[HN Gopher] Notes on Puzzles
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       Notes on Puzzles
        
       Author : nqureshi
       Score  : 175 points
       Date   : 2023-07-17 12:38 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nabeelqu.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nabeelqu.substack.com)
        
       | Thoeu388 wrote:
       | Interesting observations, I would add my own:
       | 
       | - during long game, chess grand masters have physiology
       | comparable to marathon runner, while he runs. Deep thinking for
       | several hours, takes huge load on body. All the logic and
       | critical thinking, is not going to save you, if you are not fit,
       | and your brain does not work correctly.
       | 
       | - real life is not about solving puzzles. Real life is a rigged
       | game where rules are not enforced. Instead of finding problems to
       | solve, you need to find oportunities (and loopholes) and exploit
       | them!
       | 
       | - game is rigged, and oportunities close fast. What worked a
       | couple of years ago, probably does not work anymore.
        
         | glitchc wrote:
         | Sounds very similar to academic researchers.
        
         | dkarl wrote:
         | > - real life is not about solving puzzles. Real life is a
         | rigged game where rules are not enforced. Instead of finding
         | problems to solve, you need to find oportunities (and
         | loopholes) and exploit them!
         | 
         | "Real life puzzles" are too open-ended and have too many levels
         | to really be called puzzles. A puzzle has a closed set of rules
         | that usually gives you only one level on which to solve the
         | problem. Many interview questions could be described as
         | puzzles. A "real life" programming task has a bunch of
         | different levels: what's the real problem the customer wants
         | solved, is this the problem this customer wants solved first,
         | do we have a bigger customer with a bigger problem you should
         | be working on instead, can the problem be solved without
         | programming, should the problem be solved in a different
         | system, are there other people on the team who solve problems
         | like this in their sleep and they'll give you the answer in
         | five minutes if you describe it on Slack? If it does seem like
         | you need to solve the problem, what's your level of confidence
         | that with investment of X time you can solve the problem, for
         | different values of X, and given this information, does it
         | still make sense to try to solve it?
         | 
         | What makes puzzles relaxing and reassuring is knowing that
         | there is a solution, and that you know all the rules. Also, you
         | know that you'll recognize the solution when you get it. Real
         | life rarely gives you that reassurance. With a real-life
         | problem, you don't know if there's a solution, and even when
         | you have one, you can't know that there wasn't another solution
         | that would have been much better, because of possibilities you
         | failed to consider. The only way to turn a real-life problem
         | into a "puzzle" is to strip away the open-ended real-world
         | context and present a subset of it that can be described in a
         | closed form.
        
         | yard2010 wrote:
         | I think you're missing the point, while you are pretty correct
         | IMO, viewing the world in such a dichotomic way misses the fine
         | details along the spectrum
        
           | dkarl wrote:
           | Spot on. When you discover that people are solving a problem
           | by considering a wider context than you did, do you broaden
           | your thinking about the problem, or do you accuse them of
           | cheating and complain that the rules aren't being enforced?
           | Morality and (most) laws should be respected, but outside of
           | that, rules shouldn't stand in the way of solving problems.
        
         | mock-possum wrote:
         | > real life is not about solving puzzles
         | 
         | He says, before laying out the outline of the puzzle and giving
         | suggestions on how to go about solving it
         | 
         | Everything can be about solving puzzles if you let it. Given
         | enough time and patience you can understand anything - the only
         | interesting question is, how to you decide what to focus on?
         | 
         | Navigating life is absolutely an exercise in puzzle solving, at
         | every step you know where you're at, you know where you want to
         | be, and you know what resources are available to you - given
         | all that, how do you plan your next step? If your first
         | solution doesn't work, you do a retro, learn your lessons, and
         | move on to your second solution, and your third. It's all
         | engineering.
        
           | Thoeu388 wrote:
           | From rule 2):
           | 
           | > It's hard in real life, too: vanishingly few people are
           | meta-rational enough to try really hard to falsify their own
           | ideas. Your brain really wants to find reasons to support
           | what you believe.
           | 
           | I don't think he goes with "meta" deep enough. It is great
           | for engineering problem solving mindset But it is also a good
           | way to end up like underpaid post doc, who needs second job
           | just to pay rent.
           | 
           | And this type of advices are usually coming from someone who
           | "made it", has its own house and is practically retired. Very
           | impractical and harmful (to some extend) for young minds.
           | 
           | Practical implementation for young person is not "falsifying"
           | and trying again again. But coming with solutions that takes
           | minimal time, is good enough and comparable to coworkers who
           | work on the same salary. Time you save can be invested into
           | education, family, hustle and so on.
        
