[HN Gopher] Docuseal: Open-source DocuSign alternative
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       Docuseal: Open-source DocuSign alternative
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 488 points
       Date   : 2023-07-20 10:04 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | saqadri wrote:
       | Just today I was forced by Docusign to pay $45/user/mo in order
       | to continue using the service for a single document I had to send
       | out for signatures. Seeing this pop up on HN right after feels
       | really nice. The cloud-hosted version seems to be very simple to
       | use, so nice job on this.
       | 
       | Like some of the other comments pointed out, the key element here
       | is trust -- in the 3rd-party platform collecting signatures, and
       | in the confidence that it cannot be manipulated. These are
       | solvable challenges, but calling that out explicitly in your
       | documentation and website copy will help convert skeptics, or at
       | least convince them to give it a try.
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | DocuSign is free for 3 signatures a month - did you need more
         | or were you using more advanced features?
        
           | wintermutestwin wrote:
           | https://www.docusign.com/plans-and-pricing
           | 
           | Looks like it is $10/mo for 5. I don't see free...
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | They don't advertise it, but if you start the trial then
             | cancel, it'll downgrade you to the free plan. The features
             | are limited - you have to upload every time and recreate
             | the fields every time, but it works for occasional use.
        
           | saqadri wrote:
           | There was a free trial period that expired, and there was no
           | free option for additional documents that required multiple
           | signers.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | I think you just got hit by their marketing page that hides
             | the fact that there's a free plan. I'm on the free plan and
             | I was able to send out a document with three signers. https
             | ://rr.judge.sh/Screenshot%202023-07-20%20at%201.03.45%E...
        
       | o1y32 wrote:
       | Signing documents online is not a technical problem but a
       | business and legal problem. DocuSign and other commercial
       | companies have a business not necessarily because they have any
       | unique technology or the best user experience (they often do),
       | but because they handle all the complex stuff around signing
       | documents.
       | 
       | A reality many people don't see is that many commercial companies
       | really have the expertise in certain areas and have the resources
       | to handle the non technical side of things, at least much better
       | than open source communities. Similar to "open source tax filing
       | software", I'm afraid this is another example of people thinking
       | open source solves every problem. I for one don't see myself
       | using any of such tools unless they are actually reliable,
       | competitive and trusted by many corporations and individuals.
        
         | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
         | > I for one don't see myself using any of such tools unless
         | they are actually reliable, competitive and trusted by many
         | corporations and individuals.
         | 
         | People said the same in 1999 for online banking.
         | 
         | "According to research by Online Banking Report, at the end of
         | 1999 less than 0.4% of households in the U.S. were using online
         | banking. At the beginning of 2004, some 33 million U.S.
         | households (31%) were using some form of online banking. Five
         | years later, 47% of Americans used online banking, according to
         | a survey by Gartner Group"
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_banking#Internet_and_cu...
        
       | sizzle wrote:
       | Docusign legal team is probably foaming at the mouth after seeing
       | this. Godspeed OP
        
       | Alifatisk wrote:
       | Can I redact text too? If not, is there any software close to
       | Adobe Acrobats functionality?
        
         | miniBill wrote:
         | You can try the latest version of Scribus for editing PDFs
        
           | sgc wrote:
           | I haven't used Scribus in some years. Would the apt version
           | be good enough, or is there some bleeding edge tech they just
           | released?
        
       | supermatt wrote:
       | The way a system like docusign works is that it is a (trusted)
       | independent third party that will verify that the owner of email
       | address X is the one that "signed" the specific version of an
       | agreement.
       | 
       | By self-hosting, you have access to the infrastructure and can
       | manipulate it to your will. There is no proof that the
       | counterparty signed anything - you could just manipulate it to
       | say they did.
       | 
       | This potential for misuse could make it difficult to enforce your
       | contract should you be required to do so.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dtx1 wrote:
         | Not entirely true, cryptographic signatures exist. For example
         | the EU eIDAS Law allows Advanced Cryptographic Signatures to
         | basically just be PGP Signed Emails
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | Which unfortunately nobody uses because non-cryptographic
           | signatures (such as Docusign or this but hosted by an
           | independent third-party) are considered good enough in
           | practice.
           | 
           | Hell, nobody even has a smartcard reader, and as far as I
           | know none of the eID cards have contactless capability that
           | phones (who all have NFC readers nowadays) can use.
           | 
           | I wish smartcards took off and computers included readers as
           | standard. This would not only solve strong authentication but
           | also payments (just insert your bank card and do EMV-style
           | payments with comparable levels of security).
        
             | pohuing wrote:
             | The German eID has had that for years now. And it works
             | pretty well. Only problem is that nobody uses it because
             | our processes aren't adapted to it.
             | 
             | The first time I used it for anything, apart from signing
             | pgp keys, was to collect 200EUR rent assistance and it
             | worked flawlessly in 4 minutes.
        
               | imdoor wrote:
               | Latvian eID also provides cryptographic signing, and it's
               | widely used when communicating with governmental
               | institutions, because it's mandated by law that they must
               | accept such digitally signed documents, and they have the
               | same legal power as regular documents. I believe the
               | situation in Estonia and Lithuania is probably similar.
               | Many businesses also accept them but it's not universal.
        
             | Foobar8568 wrote:
             | We do use this type of signatures here but for specific use
             | cases, generally with administration like bodies, but not
             | only. Generally speaking, the basic eSign covers 9x% of the
             | needs.
        
           | supermatt wrote:
           | Yeah, we use them here in Lithuania - but I have never seen
           | them used for private contracts.
           | 
           | I'm not even sure how i can use my signature outside the
           | AWFUL experience that is the government esig portal.
           | 
           | I dont think they are accessible for non-resident entities
           | either - i.e. i can only get lithuanian signatures through
           | the lithuanian portal.
           | 
           | This likely explains why they arent used b2b as you would
           | need a separate contract process for foreign and domestic.
        
         | awinter-py wrote:
         | I mean both parties have an email receipt (but then why not
         | just use email)
         | 
         | I think the infrastructure need here is extensible messaging.
         | There are a lot of multiparty flows with notification and
         | recordkeeping requirements
        
         | jsight wrote:
         | I do wonder about that for self-hosting a service like this.
         | But how often do actual disputes arise between parties as to
         | whether a document was actually signed or fraudulently altered?
         | 
         | TBH, even a contract rests on a certain amount of trust between
         | the involved parties.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | It's not about how often but about if a dispute arises. If in
           | that case the signature can't be trusted why signing in the
           | first place?
        
           | somery wrote:
           | When selfhosting it - it's possible to connect AWS S3 to
           | store the documents - AWS with S3 logs could be used as a
           | source of trust to ensure the documents are not altered.
        
             | yencabulator wrote:
             | Nothing prevents the person running the software from
             | submitting a "bad document" stating anything they want,
             | with plausible IPs and timestamps etc. _That_ is the
             | problem.
             | 
             | A third party like DocuSign is somewhat comparable to using
             | an escrow company to buy a house. You trust the escrow
             | company to not steal the money, but you don't have to trust
             | the seller. You trust DocuSign to not forge document
             | metadata.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | TIL that Google Docs has a built-in eSignature capability:
       | https://support.google.com/docs/answer/12315692?hl=en
       | 
       | In beta though, so consider that when using.
        
         | tiahura wrote:
         | Adobe Acrobat also has it.
        
