[HN Gopher] Linux Guide for Power Users
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       Linux Guide for Power Users
        
       Author : yarapavan
       Score  : 127 points
       Date   : 2023-08-07 17:19 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (xnacly.me)
 (TXT) w3m dump (xnacly.me)
        
       | frantathefranta wrote:
       | > As said before, in this tutorial we will be using Manjaro due
       | to it:
       | 
       | > * containing a fully configured system (yes bloat, idc its a
       | beginners tutorial)
       | 
       | So is it for beginners or power users? Or can that be the same
       | person? Choice of Manjaro is also curious, considering its
       | history.
        
         | artisanspam wrote:
         | > considering its history
         | 
         | Can you elaborate?
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | It's amateur hour over at Manjaro. They've pushed breaking
           | updates, insecure settings, etc. Their infrastructure is
           | poor, as well.
        
           | tenacious_tuna wrote:
           | I don't know everything, but I do know they've let their
           | HTTPS cert expire a few times [1], and they apparently delay
           | package updates from upstream for like 1wk for "stability"
           | reasons... which doesn't really add any stability, and just
           | slows down releases.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/wr2dps/manjaro_l
           | et_t...
        
         | bil7 wrote:
         | You can drop in replace Manjaro with EndeavourOS to achieve
         | Arch on easy mode these days.
        
           | pxc wrote:
           | Arch has easy mode built in1 these days.
           | 
           | --
           | 
           | 1: https://github.com/archlinux/archinstall
        
             | ArisakaDJB wrote:
             | I must've used this a dozen times in the last few months
             | helping friends. It never fails to amaze me. Has options
             | like a btrfs layout with sane defaults, choice of DE and
             | Tiling, etc.
             | 
             | I'm writing this from an installation I made today using
             | it.
        
         | dingnuts wrote:
         | it's for power users of proprietary OSes who are beginners to
         | Linux
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | > _So is it for beginners or power users? Or can that be the
         | same person?_
         | 
         | Reasonable and good question. I tend to see that as orthogonal
         | (but with some overlap) as "power user" is more of a mindset to
         | me.
        
           | benbenolson wrote:
           | I see it as "power user" meaning "a power user of Windows."
        
       | iueotnmunto wrote:
       | My recent gripe is that I've used Linux for more than half my
       | life and I'm well into my 30's. I feel like my ability to
       | navigate a system has gone _backwards_, Debian no longer accepts
       | 'init 0' as a command, ipconfig isn't a command anymore, systemd
       | changed the whole subsystem from underneath me, ubuntu/snap
       | decided not only to litter+bloat my filesystem with needless
       | duplicates but also that not only would I prefer Firefox be a
       | snap package (which broke my workflow), but that it would require
       | me to go well out of my way to solve that, Gnome decided that I
       | wanted a touchscreen layout (I custom compile gtk+ to remove the
       | 'search on type' behavior in file>open dialogs, most major
       | packages seem to default to nouveau which while a great movement
       | seems to totally break critical path regularly.
       | 
       | How the hell have we gotten to a point where Linux closely
       | reflects the instability of the Windows ecosystem. I'm not afraid
       | of change, but I feel like the large majority of changes that are
       | made cause me problems to the point where I now fear upgrading my
       | distro to latest.
        
       | cumshitpiss wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | vcg3rd wrote:
       | "This guide is meant as a loose inspiration for a poweruser
       | looking to switch to Linux."
       | 
       | It's your guide, but as a non-technical Linux power user of over
       | 2 decades, I don't think I would recommend Windows or Mac power
       | users make the immediate shift to the (Neo)vim and i3 "metaphors"
       | (if that's the right way to express it). I'd recommend KDE for
       | Windows PUs and Pop? Peppermint? (I forget which disto aspires to
       | the MacOS look and feel.
       | 
       | I started using Emacs for Org because I don't program, and I
       | gradually added email, file management, irc, gopher, roam, and
       | other "functionality" as I became more proficient. I finally
       | switched any key binding I could anywhere to Emacs, but I would
       | never suggest Emacs to a Windows or Mac PU unless they already
       | used it, let alone modal editing if they never used it and didn't
       | live in a text editor.
       | 
       | When I started using Org there were not many decent open source
       | plaintext information managers that could also do agendas, to-
       | dos, etc. I mostly used Zim prior. Not all PUs live in text
       | editors, program, or edit configuration files in a modal editor.
       | Why would someone who uses a text editor primarily to edit
       | configuration files do so in a modal editor unsteady of Gedit or
       | Kate or even nano or micro?
       | 
       | Today, I would likely recommend Joplin for a PU who wants open
       | source plain text information management plus a multitude of
       | plugins on any platform and any GUI text editor with good syntax
       | highlighting and customization and a Desktop Manager. It would
       | allow for more gradual transition because being a PU on Windows
       | or Mac means making significant changes would actually be more
       | difficult.
       | 
       | But you can have my Emacs when you pry it from my cold, dead
       | hands.
        