         | Recursing wrote:
         | > during long game, chess grand masters have physiology
         | comparable to marathon runner, while he runs.
         | 
         | That is obviously not true
         | https://old.reddit.com/r/chess/comments/s0tqcd/chess_grandma...
        
           | Thoeu388 wrote:
           | I traced my source back to Sapolsky, so I guess you are
           | right.
           | 
           | But I still maintain my claim, health really matters for
           | proper deep thinking.
        
           | nescioquid wrote:
           | I wouldn't be so hasty to say it is _obvious_ (parent made no
           | claims about calories).
           | 
           | Many top chess players have considered themselves athletes,
           | and if you've ever tried to calculate under pressure at a
           | board for a few hours, I'm sure you'll agree it is an
           | exhausting activity. Fischer engaged in athletic training
           | when preparing for tournaments, for example, to aid in
           | maintaining mental focus (he wasn't unique).
           | 
           | It would be silly to say that 2400 Elo indicates you can run
           | a four-minute mile, or that calculating 6-ply in a closed
           | position burns the same calories as running a block. If the
           | claim is 2400 Elo tend to have similar vascular flow in the
           | brain to people who engage in aerobic exercise or something
           | of that nature -- maybe?
        
         | yeahwhatever10 wrote:
         | I disdain this pessimism that is all over the internet.
        
           | Thoeu388 wrote:
           | What pessimism? I am talking about health, opportunities...
           | 
           | Starting family today is very difficult, there is no easy and
           | direct route.
        
           | doopdoopsoup wrote:
           | I'm curious what strikes you as pessimistic in this comment
           | versus just being realistic about the current social
           | structures implicit to the US (I cant speak for the rest of
           | the world)?
        
             | bluepod4 wrote:
             | Probably because GGP's comment reflects a _narrow_ ,
             | _unfavorable_ , and _extreme_ view of reality
             | 
             | > Real life is a rigged game where rules are not enforced
             | 
             | Even in the United States, there are _plenty_ of stupid and
             | non-stupid rules that people are forced to follow in order
             | to "play the game". There are also _plenty_ of rules that
             | only apply to certain groups. There are also _plenty_ of
             | people who don't play the game at all.
             | 
             | Maybe if GGP weren't so extreme and negatively one-sided
             | with his view, then it'd come off as less pessimistic and
             | more critical.
        
             | respondo2134 wrote:
             | pessimistic and realistic are not mutually exclusive
             | (unfortunately). You can understand reality without
             | accepting it.
        
           | blastro wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | blueyes wrote:
           | The business ecosystem, like biological ecosystems, involves
           | forms of collective life that have learned how to sustain
           | themselves in competitive environments, usually by seeking
           | moats. Those moats "rig the game". The moats tend to fail
           | when the environment changes; e.g. due to technical
           | innovation, social movement, external shocks. It is the
           | central interest of any business to build moats and
           | drawbridges.
           | 
           | Life is turtles all the way down and drawbridges all the way
           | up. Anyone seeking opportunities is looking for the openings
           | between those moats and drawbridges.
        
       | WoodenChair wrote:
       | A test of chess puzzles can reliably predict a player's ELO
       | rating and what kinds of game elements they struggle with. My
       | late dad did work on this in the 1980s to assess machine and
       | human chess performance which culminated in the Bratko-Kopec
       | Test[0], which eventually became a part of a standard suite for
       | assessing the performance of new chess programs. He also ended up
       | running the test on hundreds of human players to test its
       | calibration.
       | 
       | He created several subsequent tests and wrote a book about it
       | [1]. I make a version of a few of the tests for iPhone if you're
       | so inclined [2].
       | 
       | 0:
       | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B97800...
       | 1: https://amzn.to/3PVOne9 2: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/test-
       | your-chess/id362448420
        
       | csours wrote:
       | > "What stops you, I think, is a combination of not really
       | believing you'll get it and not really caring. Is that too harsh
       | - or is it somewhere close to the truth?"
       | 
       | This reminds me of the curse of working with really good senior
       | engineers. They already know the answers, they've already solved
       | the puzzles. It can be very easy to just defer to them all the
       | time.
       | 
       | If you are a senior engineer who really understands a system, you
       | need to be conscious of this effect if you ever want someone else
       | to start learning your system.
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | In my experience, people underestimate their abilities and are
         | so afraid to mess things up, even in a preprod environment,
         | that they don't even try. I try to encourage people and let
         | them know they can't mess anything up, but like the saying
         | goes, you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make them
         | drink. Some people get it faster than others.
         | 
         | There's also the pressure from above to fix things quickly,
         | meaning some people don't have time to really explore and learn
         | and need to be given answers...
        
