themselves since "they were not allocated | funds to deal with the pandemic and had other matters to addend | to" and "doing job of another organization would be a violation | of budget discipline". And then the literal guys responsible for | auditing them for such violations just broke the rules and did | the right and necessary thing. | | In the end, it boils down to a simple rule. If you live in a | society where rules outweight the public good and you can get | into trouble for doing the right thing the "wrong way", progress | grinds to a halt. | dblohm7 wrote: | Apollo 8 is not a very good example; it's not like the hardware | pipeline wasn't well on its way to be ready to go by the time the | decision was made. | | Don't get me wrong, Apollo 8 was an extremely risky and critical | part of the program, but it's not like somebody conjured | everything up from thin air in 134 days. | Archelaos wrote: | I think you have a point here. Our standard approach of looking | at the duration of a project too often neglects the effort of | preparation. | jonny_eh wrote: | None of these projects were created from dust. | mnot wrote: | HTTP/2 was standardized in two years and 16 days. | | That's fast for standards :) | boringg wrote: | Manhattan project is the epitome of fast. | egonschiele wrote: | Fun fact on the Eiffel Tower: during the Chicago World's Fair, | they wanted to build something that would rival the Eiffel Tower. | After a LOT of proposals, and work, and time, they came up | with... the Ferris wheel. | ftxbro wrote: | What if they add some _fast_ ones that were fast but that didn 't | work out so great, like Theranos or the submarine guys. Also | Apollo 8 is in there but I mean a relatively large percent of | astronauts died compared to like your company's new agile plan | how many agile blackbelts do you expect to literally decease | because of shortcuts taken in the implementation of their | workplace environment. | valtism wrote: | > Tony Fadell was hired to create the iPod in late January 2001. | Steve Jobs greenlit the project in March 2001. They hired a | contract manufacturer in April 2001, announced the product in | October 2001, and shipped the first production iPod to customers | in November 2001, around 290 days after getting started. Source: | Tony Fadell. | | Just 290 days for the iPod to go from idea to customer is crazy | fast | entrepy123 wrote: | Impressive for sure, not to knock it. But, as I recall reading, | the mini HDD for the iPod was already developed by a vendor's | R&D, sitting around for a use case. Which Apple decided to take | exclusive advantage of. Thus, that iPod offering seemed kind of | "revolutionary". But it's not like Apple started the project, | then developed all of the tech for it in this time of 290 days. | Which is sort of what the summary reads like, to me. So I'm | adding this comment, for clarification. (Heck, the story I read | about the first iPod and its HDD was probably originally linked | from HN!) | norir wrote: | Wow, I did not know that story but it makes so much sense | that the ipod was an almost inevitable development from the | mini hdd. Goes to show how important it is to have people who | can see the big picture and find the right people to execute. | danudey wrote: | It's worth noting that hard-drive based MP3 players did | exist at the time, but they had several drawbacks that | Apple found solutions for. | | First, they used physically larger 2.5" hard drives, making | them larger and heavier. The small 1.8" HDD that the iPod | used allowed it to be the size of a deck of cards, meaning | it was much more portable. | | Secondly, hard drives consume a large amount of power to | operate, so HDD-based players had terrible battery life | because it was always spinning up the disk to get the next | song. The iPod solved this by just adding 32 MB of RAM as a | cache, so when you started an album the system would just | read in the next 15 minutes (or so? that's about 30 MB at | 160 kbit) of songs and then power down the HDD until the | cache was running out or the user changed | albums/playlists/tracks. | | It was also fast; using firewire to transfer songs | restricted it to Mac users at first, but it meant that you | could rip a new CD and put it on your iPod in a short | amount of time, or, later, buy an album on iTunes and have | it ready for your jog in ten minutes. | | It's funny to think how many people saw the iPod as an | obvious immediate failure. As the infamous Slashdot post[0] | said, "No wireless. Less space than a Nomad. Lame." | | [0] https://slashdot.org/story/01/10/23/1816257/apple- | releases-i... | yellow_lead wrote: | Much of these examples similarly lack any info on prior work. | i.e mRNA COVID vaccines were completed quickly, after years | of prior research. | samtho wrote: | We are all standing on the shoulders of giants. I don't see | the same criticism for anything else that required prior | human knowledge and achievement. | gizmo wrote: | They had to design the software, the UX including the touch | wheel, the mac integration and syncing, and everything | relating to the design, materials, and sourcing of the | components. It's astonishing that they got it done in less | than a year. (And I highly recommend Fadell's book) | crazygringo wrote: | Everything around the software would have been quick -- | both the iPod UX and syncing were extremely simple back | then. The iPod didn't really have a GUI, it was just six | lines of text and a header line. | | It's the manufacturing speed that astonishes me -- the | sourcing as you say, the supply chains and the factory | capacity. I'm also very curious about the manufacture of | the scroll wheel -- was that something really new that had | to be figured out (it seemed/felt like it) or was it a | trivial combination of existing components? | ricardobeat wrote: | Most inventions become trivial right after they are | released. Creation, research, design are the hard parts, | and you cannot judge those by the complexity of the final | product. | m463 wrote: | I think they leveraged portalplayer and synaptics to put | everything together. Still quick to market. | briangle wrote: | This reminds me of when I interviewed at Stripe, a few years | back. It was a surreal experience. We were in a small conference | room. I sat at the table on one side, Patrick and Edwin sat on | the other side. They asked me questions, I answered them. It was | a good discussion. | | Then there was a brief pause in the conversation. Suddenly, | Patrick let off the most absurdly loud fart. I chuckled in | surprise. Patrick and Edwin stared back at me, in a stony | silence, neither of them making any acknowledgement of Patrick's | colonic eruption. I forced myself to adopt a similarly straight | face. | | As the smell of it filled the room and my nostrils, I could only | assume this was a power move, intended to dominate. I held my | nerve, and continued the interview. Unfortunately, I wasn't | offered the job. Now I wonder if maybe it was a cue to speak up | and point out the loud, smelly elephant in the room. I suppose | I'll never know. | | Has anyone else here who's interviewed at Stripe had a similar | experience? To this day, I still wonder if Patrick's fart was a | deliberate and calculated part of the hiring process. | ftxbro wrote: | > "I still wonder if Patrick's fart was a deliberate and | calculated" | | I mean if it was planned then that's some impressive intestinal | agency. But maybe with his diet he always got it chambered at | that time of day so he can plan around it. | highwaylights wrote: | I'm going to guess dude just needed to let go and didn't like | that you laughed about it. | | Maybe they just openly rip in the office and are used to it. | | Maybe you didn't get hired for totally unrelated reasons. | | We'll never know.. ___________________________________________________________________ (page generated 2023-07-05 23:00 UTC)