       | ulkesh wrote:
       | So it's a tutorial where the goal is to be able to take a
       | screenshot, post to Reddit, and feel cool. There are a few pieces
       | of good information, but it's for people learning Linux (how to
       | install, run a package manager, etc), not power users, which I
       | would define as someone who understands a lot of the OS and takes
       | as much advantage of the system at hand.
       | 
       | I feel as if I'd qualify as a power user, who has used Windows
       | since the 3.1 days, who has used MacOS since the Tiger days, and
       | who has been using various Linux distributions since 1999 -- I
       | definitely wasn't the intended target audience of this article.
       | 
       | With a title of "Linux Guide for Power Users," I was hoping for
       | some interesting scripts or relatively unknown applications that
       | might be fun to tinker with. I always love to learn something new
       | that I didn't know before (an example: recently I discovered
       | TimeShift which is really a fancy wrapper around rsync and BTRFS,
       | but it's a pretty nice GUI to help create and restore snapshots
       | that I wasn't aware of before).
        
         | koito17 wrote:
         | Your first paragraph is spot on. A quick look at the ToC made
         | me think it's a "how to reproduce every r/unixporn screenshot
         | ever" rather than teaching something interesting about Linux
         | for people well-versed in administering or using other Unix-
         | like systems (e.g. Mac OS, FreeBSD, ...).
         | 
         | This may be oddly specific to myself, but I hate having to
         | memorize internal IPs and like to address my computers with
         | their hostnames. This article makes no attempt to tell me
         | _anything_ about hostnames, mDNS, DNS-SD, etc. on Linux. Is
         | mDNS configured OOTB on most Linux distros like it is on Mac
         | OS? If not, which implementations should I consider using? So
         | on, so forth.
         | 
         | I also find it a bit amusing NeoVim is automatically chosen for
         | the reader. I'll stick with Emacs, and I know many others will
         | stick with VS Code or just plain old Vim. :)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Given_47 wrote:
         | > This guide is meant as a loose inspiration for _a poweruser
         | looking to switch to Linux_.
         | 
         | Yea the title and the intro sentence have a subtle, but very
         | important difference.
         | 
         | And I appreciate the effort but I'm ultimately still confused
         | who the target audience is. I've only ever used macOS (like ~9
         | years computer experience) but currently setting up Gentoo, and
         | being a "power user looking to switch to Linux" myself, I
         | would've found it more helpful to summarize the Linux
         | equivalents and added optionality to macOS "power user" things.
         | 
         | Eg u use yabai on mac, well here's i3 and [other options].
         | Desktop environment? You actually can choose and here's an
         | overview. Like it went from "eli5 what's a distro" to vim
         | keybindings so there was that inconsistent definition of "power
         | user."
         | 
         | I'm obviously biased in terms of what I wanted _to see_ but my
         | larger point is the inconsistency
        
       | user6723 wrote:
       | A "power user" is definitively someone not hacker minded.
        
       | orliesaurus wrote:
       | Why would you install Arch-based Manjaro? Why not just go with a
       | flavor of Ubuntu to start becoming productive from like minute 5?
       | And if you're really trying to become a super-user why not NixOS?
        
         | nateb2022 wrote:
         | Manjaro can be just as productive out of the box as Ubuntu can.
        