       | ketanip wrote:
       | Very nice and easy to use product. Loved that you provided an
       | live version to try it without any signup wall or anything.
       | 
       | Also won't DocuSign accuse you of "misleading" their customers by
       | using a name that is "too similar" to their ?
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | It does seem on somewhat dangerous ground for "trademark
         | similarity testing", "consumer perception", etc...with
         | "docu-<next word starts with S>".
         | 
         | I'd have gone with "DocSeal" or something that was a harder
         | break from the "DocuSxxx" pattern.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | Thanks for pointing this out - it actually didn't expect that
           | because of GitHub and GitLab and i haven't hears any
           | trademark dispures between them. When Gitlab differs from
           | Github by only 2 letters - DocuSeal vs DocuSign is already 3
           | letters.
           | 
           | But i think that's a valid concern and i need to better
           | investigate this - changing the name shouldn't be a problem
           | when the project is still very new.
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | Yeah, it's one of those things where there's no definitive
             | guidance, just loose tests. It's possible, for example,
             | that DocuSign wouldn't care.
             | 
             | But, it seems different from GitLab/GitHub since the second
             | word starts differently. GitHut, GitHow, GitHot, etc, vs
             | GitHub would be more similar here.
        
             | MaKey wrote:
             | I'd keep the name and not worry too much (I like it). Going
             | after a small open source project would be bad press for
             | DocuSign and even if they did, it would be a promotion for
             | DocuSeal and you could change the name afterwards.
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | I think the real problem with the name is that there is a
         | docuseal.co
        
         | paulnpace wrote:
         | > won't DocuSign accuse you of "misleading" their customers by
         | using a name that is "too similar"
         | 
         | Docuseal would be the winner with all the free press, and
         | changing a name costs almost nothing.
        
           | tough wrote:
           | They should make a seal be the mascot
        
       | tiffanyh wrote:
       | These projects never realize that eSign tech is a commodity, the
       | actual business you are in is creating market level Trust for
       | your platform.
       | 
       | Eg if you're a CFO, would you being willing to take the risk just
       | to save a couple of bucks on a no-name eSign service for all your
       | sensitive legal & vendor agreements, or use the worldwide Trusted
       | eSign platform of DocuSign - which has gained acceptance by
       | regulators as being an authoritative legal signature of
       | contracts.
        
         | hgs3 wrote:
         | Competition is a good thing and a core tenet of capitalism. If
         | we don't have competition and regulators are wedding themselves
         | to one particular business then that means we have a government
         | sanctioned monopoly.
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | > eSign tech is a commodity
         | 
         | We learned this pretty quickly with our banking products.
         | Having your own bundled, first-party e-sign features can help
         | differentiate your product from other vendors, but if the
         | _only_ thing you are selling is e-sign, they probably won 't
         | look at you. We do have an in-house e-sign feature in our
         | product now. We evaluated integration with Adobe & DocuSign,
         | but their APIs were so far away from what we needed that we
         | decided to DIY.
         | 
         | Consider this - what is a bank going to do with raw access to
         | something approximating docusign APIs? They outsource
         | everything. Their _vendors_ are the ones who would be consuming
         | something like this and then reselling it. Getting onto the QVL
         | for a US financial institution (and staying there) is usually a
         | monster battle if you are a new kid on the block.
         | 
         | If you still wanted to market this solution towards US
         | financial institutions, I'd start with the vendors of those
         | institutions. Companies like Jack Henry & Associates, FiServ,
         | CSi, FIS, Harland Clarke, et. al.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | That's interesting that you ended up developing an in-house
           | document e-signing feature for your product. I'm curious,
           | would it be possible for you to choose a self-hosted and
           | open-source solution like Docuseal, integrated with your
           | product to outsource the complexity and speed up the
           | development? (if such an option existed back then?)
        
             | bob1029 wrote:
             | > outsource the complexity
             | 
             | Honestly the bulk of complexity seemed to emerge from the
             | mismatch between what we thought would be a good e-sign API
             | and what APIs were actually available.
             | 
             | The way our product works, we need to have access to the
             | raw signature specimen at various stages of the signing
             | process because we have a document generation feature that
             | dynamically inserts the specimens into the appropriate
             | fields. Put differently, we don't show the documents until
             | we first have a signature (and initials) specimen collected
             | from the e-sign participant. This is basically the exact
             | opposite of how most vendors work, but our customers
             | _really_ like it this way.
             | 
             | We also needed a way to in-line bank-specific e-sign
             | consent documents into the experience, giving the e-signer
             | a way to decline consent and have this decline kick off an
             | appropriate back-office workflow. The other reason we went
             | in house is we wanted to completely close the loop. After
             | the last e-signer completes their piece, our product
             | detects this condition and submits all final documents to
             | the institution's long-term cold storage system. Getting
             | _this_ to work with a 3rd party API looked like a total
             | non-starter to me - We can 't just send the docs right
             | away. There are time-of-day constraints on when those
             | systems will be available throughout the week.
             | 
             | Our e-sign solution ultimately turned into a workflow-style
             | experience with 6-7 steps.
        
               | yencabulator wrote:
               | > Put differently, we don't show the documents until we
               | first have a signature (and initials) specimen collected
               | from the e-sign participant.
               | 
               | Why would I sign something I haven't seen?
               | 
               | Businesses & government in USA seems to like asking for
               | my signature on a little LCD pad, without showing me what
               | I'm signing. That's absolutely horrible and anti-consumer
               | behavior.
               | 
               | (And yes, I do diff DocuSign-style PDFs before and after
               | the insertion of the pseudosignatures and visible
               | watermarks, or PDFs from before and after a email-print-
               | sign-scan-email cycle.)
        
               | pottertheotter wrote:
               | > The way our product works, we need to have access to
               | the raw signature specimen at various stages of the
               | signing process because we have a document generation
               | feature that dynamically inserts the specimens into the
               | appropriate fields. Put differently, we don't show the
               | documents until we first have a signature (and initials)
               | specimen collected from the e-sign participant. This is
               | basically the exact opposite of how most vendors work,
               | but our customers really like it this way.
               | 
               | Can you elaborate on this? Why people would want to have
               | the signature first before showing the document?
        
               | bob1029 wrote:
               | In our solution, providing the up-front signature does
               | not construe immediate consent to terms of whatever
               | hypothetical documents. We have a subsequent review phase
               | where the customer is expected to confirm each document
               | meets their expectations (i.e. _with_ their actual
               | signature on it). Only after confirming all of the
               | documents is the transaction considered to be completed
               | and the signed copies taken as official.
               | 
               | The more complicated answer is that we are serving
               | e-signatures for business accounts wherein there might be
               | 10+ authorized signers involved. In these cases, we want
               | to permit parallel sign completion. To allow this, each
               | signer gets to view an isolated scope of documents with
               | just their signature affixed. This also helps to conceal
               | the signature specimens of other parties until the entire
               | transaction is considered finalized. If a required party
               | to an account does not want to participate, then no one
               | gets to see anyone else's ink.
               | 
               | At the very end, all participants of the signing ceremony
               | receive emailed copy of documents that combine signatures
               | from all participants.
        
         | FpUser wrote:
         | >"Eg if you're a CFO, would you being willing to take the risk
         | just to save a couple of bucks "
         | 
         | Typical FUD preached by many online companies to lure
         | customers.
         | 
         | Even verbal contracts are enforceable (with the caveats of
         | course). These will be fine for the most boring cases. The
         | others are signed with lawyers anyways.
        
           | gamblor956 wrote:
           | _" take the risk"_
           | 
           | This is the important part you're ignoring. Yes, verbal
           | contracts between businesses are binding, but only to the
           | extent you can actually _prove_ the terms in a court of law.
           | 
           | Using DocuSign (or similar) is about risk mitigation,
           | specifically about being able to _prove_ the the contents of
           | the contract in legal proceedings.
           | 
           | The risk with being a business that allows for verbal
           | contracts is that one of your vendors may be unscrupulous and
           | truly screw you over. And that's a matter of _when_ , not if.
        
             | FpUser wrote:
             | You are suddenly switching from Ducusign vs Docuseal to
             | DocuSign vs verbal. That was not point of my reply.
        