           | alostpuppy wrote:
           | 100%
        
       | robertlagrant wrote:
       | I don't see how the intermediate example gives a PC at all - king
       | can move such that it never gets there and white has the
       | advantage, no?
        
       | w10-1 wrote:
       | So: good (chess) players spend more time mentally countering
       | their proposed moves before moving.
       | 
       | For developers or managers on HN, one outcome would be that it's
       | best to start one's career in testing, or to respect the resumes
       | of those who started in QA. If/since there are hundreds of ways
       | things can break, it's a harder problem to show how it will, or
       | prove it won't; and building a mental library of fault models
       | helps in vetting designs and implementations.
       | 
       | Or, we could teach fault models directly, instead of accumulating
       | by experience. See e.g., Robert Binder, "Testing Object-oriented
       | Systems" (and ignore the model-driven-development gloss from
       | later editors).
       | 
       | But the most important note is the aside: the author avoids chess
       | as addictive. Should we ask ourselves: how can this be? Should
       | that change how I think about my own work?
        
         | singleshot_ wrote:
         | I think the ideal first job in tech is IT help desk, not QA.
         | 
         | Everything that shows up to the help desk is broken. QA people
         | need to have a skill for breaking things or at least an
         | awareness of how things break. They will learn this at the help
         | desk.
         | 
         | Otherwise: I completely agree.
        
       | morelisp wrote:
       | _In the beginner 's mind there are many possibilities, but in the
       | expert's there are few._
        
       | Chiba-City wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | vintageplayer wrote:
       | Pretty cool article with few, but quality references. Thanks for
       | sharing!
        
       | deepzn wrote:
       | Adversarial learning. Machines are inherently better at it than
       | humans, which is one more reason to worry about AI.
        
       | nicpottier wrote:
       | Hah, what a great article.
       | 
       | I play chess (poorly for the time spent on it) and I'm also a
       | reasonably successful founder of a couple software companies. I
       | find my struggle with chess is that I want to act intuitively,
       | something that has served me well all my life in other avenues.
       | But the board doesn't lie and if you don't think thoroughly you
       | will get punished.
       | 
       | I have the capacity for it, I can think thoroughly in puzzles and
       | perform much better there than my on board play but I just
       | struggle so much with the discipline during regular games to
       | falsify my moves. So much so that I've mostly given up on trying
       | to improve despite really loving the game, it just grates on me.
       | I know I could be better but I lack the discipline and I guess I
       | just don't want to exercise that discipline in a game.
       | 
       | Anyways, great article.
        
         | robinbobbin wrote:
         | > I find my struggle with chess is that I want to act
         | intuitively, something that has served me well all my life in
         | other avenues. But the board doesn't lie and if you don't think
         | thoroughly you will get punished.
         | 
         | I believe strong players do act intuitively when playing chess
         | (especially fast chess), it's just that they've developed their
         | intuition through lots of practice and thorough thinking in the
         | past. For some reason our intuition about life seems to be more
         | developed, or perhaps the game of life is incredibly complex
         | and most people are roughly at the same skill level.
        
       | jvanderbot wrote:
       | The article is fine, inspirational, interesting, and all that,
       | but one quibble: reporting ratios is potentially misleading. If
       | grandmasters spend 4 minutes falsifying for every minute
       | ideating, and amateurs spend .5 / 1, that's great. But what if
       | amateurs spend 30 minutes coming up with a move vs 1 for masters?
       | Could be the grandmaster is faster at ideation by a larger
       | fraction than he is faster at falsification. That also makes
       | sense in a "just so" sense, because maybe falsification is brute
       | force with a large depth of search, and ideation is more like a
       | lookup table - just see where your pieces can move.
       | 
       | I thought maybe I could find some primary sources, but the [1]
       | notation is just footnotes.
        
         | nqureshi wrote:
         | The primary source is the book mentioned in the post:
         | https://www.amazon.com/Think-Like-Super-GM-Michael-Adams/dp/...
         | 
         | You're right that GMs are much faster ideating, I point this
         | out later in the essay. But they also spend longer on
         | falsification, even in absolute terms.
        