         | frfl wrote:
         | Personally, the biggest appeal of Arch is the great wiki, a
         | large number of up to date packages without snap/ppa whatever
         | else Ubuntu makes you do, and the AUR for anything else that
         | isn't available in the regular package repos.
         | 
         | I've only used Ubuntu for work, and typically the versions of
         | things are quite out of date. Where as Arch, for all it's warts
         | and costs (setup, maintenance etc) gives you those things for
         | free.
         | 
         | I haven't found Arch that much more difficult to work with. For
         | 2 years I used it on a work laptop without issue. Only recently
         | messed up something while updating firmware drivers which
         | requires more than 5 mins/week/month to diagnose.
        
           | vdfs wrote:
           | Arch wiki is a great resource even if you are on an other
           | distro, only difference is config file location in most
           | cases.
           | 
           | Having up to date packages also mean having new bugs you have
           | to deal with, for some users having a stable things outweigh
           | having cutting edge.
           | 
           | Never understood people obsession with distro, whatever work
           | for you is fine, they are all linux+open source tools
        
             | captn3m0 wrote:
             | The Arch Wiki has the advantage of only having to manage
             | documentation for (mostly) a single set of packages. Every
             | non-rolling distro ends up maintaining separate websites
             | for each releases.
        
         | Adverblessly wrote:
         | Personally, if I'm recommending something for daily use (as in,
         | you plan to do more than just work on this device) I could only
         | recommend a rolling release where your software is always up to
         | date. You'd usually want and expect software to be up to date
         | (at least for software that isn't trying to screw you ;)) and
         | if something you are using has a bug, waiting for the next
         | Ubuntu release is unreasonable. Also, if your packages update
         | regularly (and you update them regularly :)), it is much easier
         | to debug when things go wrong since you can more easily keep
         | track of recent changes.
         | 
         | Similarly, I wouldn't recommend Ubuntu to beginners because the
         | dist-upgrade process is very scary and unreliable (in fact, I
         | don't think I've ever seen dist-upgrade succeed fully without
         | errors or manual intervention), so I wouldn't want to have that
         | unpleasent surprise waiting for them when they aren't ready for
         | it. The situation around snap is also likely to leave a sour
         | taste in their mouth ("Why am I being nagged to close Chrome 2
         | weeks from now? And why am I _still_ nagged after I just closed
         | and reopened it?! " not to mention "Why can't I open this file
         | in Chrome?").
        
           | orliesaurus wrote:
           | What would you recommend instead of Ubuntu for beginners?
        
             | akho wrote:
             | (not the person you're asking, but I have an opinion)
             | 
             | For beginners who want to learn how things work --
             | Slackware. That distribution _guarantees_ the beginner will
             | soon graduate to a non-beginner status, or understand that
             | it's not for them. It's a really quick result. Ubuntu et
             | al. just make it so people stay beginners forever.
             | 
             | I really like the Arch trend among beginners; it doesn't
             | quite have the educational value of Slackware, but at least
             | they try.
             | 
             | For people who just want to use a computer for normal
             | things I'd recommend an immutable distribution that doesn't
             | break (Fedora Silverblue / openSUSE Aeon) and a friend who
             | can help (ideally -- with remote access). The second
             | component is essential with any OS.
        
               | frfl wrote:
               | Can you explain more about Slackware, in what sense does
               | it help you graduate quickly and provide educational
               | value?
        
         | MountainMan1312 wrote:
         | I think there are just as many reasons to avoid Manjaro and
         | Arch as there are to avoid Ubuntu, maybe even more for Ubuntu.
         | Ubuntu is a mess.
        
           | PrimeMcFly wrote:
           | What are your reasons to avoid Arch, out of curiosity? For me
           | it would only be System D, really, that and that I like Void
           | and Alpine more.
        
         | PrimeMcFly wrote:
         | If you want to become a power user, then using something as
         | relatively bloated and dumbed down/obscuring as Ubuntu is not a
         | good pick.
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | I still don't know what a "power user" is supposed to be, after
         | seeing the term for like 30 years. Seems to describe a range
         | from "able to leap tall spreadsheets in a single bound" to "the
         | person in the office who knows how to fix things".
         | 
         | In my experience, most long-term unix nerds today seem to end
         | up using (a) whatever is in front of them or (b) vanilla
         | Debian.
        