             | gnicholas wrote:
             | I've never understood how DocuSign mitigates the risk any
             | more than both parties signing a PDF in Preview (or
             | similar) and exchanging via email. Doesn't the email part
             | validate that you are the person signing the document?
        
               | somery wrote:
               | I think that's a valid point - and actually in their
               | terms of services say that they are not responsible for
               | the signer authenticity.
               | 
               | Here is a summary from their TOS:
               | 
               | "DocuSign provides tools and features that help to
               | establish the authenticity of a signer, such as email
               | verification, access code, SMS verification, phone
               | verification, and knowledge-based authentication.
               | However, it's important to note that while these tools
               | can enhance the security and authenticity of the signing
               | process, DocuSign itself does not guarantee the
               | authenticity of the signers. The responsibility of
               | ensuring the identity of the other party lies with the
               | user"
        
         | guideamigo wrote:
         | You are right.
         | 
         | Alternative to eSign is to just send PDF documents. And as the
         | person to add their signature to it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | grokgrok wrote:
         | If your company has a board and a CFO then sure, go with the
         | trusted solution. If you're starting a scrappy, modern, real
         | world business, things like this can help avoid death by a
         | thousand cuts that is paid microservices.
        
       | phrz wrote:
       | One of the features DocuSign charges a lot of money for is batch
       | envelopes, like uploading a CSV to fill out fields and send to
       | different recipients (basically Mail Merge). Is this something
       | that could work in DocuSeal?
        
         | somery wrote:
         | I was planning to add this week a feature to download csv or
         | xlsx with all the data from submitted documents (the person
         | that posted this link on HN somewhat spoiled the release - it
         | was not be posting this link and wanted to wait just a bit )
         | 
         | But I'm sure this can work the other way around - it should be
         | easy to make it possible to import contacts from csv to collect
         | signatures and data from the PDF submissions form in batches.
        
         | johnfonesca wrote:
         | Our product Bulksign https://bulksign.com does this, the name
         | of the product is directly inspired by that feature (sending
         | same documents for signature to hundreds of recipients).
        
       | reisr3 wrote:
       | What is the bar for a "legally binding digital signature"? Is
       | this a very complicated topic - or is it quite simple?
       | 
       | I can sign a PDF with OSX Preview for free. I can pay a bunch of
       | money to sign with Docusign. Both produce a PDF with a digital
       | image of my signature. I assume both documents constitute a
       | legally binding agreement, so long as I actually preformed the
       | digital signature. What justification do the e-signature SaaS
       | companies have for their exorbitant prices? I understand the
       | "audit trail" angle - that's just collecting my IP every time I
       | interact with the document.
       | 
       | Is this a big SaaS scam?
        
         | V__ wrote:
         | As always, it depends on the jurisdiction. The EU has the eIDAS
         | [1] which allows simple signatures such as these for most form-
         | free-contracts (the majority). There are however some, which
         | need a digital cert and have to be encrypted.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIDAS
        
           | traspler wrote:
           | And Switzerland ZertES: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZertES
           | - There are not normally various levels of trust with afaik
           | only QES (Qualified Electronic Signature), the highest level
           | to legally be on the same level as a hand signature.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | See the recent Canadian case of the thumbs up emoji signature
         | [0]. The bar for a legally binding contract is much lower than
         | what most people believe. The main thing you need is to be able
         | to prove that the other party actually did express their assent
         | to the contract. In the thumbs up case, who sent the text was
         | not disputed, so the issue hinged on whether a reasonable
         | person would interpret thumbs up emoji as expressing assent.
         | 
         | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36618650
        
         | lawtalkinghuman wrote:
         | The legal rules around formality are somewhat complicated. To
         | give you an idea, here are the broad laws in England and Wales.
         | 
         | Not a lot of formality is required for most contract signing,
         | and so long as the other side of a contract is sure that you
         | signed it, a PDF signed in a standard PDF editor like Preview
         | is almost certainly fine.
         | 
         | But if you are making a deed, there are attestation
         | requirements under s1 of the Law of Property (Miscellaneous
         | Provisions) Act 1989 - see
         | https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/34/section/1
         | 
         | If a company is executing a document, it has to follow the
         | rules in sections 43 to 47 of the Companies Act 2006. See
         | https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/part/4/crosshea...
         | 
         | For property transactions, there's still an issue in use of
         | e-signatures. There's a statutory scheme for "e-conveyancing"
         | set out in Part 8 of the Land Registration Act 2002 which gives
         | the Land Registry the ability to set up provision for using
         | e-signatures for formalities that previously required wet ink
         | signatures. They never got round to actually implementing this
         | up until COVID restrictions made it somewhat impractical to get
         | wet ink signatures so made a temporary change to allow it. When
         | the COVID restrictions were lifted, they've gone back to the
         | old practice but have promised that they're totally going to
         | sort out a permanent solution. Whether they will is another
         | matter.
         | 
         | See https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/electronic-
         | signat...
         | 
         | I've personally used an iPad with an Apple Pencil to sign and
         | have attested a (non-company) deed that had to comply with the
         | LP(MP)A requirements and nobody seemed to have any trouble with
         | it.
         | 
         | I suspect the target audience of a lot of e-signature SaaS
         | products are companies where there are teams managing a lot of
         | documents being signed across multiple jurisdictions, and
         | juggling between sales, in-house legal and so on. Most of the
         | problems those products are solving are likely business process
         | issues rather than strictly legal requirements.
        
         | magundu wrote:
         | I had same feeling when I build a free tools to unlock the
         | password protected pdf. It can be easily done with OSX Preview.
         | Then I see that people who don't have technical knowledge and
         | tools, they can easily unlock pdf from browser itself.
        
         | hellcow wrote:
         | Docusign makes it easy to collect lots of signatures from lots
         | of people. That's the use-case from my POV. 1 signature on 1
         | doc, use any PDF tool--no problem. When a board needs to
         | approve 4 docs and you need 5 signatures on each, it needs to
         | be easy.
         | 
         | Whether that's worth Docusign's pricing or if there's better
         | alternatives, up to you. But it's objectively a helpful tool.
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | > _Docusign makes it easy to collect lots of signatures from
           | lots of people. That's the use-case from my POV. 1 signature
           | on 1 doc, use any PDF tool--no problem._
           | 
           | Collecting lots of signatures isn't Docusign's value prop.
           | 
           | The value is signature certification, and a proven track
           | record in court.
           | 
           | A single signature on a PDF is not technically difficult. The
           | machinery to reasonably guarantee (edit: verify is a better
           | word here) that it was _you_ who signed the PDF is the thing
           | that matters.
           | 
           | The value increases from there as the complexity of the
           | document being signed increases.
        
             | Canada wrote:
             | DocuSign doesn't really do anything to reasonably guarantee
             | that it was any particular person who signed the PDF. Not
             | that it really matters. If there was something worth suing
             | over then usually there will be plenty of other evidence as
             | to who signed the agreement.
             | 
             | Really the only thing that DocuSign does is timestamp the
             | actions on the document. In order to get that a self hosted
             | implementation would need some kind of third party system
             | to act as a witness.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | Do you _know_ what DocuSign is doing on the backend, what
               | logs they 're keeping and data they're tracking?
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | They're capturing more than just timestamps. If possible,
               | they'll associate a signature with a DocuSign profile,
               | which itself has a history of interactions with DocuSign
               | servers. They also capture associated emails, IP/browser
               | info, drop cookies, location data if enabled, etc.
               | 
               | None of this guarantees Person A signed the doc, but the
               | point is to systematically collect as much info as
               | possible to be used if someone _does_ sue, and to check
               | the boxes that customers need checked in a consistent
               | manner that they can sell as an effective solution that
               | stands up in court.
               | 
               | I'm not saying they're doing anything unique here, but
               | customers - especially enterprise customers - buy it for
               | all of these things, not just because it makes
               | coordinating many signatures easier.
               | 
               | The typical "no one gets fired for buying DocuSign" adage
               | applies here.
        