         | ajkjk wrote:
         | To an extent it depends what ELO you're talking about, but I'm
         | an amateur (~1950 rated on lichess) and I find, when I watch GM
         | videos, that I have about the same move ideation as them, at
         | least in the midgame. Sometimes better, depending on the GM,
         | since everyone has different strengths. But the GMs
         | consistently better than me by a lot, of course, especially in
         | overall calculation and in knowing openings and endgame theory.
        
       | vvvvtt340 wrote:
       | I really enjoyed this article. I would recommend others check out
       | "Advice That Actually Worked For Me" by the same author. This
       | same topic is mentioned in #6.
       | https://nabeelqu.substack.com/p/advice
        
       | natrys wrote:
       | Apparently I try too hard to falsify the falsification. I became
       | convinced that h4/g3 pawns could be used as a trap while I march
       | the b-pawn. Bd5 Bxh4 b5 Bxg3 Qxf7 Qxf7 Bxf7 Kxf7 b6! and the pawn
       | can't be stopped.
       | 
       | Except it doesn't work, I needed to falsify the falsification of
       | the falsification 4 move down the line to see why :)
        
       | anoy8888 wrote:
       | i am quite confused . It started saying good chess players are
       | more careful and spent more time falsifying ideas but then he
       | later gave startup examples which is the opposite ( not so
       | careful with falsifying. Just jump into the water with conviction
       | and figure things out on the way ) . Startup game is more like
       | poker . It is very different from chess . Somehow the author drew
       | the wrong conclusions. Very confusing
        
         | Tijdreiziger wrote:
         | > Startup game is more like poker . It is very different from
         | chess .
         | 
         | That's the point of the article. It contrasts the thinking
         | styles of 'founder-types' and 'scientist-types'.
         | 
         | As a (in the terms of the article) 'scientist-type' who
         | regularly gets lost in the weeds of the details, I found it a
         | pretty interesting commentary.
        
           | blueyes wrote:
           | This is not quite true, because poker is fundamentally
           | adversarial, while startups are mostly not adversarial, at
           | least not directly.
           | 
           | Startups are a beauty contest where each player focuses on
           | maximizing the things about them that appeal most to a panel
           | of judges (customers). Similar to the scramble competition
           | that Benenson cites here, rather than an arm-wrestling
           | contest.
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31400660/
        
             | deepzn wrote:
             | Startups are competition. You're fighting with others to
             | put up the best product in market. It's a race against time
             | as well.
        
               | blueyes wrote:
               | Right, but my argument is that there are many niches in
               | the market where there is no competition, and startups
               | should try to find that and then creates moats with IP,
               | data, etc. There are many situations where startups don't
               | have direct competition, because they are inventing
               | something radically new. Often true in life sciences, for
               | example. You're right that in those cases they are in a
               | race against time, since someone will eventually come
               | along, but they can go for years without a direct
               | adversary.
        
         | csours wrote:
         | In real life, things are rarely zero-sum or have one correct
         | answer.
         | 
         | Nearly all engineering is balancing different concerns -
         | durability vs price, weight vs features, and so it goes.
         | 
         | Besides engineering, you also have game theory, political
         | science, etc.
        
         | vintageplayer wrote:
         | I don't think startup game is more like Poker. It's a lot of
         | experimentation and learning. True, you gotta protect your bank
         | roll, but the type of strategy initiatives to take are
         | something like that of a chess.
         | 
         | PS: I'm an early stage founder, who has finally some traction
         | with my current B2B data infra SaaS. I've had a failed company
         | in the past which had 4 major pivots, where we decided to
         | return most of the funding to learn few things again.
        
       | jschveibinz wrote:
       | THIS concept-looking for all the ways that a solution won't work
       | (i.e. fail)-is the key to the ideation stage of a business
       | startup.
       | 
       | Thank you for posting this.
        
       | Strilanc wrote:
       | Where is the linked post getting the 4:1 vs 1:2 time-spent-on-
       | falsification ratios that it's claiming? It's like the heart of
       | the entire argument, but it's not sourced.
       | 
       | Edit: Ah, okay, it's probably in the book being discussed where
       | he says they recorded thought process while playing (
       | https://www.amazon.com/Think-Like-Super-GM-Michael-Adams/dp/...
       | ).
        
         | nqureshi wrote:
         | It's from the book I mention right at the beginning of the
         | essay. https://www.amazon.com/Think-Like-Super-GM-Michael-
         | Adams/dp/...
        
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