               | zokier wrote:
               | Depends on country how much verification DocuSign is able
               | to do, and also the higher levels of verification are
               | opt-in. In some countries it can be backed with fairly
               | strong auth schemes, in other places stuff like video
               | calls are used.
               | 
               | This link has list of different IDs they support in
               | different countries:
               | 
               | https://support.docusign.com/s/document-
               | item?language=en_US&...
        
         | tiahura wrote:
         | Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Signatures_in_Globa...
         | 
         | "may not be denied legal effect, validity, or enforceability
         | solely because it is in electronic form"
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | > What justification do the e-signature SaaS companies have for
         | their exorbitant prices?
         | 
         | They will defend their digital signature in court.
         | 
         | I was shocked to find these "click here to sign" contracts
         | manage to do it all without an ounce of cryptography, but the
         | fact is lawyers don't need cold hard math, they need a warm
         | body to be a subject matter expert to explain to a jury that
         | unless you're claiming someone else has access to your inbox,
         | you're the one that clicked the button.
        
           | flaviut wrote:
           | I'm skeptical--are there any court cases where they've
           | actually testified about this?
        
           | bottled_poe wrote:
           | Bingo. This is why it's worth paying for. It's more akin to
           | paying for insurance than paying for software.
        
           | doliveira wrote:
           | Yeah, I find it funny to see technologists being surprised
           | that in most cases judges won't mind that the signature
           | wasn't done with quantum-resistent cryptography stored in a
           | blockchain or whatever. Technical solutions to political
           | problems...
        
           | _jal wrote:
           | Like anything, but especially in law, the devil is in the
           | details. Docusign has been rejected by a court before -
           | 
           | https://www.cryptomathic.com/news-events/blog/us-court-
           | rejec...
           | 
           | That was fact-specific and doesn't call Docusign invalid, but
           | it does demonstrate why simply "using Docusign" might not
           | save you in a dispute.
        
             | gamblor956 wrote:
             | Not really applicable, in that situation there were local
             | court rules requiring physical documents and "wet"
             | signatures (i.e., signed in person with a pen). The UST
             | specifically noted that absent those rules DocuSign would
             | have been acceptable.
             | 
             | Also...the article is from 7 years ago...
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | Of course it is applicable. The Docusign users failed to
               | use it in a way that would be legally valid.
               | 
               | If you have a more recent case that seems relevant or
               | invalidates that result, post it. Otherwise I'm not sure
               | what being 7 years old has to do with anything.
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | You're attempting to make a mountain of a single
               | instance, years ago, of an electronic signature being
               | rejected by a non-judicial officer in a quasi-judicial
               | proceeding and trying to make it out like a general
               | policy when it is so rare an exception that no court
               | _before or since_ has ruled against the consensual use of
               | electronic signatures by the parties.
               | 
               | If you have any evidence that electronic signatures can't
               | be used in court proceedings, and not just in the limited
               | circumstance of one US Trustee's meeting room, the onus
               | is on you.
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | > If you have any evidence
               | 
               | I never claimed I did, and I have no interest in talking
               | to someone intent on making up weird crap I never said,
               | so I'm going to ignore you now.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | I had to get a notary to sign my I-9 form for a new remote
           | job. The process of identity verification involved a
           | seemingly 19 year old dude looking at my ID and then signing
           | a piece of paper.
           | 
           | A website sending you an email and tracking your IP and
           | keeping a log... seems to be about the same level of trust to
           | be honest.
        
             | yencabulator wrote:
             | Notaries are personally responsible for any misconduct with
             | up to a felony criminal case for violations. Including not
             | sufficiently verifying the identity of the person in front
             | of them. Sure, most states will just slap them with a $500
             | penalty, but they'll also revoke the notary status pretty
             | quickly.
             | 
             | I would like to re-emphasize _personally_. It 's not a
             | business risk, it's a personal liability.
        
             | owenmarshall wrote:
             | Ageism aside, you are describing a system where an
             | unrelated third party who has experience validating your
             | state/federal identity documents validated yours, visually
             | comparing the person presenting the documents to the
             | picture on the ID, then signed a log in his possession that
             | he'd testify to in court if needed.
             | 
             | That feels like a pretty damn good system to me, and far
             | beyond the system you handwave at. Where's the complaint?
        
         | mhrmsn wrote:
         | I think there's more to that. A proper digital signature
         | requires you to obtain some certificate/key from an authority
         | which you can then use to sign documents (this doesn't even
         | require an image of your physical signature in the document).
         | This proves that it was actually you who signed the document.
         | The document also can't be altered afterwards without rendering
         | the signature invalid etc.
         | 
         | Just adding the image of your signature to a PDF is probably
         | fine for unimportant things, but it certainly isn't enough to
         | be legally binding (at least in the EU).
        
           | V__ wrote:
           | It actually is for most contracts. See eIDAS.
        
           | Foobar8568 wrote:
           | Oral agreement is enough to be legally binding in several
           | countries in Europe. And most providers can reach what ever
           | European directives on eSign.
        
         | bux93 wrote:
         | Mostly yes. In the EU at least, the rule is "An electronic
         | signature shall not be denied legal effect and admissibility as
         | evidence in legal proceedings solely on the grounds that it is
         | in an electronic form or that it does not meet the requirements
         | for qualified electronic signatures."
         | 
         | However, the burden of proof is higher if you dispute a
         | "qualified electronic signature". To be qualified, there's no
         | specific technical requirements, e.g. use of cryptographic
         | signatures, but you'd need to be certified and registered as a
         | "Remote QSCD" according to ETSI EN 419 241-2 PP.
         | 
         | Self-hosting this solution (or using PGP) won't magically make
         | you a certified QSCD trust provider. You need to convince some
         | certifying body that everything is nice and safe, which will
         | mostly involve a lot of paper work and (evidence of) processes
         | being in place.
        
           | pantulis wrote:
           | > Self-hosting this solution (or using PGP) won't magically
           | make you a certified QSCD trust provider. You need to
           | convince some certifying body that everything is nice and
           | safe, which will mostly involve a lot of paper work and
           | (evidence of) processes being in place.
           | 
           | This! Just like a self-signed SSL certificate for a website:
           | yes, the traffic will be encrypted but you cannot be sure
           | that the website is who it says it is.
        
       | Gasp0de wrote:
       | How do these electronic signatures work? Is it PGP? Where does
       | one store the secret (e.g. private key) and how can someone prove
       | that it is really my signature?
        
       | arnley wrote:
       | What makes docuseal better than documenso, which is in the same
       | space and also open source?
       | 
       | https://github.com/documenso/documenso
        
         | somery wrote:
         | Documenso doesn't have all the features that are currently
         | available at DocuSeal - also Docuseal if free in the Cloud when
         | Documenso is $30/month
         | 
         | Afaik the only thing Documenso can do is to place a signature -
         | when with Docuseal it's possible to create more complex PDF
         | forms with different field types like file/image/checkbox etc.
         | 
         | While Documenso looks like an ambitions project - DocuSeal
         | already appears to be more robust and can become a true
         | DocuSign alternative with all the features already available
         | and open-source
        
           | wintermutestwin wrote:
           | >Documenso is $30/month
           | 
           | WTF? Considering that DocuSign is $25 or even $10 and has the
           | name and weight behind it, I can't imagine that they are
           | selling many subs.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | The benefit of DocuSign for me is, my clients already use
       | DocuSign and have no problem using it with me.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | Do your clients even notice, though?
         | 
         | I'm a rare user of these platforms, but all I ever see is that
         | I get an email with a link to sign something. Sometimes it's
         | DocuSign and sometimes it's Adobe or something else, but I
         | certainly don't feel any loyalty towards one over another, and
         | as a signer, I certainly don't trust the platforms to hold onto
         | my copy for me.
         | 
         | It seems that unless you've got clients who are trying to use
         | DocuSign as their personal document management system, as long
         | as the interaction flow is essentially the same it should be
         | fine.
        
           | KingOfCoders wrote:
           | It's usually NDAs they want (an me to provide) to have and
           | DocuSign is fine with their legal department because they use
           | it themselves.
           | 
           | If I can't use DocuSign usually I need to print a PDF, sign
           | it, scan it and send it back.
        
       | insanitybit wrote:
       | I suggest a new name. `SealDoc` etc. The `Docu` part is going to
       | cause you trouble imo.
       | 
       | I would also suggest maybe an explainer about how it's possible.
       | Specifically, what makes a contract legally binding if it uses
       | this system? The main reason people use DocuSign/ HelloSign is,
       | in my opinion, because it feels safe _legally_ to do so. Are
       | there laws that make it possible for your service to work?
        
       | quadrature wrote:
       | What is the API like ?, is this something I could easily embed
       | into an application ?
        
         | somery wrote:
         | embedding will be available in August - the ideas is to create
         | a npm package to bring the PDF document form into apps for
         | developers
        
           | quadrature wrote:
           | thats awesome. great work developing this!
        
       | sandGorgon wrote:
       | any chance you want to include docsend functionality ? it is VERY
       | incremental to what you are doing. And a bunch of us would
       | totally pay for it.
        
         | somery wrote:
         | can you please elaborate what exactly from docsend you'd love
         | to see available in docuseal?
        
       | trallnag wrote:
       | Last time I wanted to sign a document with the reputation of a
       | third party I used PandaDocs free tier. Worked fine enough
        
       | noodlesUK wrote:
       | In order for this to be legally useful to users in the EU/UK,
       | this would need to comply with the eIDAS regulations. I'm not
       | sure what that entails, but it would be worth looking into.
       | 
       | A lot of the value of a signature provider comes from it being a
       | neutral trusted third party. They slap a signature and a time
       | stamp on a document, and you can get them to testify that the
       | document existed in a particular state at a particular time.
        
       | woodylondon wrote:
       | As i understood it the difference was esignature (was what this
       | was providing) and esign was to sign with a digital certificate.
       | esignature is plenty for most things.
       | 
       | Docudeal looks really cool and simple! and compared to the crazy
       | costs of HelloSign, Docusign etc.
       | 
       | One thing I would say is provide a RestAPI so easy to integrate
       | into our own applications so we can have the GUI on our side.
        
         | somery wrote:
         | RestAPI integration will be available in August
        
       | guideamigo wrote:
       | Ruby backend in 2023!
        
       | victor9000 wrote:
       | Oof, unfortunately the Alfredo license kills a lot of use-cases
       | for this project.
        
         | somery wrote:
         | can you please elaborate which use-cases? - maybe that's
         | something that actually can be possible by splitting some parts
         | of the project into MIT licensed dependencies?
        
       | jstummbillig wrote:
       | Sweet! The SaaS pricing in this space is insane. Will look into
       | it.
        
         | dcu wrote:
         | have you looked at zapsign.co? it's a good UX and it's not too
         | expensive
        
           | wintermutestwin wrote:
           | I just tried it out and it was totally unintuitive how to add
           | fields to a PDF. I tried to chat with support, but it wants
           | you to use WhatsApp. (?!) Then I went to their youtube
           | channel to see if I could see a walk through and every video
           | is in Spanish. I guess they aren't interested in other geos
           | like the US.
        
       | somery wrote:
       | Hi everyone, my name is Alex and I'm the creator of DocuSeal.
       | 
       | I was not happy with the existing mainstream document signing
       | solutions so I decided to create an open-source alternative.
       | 
       | I've been working on this project since the middle of May and
       | here is what the tool can do so far:
       | 
       | - PDF form fields builder
       | 
       | - 10 field types available (Signature/Date/File/Checkbox etc)
       | 
       | - Multiple submitters per document
       | 
       | - Automated emails via SMTP
       | 
       | - File storage on AWS S3, Google Storage, or Azure
       | 
       | - Automatic PDF eSignature
       | 
       | - PDF signature verification
       | 
       | - User management
       | 
       | - Mobile-optimized
       | 
       | DocuSeal can be self-hosted on-premises or used in the Cloud for
       | free. DocuSeal was built with Ruby on Rails with a bit of Vue3
       | for complex UI parts like the form builder.
       | 
       | Looking for some feedback and would be happy to answer any
       | questions
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | > - File storage on AWS S3, Google Storage, or Azure
         | 
         | I'm guessing it's just a mistake/miss in this comment, but for
         | file storage it is also possible to store it locally on the
         | server right? Otherwise all "editions" are "in the Cloud" yes
         | or yes, so would kind of defeat the purpose of the self-hosted
         | version.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | It's possible to use local storage or Aws s3, Azure, Google
           | Cloud to store files. When storing locally it makes all the
           | documents 100% owned by you - but in some cases companies
           | might want to bring a third party files storages to ensure
           | the integrity of the documents.
           | 
           | But as was mentioned before in the comments - maybe bringing
           | AWS QLDB as a third party to ensure the consistency of data
           | with a local files storages is the best option. This way all
           | documents can be logged with a third party so they can't be
           | altered - while to content of the documents won't be shared
           | with any third party.
        
         | michaelmior wrote:
         | I tested it out briefly and it looks very cool for something
         | put together within a couple months. One thing that doesn't
         | seem to work at the moment is automatically recognizing
         | existing PDF form fields (although perhaps there was a problem
         | with the specific PDF I tested).
         | 
         | Being able to quickly import existing forms and then just add
         | some labels would make things move a lot quicker.
         | 
         | One other thing that would be helpful is to handle variable
         | numbers of signatures required. Some documents I have to deal
         | with have space for many signatures but for any given instance,
         | only one or two might be needed. Perhaps I've missed this, but
         | I'm not sure existing templates would handle this case. I think
         | that ideally a template would contain all the signature fields
         | but then I can specify which ones are actually required when I
         | send out the document for signature.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Hi Alex. Would you be interested in help running this as a non
         | profit like Let's Encrypt, but for digital signatures? I would
         | be willing to contribute both financially and infra/DevOps/biz
         | ops to bootstrap.
        
           | abound wrote:
           | I run a small tech nonprofit (see profile) and have also been
           | unsatisfied with DocuSign and alternatives in the past. I'd
           | be happy to help if I can be useful here, either with hosting
           | (and PKI) or with development directly.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | It's hard to say at this point if something like Let's
           | Encrypt can exist in this space - but I'm for sure going to
           | continue offering a free Cloud SaaS option with a generous
           | set of features for document signing. I'd love to chat to
           | explore more about the potential non-profit solution - please
           | feel free to drop me a line at alex@docuseal.co
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | I'll reach out shortly. My thoughts on this are you don't
             | remain free, but instead charge based on a cost recovery
             | model. You figure out annual people/tech/admin expenses,
             | forecast and observe request volume over time, and then
             | adjust per signing request pricing accordingly (or perhaps
             | sell buckets of requests to high volume consumers,
             | contracts ensure smooth cashflow). This enables longevity
             | and stability of the service (which gives warm fuzzies to
             | consumers of it), no concern of an acquisition or buyout,
             | while enabling servers to spin and people to eat.
             | 
             | TLDR think electric cooperative or similar. You're building
             | an internet utility/primitive for long term consumption.
        
         | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
         | hey. do you have support for pfx based signatures like jsignpdf
         | does?
        
           | somery wrote:
           | Currently it's possible to sign documents only using the
           | autogenerated pkcs7 certificate in self-hosted DocuSeal (it's
           | done automatically be default).
           | 
           | But it should be doable to make it work with different
           | certificate formats to bring your own certificates.
           | 
           | I'd be happy to explore those options and would appreciate it
           | if you could open on issue on GH in case you're interested to
           | have this supported this in the tool.
        
         | 29athrowaway wrote:
         | Does it comply with US regulations for e-signatures? Otherwise,
         | what's the point to have a signature that is not legally
         | binding?
         | 
         | That is the whole point of signatures. Otherwise it is just an
         | image editor.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | The E-Sign Act grandfathered in existing agreements that
           | existed digitally prior to Oct. 1, 2000. All agreements after
           | this date, however, must comply with the following set of
           | guidelines in the E-Sign Act to be considered legally
           | binding:
           | 
           | - Intent to sign. Electronic signatures are only valid if the
           | involved parties have the intention to sign. Signature
           | requests can be declined.
           | 
           | - Consent to do business electronically. Involved parties
           | must agree to conduct transactions electronically.
           | 
           | - Attribution. The signature must uniquely attribute to the
           | individual signing the document.
           | 
           | - Association of signature with the record. E-signatures must
           | have a mark on the document from the signer that can then be
           | associated with the record.
           | 
           | - Record retention. Electronic documents must be savable,
           | viewable and printable by either party.
           | 
           | I think the tool provides all that - usually when working as
           | a contractor i've been signing documents in PDF viewer and
           | sending them back via email and that was what my clients
           | wanted me to do. Tools like DocuSeal are making the process
           | of signing docs easier than doing it via email.
        
             | 29athrowaway wrote:
             | And how do you achieve this with this?
             | 
             | How secure is it? How confidential are the records? How
             | does it guarantee integrity?
        
               | somery wrote:
               | When self-hosting it - it's up for the company that is
               | using the tool hosted on-premises to ensure that all
               | their specific requirements are met - i think DocuSeal
               | provides enough features to make this happen.
               | 
               | AWS S3 to store documents can be integrated with DocuSeal
               | to ensure the documents integrity - AWS services have
               | their own logs that can't be altered and so can be used
               | as a source of trust.
               | 
               | And to ensure that the document was signed by a real
               | person companies can include photo attachments into the
               | documents signing process (this could be a photo of an ID
               | card or a selfie)
        
               | 29athrowaway wrote:
               | Then it is the most toxic thing you can ever self-host. I
               | will gladly pay any company to get all the liability on
               | my behalf.
               | 
               | This is the "I have a friend that does it cheaper" of
               | e-signature solutions.
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | I am involved with two nonprofits that need to have an easy way
         | to get many non-technical people to sign a document. Each is
         | paying for their own DocuSign account. The thing is, they only
         | need to do 6-12 documents per year each, so the cost per
         | document is insane.
         | 
         | Testing it now with fingers crossed and hoping that the cloud
         | version sticks around.
        
           | wintermutestwin wrote:
           | Darn. I created a document, setup the info for three sigs,
           | added the recipients emails and then it was unclear how to
           | push it out. I guessed at "Submit it yourself," which
           | required me to add my email so I used the first recipient's
           | and then it opens the doc for me to fill out. It asks for
           | full name and then when I submit, "next" just keeps spinning.
           | FWIW, I am running FireFox with UBO, etc.
           | 
           | This is really important to me, so I'd be glad to work with
           | you to troubleshoot and provide detailed user feedback.
        
             | somery wrote:
             | The emails are automatically sent to the recipients after
             | you submit the modal window to add them (there should be
             | 'SENT' status displayed next to their emails)
             | 
             | Regarding the form issue - it looks like some js client
             | side bug - i'll try to investigate this.
        
           | wintermutestwin wrote:
           | I was going to try it with Safari, but it didn't recognize
           | the account that I created earlier in FF...
        
         | 1equalsequals1 wrote:
         | Looks like great work for a 2 month project
        
           | somery wrote:
           | Thanks
        
         | cyberax wrote:
         | > Looking for some feedback and would be happy to answer any
         | questions
         | 
         | It would be great if you could add support for AWS QLDB. It's
         | an immutable blockchain database (basically, "git with an SQL
         | interface"), and you can periodically "stamp" it by notarizing
         | its hash with one of the public blockchains.
         | 
         | This way you can guarantee that the records are going to be
         | immutable and unalterable.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | thanks, i think that's an interesting space to explore. there
           | were many comments regarding the 'consistency' of the
           | data/documents so solving this 'trust' issue especially when
           | selfhosting it is really important
        
         | V__ wrote:
         | This looks great. What's the best way to contribute a
         | translation?
         | 
         | I think a great feature would be an email with a confirmation
         | link after the pdf gets signed to ensure the owner of the email
         | was the person who signed the document, if the link share
         | option is used.
        
         | btown wrote:
         | This is amazing work, and this space desperately needs an open-
         | source solution!
         | 
         | The signing experience could use some polish, but it's well on
         | its way. A few things: clicking a signature field immediately
         | opens a file upload despite the very functional draw-your-
         | signature canvas. Focusing to type into a field scrolls the
         | page not so the field is in view, but so it's at the top of the
         | viewport, which prevents the reader from seeing the paragraph
         | of context above the field. And minimizing the bottom panel
         | where you type fields should be unminimized if you click
         | another field, otherwise it can cause non-technical users to
         | feel "stuck." Oh, and in terms of demonstrations, the demo PDF
         | should likely be a (fake) legal contract of some sort, to show
         | off how things can be positioned in a realistic document!
         | 
         | If there's one thing I'd suggest you implement, though, it
         | would be the ability to embed the signing interface in an
         | iframe whose URL can be parameterized to prefill values via the
         | query string, e.g. following https://helpx.adobe.com/sign/adv-
         | user/web-form/url-parameter.... (Oh, and postMessage to the
         | parent page when signing is done so the interface can react to
         | that!)
         | 
         | So many real-world workflows can be handled with a simple
         | wizard that pre-populates a PDF to sign, with the values from
         | that wizard. But most of the solutions out there charge an arm
         | and a leg for this, with large minimum order sizes and even
         | charging for the view even if the user doesn't complete the
         | form! Not to mention that letting people self-host, thereby
         | avoiding third-party cookie issues, makes things significantly
         | more accessible.
         | 
         | Really looking forward to how this progresses!
        
           | somery wrote:
           | Thanks for the feedback! All your UI suggestions/fixes make
           | sense and will definitely be brought into the the tool soon!
           | Also I like the idea of using some 'fake' legal document for
           | the demo.
           | 
           | Regarding the iframe - i've been thinking about creating an
           | npm package for better integration with the host app - but
           | maybe giving an option to use iframe should be available as
           | well for companies that don't have developers to implement a
           | better integration with the npm package.
        
         | dtx1 wrote:
         | Hi Alex,
         | 
         | what a great idea, thank you very much. Two years ago I was
         | evaluating different signing solutions for the company I worked
         | with and there were two killer features that forced us to go
         | with docusign since at the time they were the only ones really
         | supporting it:
         | 
         | 1. Relaying of Submissions to other Signers
         | 
         | We often found that we needed to get a Signature from someone
         | at another company. However, we couldn't a priori say "Person X
         | has to sign it". Often we had a contact person that would help
         | us navigate the internal structure of the other company and
         | relay the signing to that person. Docusign has the ability to
         | allow us to say this person we know can decide who has to sign
         | this document, even if we don't know that person. No one else
         | at the time supported that use case.
         | 
         | 2. Qualified Electronic Signatures
         | 
         | So... Here in Germany our Government has some kind of Angst
         | (might call it german angst) of anything digital. A Handwritten
         | signature on a piece of paper is held in such high regards that
         | the digital equivalent (qualified electronic signatures)
         | require a video ident workflow with a passport held into the
         | camera and so on. This has to be done via a third party service
         | that takes like 15-20 Euro per validation. I know it's insane.
         | There's a reason that theres no german silicon valley...
         | Anyway, there are many situations where this level of
         | validation is required by law.
         | 
         | Just my 2cts after dealing with this issue here, I think 1. is
         | something you might look into implementing, cause it's a use
         | case that might come up more often, 2. is just really annoying
         | for everyone.
        
           | rkagerer wrote:
           | I'm interested in reading more about #2, can you provide a
           | source?
           | 
           | https://www.docusign.com/products/electronic-
           | signature/legal... doesn't mention anything about videos or
           | passports. I could see how that might be one means a third
           | party has chosen to collect proof of intent, but haven't
           | found anything legally mandating it.
        
             | zokier wrote:
             | https://support.docusign.com/s/document-
             | item?language=en_US&...
             | 
             | This describes how docusign uses video identification for
             | document signing.
             | 
             | > If they request qualified signatures, you must verify
             | your identity with the IDnow video service after selecting
             | the SIGN button.
             | 
             | Signicat, another document signing service, uses WebID to
             | do video verification
             | 
             | https://www.signicat.com/identity-methods/web-id
             | 
             | > The WebID service VideoID provides call-center
             | functionality, where trained support agents can verify the
             | validity of the provided identity papers and ask security
             | questions to the end-user during a live video call.
        
             | dtx1 wrote:
             | This may be german law specific, the overarching EU
             | Legislation can be found by googlign "qualified electronic
             | signature".
             | 
             | In general they require complete, verified cryptographic
             | signatures via smartcards or similar but because no one
             | uses it, videoident has become the defacto alternative in
             | germany
        
               | V__ wrote:
               | That's a misconception. Most contracts or form-free and
               | can be made by handshake if one wants to. There are
               | however some exceptions, which require either physical
               | signatures or the qualified signatures as declared by
               | eIDAS. Those exceptions are some employment contract and
               | most things related to banking.
               | 
               | The need for identification over video, etc., has more to
               | do with the know-your-customer laws.
        
               | bestham wrote:
               | Most physical bearers (smart card or similar) of a
               | Qualified Certificate are issued in person or based on a
               | known identity. Here there is no need for remote
               | identification before the issuance of the certificate.
               | 
               | What you are talking about is a "remote signature
               | service". Such a service will often onboard a user
               | remotely using a physical ID, video and liveliness checks
               | and give them the credentials to produce advanced or
               | qualified electronic signatures with the service in
               | question. These credentials have to meet LoA Substantial
               | or High for a QTSP to be able to issue a QC to a user.
               | Most remote signature services use very short lived
               | certificates (10-15 minutes) that are created for every
               | signature the user produces. (As opposed to the long
               | lived certificates of several years for a physical card).
               | 
               | Germany have to follow the eIDAS-regulation as a member
               | state of the EU/EAA. But what level of signature is
               | needed for what transactions is not regulated in the
               | eIDAS.
        
         | FpUser wrote:
         | Thanks for nice work. Will be checking it out and most likely
         | using IRL if works as advertised.
        
         | Bilal_io wrote:
         | Thank you for creating this and making it open source.
         | 
         | What mechanism(s) is used to ensure non-repudiation?
         | 
         | I appreciate that the demo is not behind a sign up wall, but is
         | account creation and email verification required for invitees
         | to sign any documents?
         | 
         | Are IP addresses stored as part of the digital signature?
         | 
         | Any other mechanism?
        
           | somery wrote:
           | IP addresses and browser User Agent strings are stored for
           | each signature/submission - those are the only measures for
           | 'non-repudiation' currently available.
           | 
           | but i think it doens't differ from other mainstream SaaS
           | solutions - if you read through their terms of services -
           | they put 'non-repudiation' liability on users of their
           | services
        
             | rgarcia wrote:
             | Another method you might consider implementing would be
             | identity verification via SMS code. I've experienced this
             | with docusign: https://support.docusign.com/s/document-
             | item?language=en_US&...
             | 
             | It requires you to know the phone number of the signer, but
             | for important stuff you typically do.
        
             | dtx1 wrote:
             | Those are both unfortunatly trivially faked
        
               | infogulch wrote:
               | And yet it's the standard practice for normal people.
        
               | dtx1 wrote:
               | From my research this has 0 legal validity, at least in
               | germany in regards to the EU eIDAS. They are just smoke
               | and mirrors for companies to make them "feel" secure but
               | without cryptographic ensurances (Advanced Electronic
               | Signature) or TLS like Signed Cryptography (Qualified
               | Electronic Signature) this is just as legally binding or
               | not binding as an E-Mail
        
               | etothepii wrote:
               | Unless you are a qualified lawyer it would be polite to
               | begin a comment like this with IANAL.
               | 
               | IANAL but in the common law world a contract requires 3
               | things:
               | 
               | * Offer and acceptance
               | 
               | * Consideration (something of value)
               | 
               | * An intention to form legal relations.
               | 
               | Acceptance is, of course, what a signature signifies.
               | Acceptance is "a matter of fact" and thus in reality
               | pretty much anything will do.
        
               | TheNewsIsHere wrote:
               | Yeah, it's not like in the spirit of the law you can
               | perform your part of the contract and then get away with
               | saying "I never agreed".
               | 
               | In the US, we have a federal law that covers electronic
               | contract signing. I believe it's part of the UCC? (I'm
               | not an attorney, and that area isn't one I practice with
               | in tech either.)
        
               | V__ wrote:
               | > just as legally binding or not binding as an E-Mail
               | 
               | Which is legally binding. In Germany most contracts are
               | free-form contracts (Formfreiheit) and only need
               | declarations of intent in the form of offer and
               | acceptance. This can be a handshake or even a head shake.
        
               | infogulch wrote:
               | Or perhaps even an emoji reaction in a text chat, as
               | described elsewhere itt.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | Signatures are pretty easy to fake too, because basically
               | noone verifies them.
               | 
               | In practice, the security involved only has to reach the
               | "good enough" threshold and not a 100% hack proof level.
        
           | hkhanna wrote:
           | One of the tough things about a party-controlled, self-hosted
           | e-signature is that it becomes easier to repudiate because a
           | party to the contract has custody of the platform.
           | 
           | The non-custodial party can claim they never signed, and when
           | the custodial party produces evidence of IP address and
           | timestamp, the non-custodial party may have a credible
           | argument that they are faked and the person asserting those
           | authenticated details has the motive and means to fake them.
           | 
           | That argument is much harder to assert with something like
           | DocuSign because it is unlikely DocuSign would put their
           | business on the line to fake someone's signature.
           | 
           | I'm not saying repudiation based on custody of the
           | e-signature platform is a winning argument, but it's
           | something to consider before self-hosting if you are going to
           | use the platform to sign your own contracts.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | If only someone would invent a public nonrepudiatable
             | ledger.
        
               | yencabulator wrote:
               | The problem is that it would require _everyone_ to
               | monitor the ledger for falsified versions of their own
               | signature. That works a lot better in the world of
               | Certificate Transparency where Google can scan for
               | google.com registrations. It does not scale well to every
               | human being doing that, or outsourcing it.
               | 
               | The fundamental challenge here is that there's no way to
               | tell, based on a the signature alone, which signatures
               | are "valid" and which are "forged"; they're not
               | cryptographic signatures. And getting cryptographic
               | signatures for lay people is apparently too hard to do,
               | outside of Estonia's digital citizenship initiatives.
               | 
               | It might be neat if the big guys agreed on an OIDC
               | extension that let you piggyback text to be affirmed by
               | the user. Cryptographic proof that jane.doe@gmail.com saw
               | text with hash H at time T and chose "Accept".
        
               | ooterness wrote:
               | Like a chain of blocks? Where each block is signed by
               | adding a prefix that produces an increasingly difficult
               | hash?
        
               | yokem55 wrote:
               | It could probably be done with a merkle based signature
               | log that whoever is hosting the service could provide.
               | 
               | To cheat, the party hosting it would probably have to
               | forge signatures for everyone after the disputed
               | signature.
        
               | yencabulator wrote:
               | As long as we're talking about non-cryptographic-
               | signatures, the party hosting the e-signing software can
               | claim any signature to have happened at any time. The
               | whole point was DocuSign would be _unlikely_ to do this.
        
               | shmichael wrote:
               | I have Zero Knowledge about this topic
        
               | snapplebobapple wrote:
               | someone should combine a chain of blocks for identity
               | management with one for financial transactions/tokens and
               | one for signature attestation. We could call it the cube
               | chain and usher in web 4.0.....
        
               | cseleborg wrote:
               | Wait... You're talking about Git, right? Brilliant idea!
               | You could sign a pull request, and once it's signed, you
               | can then merge the businesses. But how do you show a diff
               | of the signature? And what if it's not for a corporate
               | merger?
        
               | TheNewsIsHere wrote:
               | That's just crazy talk. Corporate mergers are the only
               | transactions there are!
        
               | xur17 wrote:
               | But what keeps someone from forking your git repository
               | and insisting that their HEAD is the source of truth? How
               | can we get a globally agreed upon source of truth?
        
             | lesuorac wrote:
             | > That argument is much harder to assert with something
             | like DocuSign because it is unlikely DocuSign would put
             | their business on the line to fake someone's signature.
             | 
             | This seems like the claim that the USG will be unlikely to
             | put it's Military on the line so they won't leak any tank
             | designs on discord.
             | 
             | Happy to concede that the CEO of DocuSign wouldn't do this
             | but surely some 15$/h employee doesn't have that same
             | opinion.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | The support person should not have that kind of access
               | without auditability and traceability. Even Sundar should
               | not be able to log into a console and read your emails
               | either.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Sure but that's a different argument than the one
               | presented above.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | Someone implied that counterfeiting a sig or altering
               | one, etc. was just as easy in Docusign as it would be
               | with on on-site one-party controlled system. It just
               | isn't.
        
         | rodolphoarruda wrote:
         | Hi Alex. First of all, congratulations. The product looks great
         | for a 1.5 month worth of dev work. Impressive.
         | 
         | Is it possible at the moment to send signature requests via
         | WhatsApp? (even at a cost per send)
        
           | somery wrote:
           | It's not possible at the moment - but i've been planning to
           | add this feature to use phone number and text messages
           | (including WhatsApp) as a second layer of authorization when
           | signing docs. Stay tuned!
        
           | WirelessGigabit wrote:
           | If it's a US phone number, you can send an email to the phone
           | number:
           | 
           | E.g. for T-mobile it is @tmomail.net.
        
         | gamblor956 wrote:
         | _can be self-hosted on-premises_
         | 
         | This kills it as a viable alternative to DocuSign. The point of
         | Docusign is that it is an _independent third party_ that
         | maintains custody of the signed contract and proof of
         | acceptance (i.e., digital signatures) by all parties to the
         | contract.
         | 
         | A self-hosted digital signature system isn't worth anything in
         | court; the other parties will simply reject the authenticity of
         | any data held within it and the amount you'd have to spend to
         | get that data into evidence would probably pay for several
         | centuries of DocuSign's enterprise edition.
         | 
         | That being said, the cloud-hosted option seems viable as a
         | competitor for Docusign if it's offered by you/your
         | organization as a service, and could provide financial support
         | for continued development.
        
           | somery wrote:
           | >A self-hosted digital signature system isn't worth anything
           | in court; the other parties will simply reject the
           | authenticity of any data held within it and the amount you'd
           | have to spend to get that data into evidence would probably
           | pay for several centuries of DocuSign's enterprise edition.
           | 
           | When self-hosting it - you can integrate it with AWS s3 Azure
           | or Google Cloud files storage - those are the trustworthy
           | third parties that provide the entire history of logs to
           | ensure that the documents were not altered and signed at
           | specific date/time with the specific content.
           | 
           | So bringing cloud storage providers as a thirdparty when
           | self-hosting will bring enough evidences to the court to
           | defend the signed documents.
        
       | Karunamon wrote:
       | Definitely going to formally evaluate this; it looks
       | straightforward enough to administer and prices outfits like
       | Docusign charge are just north of silly.
        
       | rkagerer wrote:
       | It's great to see fresh efforts being made in this space. I
       | categorically refuse to use DocuSign, due to objectionable
       | clauses in their Terms and Conditions (
       | https://www.docusign.com/legal/terms-and-conditions or
       | https://archive.ph/y27U4). Some examples are below. As far as I'm
       | concerned _nobody_ should agree to use their service.
       | 
       | Unfortunately DocuSign has monopolized electronic signatures in
       | some contexts (examples from my own local experience: healthcare,
       | real estate), to the extent that it's become exceedingly
       | difficult to request a simple PDF to print, hand-sign, scan and
       | return. Such friction is common at companies who outsource their
       | paperwork to third party workflow providers. I'm fortunate that
       | folks I do business with tend to want my signature badly enough
       | to escalate to someone with authority who can make a procedural
       | exception, but I doubt everyone is so lucky and suspect many
       | users are effectively "bullied" into accepting the Terms
       | regardless of their wishes.
       | 
       | Clauses I find objectionable include:
       | 
       | - various consents to analytics, including use of my data to feed
       | their machine learning (might have been more palatable if they
       | provided some insight and stronger confidentiality assurances)
       | 
       | - 2.1.1 waiver of jury trials and class actions
       | 
       | - 8 indemnification (a and e are a little broad, I'm not going to
       | pay for your lawyers in circumstances that don't warrant it)
       | 
       | - 9.2 is unfair; any damages caps should be reciprocal
       | 
       | - confusing and possibly overly-broad intellectual property
       | rights clause 1.1 (they should explicitely restrict their
       | protections to only DocuSign's IP, not "all IP").
       | 
       | - They expressly disclaim any warranties regarding accuracy,
       | quality, fitness for purpose or that information they provide
       | will be error-free. That feels dangerous in the context of
       | forming contracts. A fundamental value proposition of their
       | business is accuracy ("Oops we made a mistake and actually your
       | counterpart did not really sign the document..."). Liability here
       | falls back to the parties, and as a consumer I refuse to be
       | liable for their mistakes.
       | 
       | - Nor am I a fan of increasingly common clauses along the lines
       | of "we can modify our terms at any time and you'll be deemed to
       | accept the revisions" or "you further agree to any other notices
       | we might choose to inject elsewhere onto our site" or vague
       | expectations I consent to additional third party licenses not
       | disclosed at this time (and ironically some of their preamble
       | along these lines seems to be in conflict with 10.8). If you and
       | I agree to something, then later you want to change your mind,
       | you'd better come back and seek fresh consent. If you're making
       | changes so often as to make that annoying and inconvenient, then
       | it's a sign you have too many salaried lawyers on staff and need
       | to replace them with a team empowered to stop wasting my time and
       | yours and get this right the first time. Customer attention is a
       | precious resource, and companies sending out legal updates on a
       | frequent basis can't possibly in good faith expect consumers to
       | keep up with reading them.
       | 
       | - I take offense to their Terms page making connections to
       | Twitter, Facebook, Salesforce, Google analytics, etc. and
       | subjecting me to cookies prompts. All this is _not_ required to
       | simply provide me with your terms of use, and somewhat
       | inappropriate seeing as I haven 't yet consented to anything.
       | 
       | These are off their current website, but I recall similarly
       | problematic terms the last time I started (and subsequently
       | abandoned) a signature attempt some years back.
       | 
       | And don't even get me started on their Privacy policy. (Among the
       | various problems... nobody should have to "opt out" of their
       | personal data being sold to other parties).
        
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