           | Given_47 wrote:
           | The articles definition of it was certainly opaque but
           | personally, I consider it a relative term.
           | 
           | "[Insert random AI tool] will make all users become power
           | users!"
           | 
           | By my framing, that's literally impossible. There's always
           | people that can do/get more value out of _the thing_ than the
           | majority, ie power users
        
         | bluefishinit wrote:
         | Yay/AUR pretty much always has what I'm looking for. Apt-get,
         | not so much. I also never want snaps or whatever they're
         | called. Ubuntu is a mess.
        
         | safety1st wrote:
         | NixOS is not an obvious choice if you want to become a "Linux
         | super-user." It takes a very unconventional approach to package
         | management, building and configuring your system. All great for
         | what it is but not going to teach you the conventional Linux
         | way of doing things.
         | 
         | I don't know if this is still the case but when installing
         | Arch, it used to be that you would start with a very basic set
         | of essential packages and then build everything up from
         | scratch. That is a great way to become a power user. However I
         | thought the whole point of Manjaro was that it's an Arch
         | variant which does a bunch of that for you, so Manjaro's a
         | weird choice for this guide.
         | 
         | Edit: Looks like doing a vanilla Arch install is still pretty
         | gangsta:
         | https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/installation_guide#Install_...
        
           | accoil wrote:
           | Yeah, NixOS really benefits from you understanding what it's
           | changing.
           | 
           | Last year I wanted to make flatpak use a different partition.
           | Some searches (and reading the docs) later, I decided to use
           | /etc/flatpak/installations.d/ to add an extra location. I set
           | up environment.etc to create the file, but flatpak ignored
           | me. After some futzing around I eventually ran strace and
           | realised that it was searching the nix store, and not /etc.
           | So I wrote an overlay to have it create the file during build
           | so it existed in the store.
           | 
           | Being able to recognize that NixOS may be looking at an
           | unconventional location was what allowed me to make that
           | work.
        
         | wetpaws wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | This appears to not be for an audience of software engineers.
       | 
       | When I was young, I had a Compiz-enabled cube desktop (maybe with
       | conky running) and it was super cool and stuff and I enjoyed it,
       | so this is in that realm.
       | 
       | Nice of author to share his setup, though. It's often the case
       | that explicit instructions like these help me when I'm searching
       | for something so I always support the writing of them. I don't
       | think this should have been posted here, though.
        
       | jasoneckert wrote:
       | I really couldn't understand the information, purpose, or
       | audience for this article until I read it in the voice that
       | announces John Cena.
        
       | thatcherthorn wrote:
       | As someone who switched from Windows to Linux in college, I have
       | no regrets.
       | 
       | All of the rough edges I've encountered (usually) have resulted
       | in a better understanding of how software actually works.
        
         | Corsome wrote:
         | I have the same experience. In my case everything worked fine
         | out of the box (after several test installs of Arch).
         | 
         | The best distro for a new Linux user is actually the same
         | distro your best friend uses. When things get dire it's good to
         | have a direct help (Arch Wiki is great but one needs to know
         | how to extract most or its knowledge).
        
         | soraminazuki wrote:
         | Can't agree more, looking at what Windows has become from
         | Windows 8 and onwards. It used to be that Windows users chose
         | Windows over Linux because they saw it as the OS that "just
         | lets them get their work done." No one can possibly say that
         | about the Windows of today, the OS that gets in the way at
         | every turn and corner to squeeze profits out of users who
         | already paid.
        
         | frfl wrote:
         | I feel exactly the same. Not going down this route around the
         | same time I probably would've gone Windows 7 -> Windows 10 ->
         | Windows 11 and had to deal with all that brings with it.
         | 
         | Instead going fully Linux had its pain points, but the
         | learning, exposure to everything and the experience was well
         | worth it. Looking back, so many of the issue I ran into ~10
         | years ago barely exist today - at least I rarely run into those
         | kind of hurdles either due to more experience or the ecosystem
         | just being quite stable and mature now.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | Likewise. I think moving my whole life to Linux has also
           | benefitted my career greatly. Because of the time I've spent
           | hacking on my personal system, squeezing out performance,
           | fixing common issues, etc, I'm pretty damn good at doing so
           | for Linux servers. Those skills have come in really handy for
           | me many times.
        
       | nektro wrote:
       | > Manjaro is not superior or inferior to any other Linux
       | distribution
       | 
       | quite the contrary, https://github.com/arindas/manjarno
        
       | 31b3r3t7 wrote:
       | Power users use Gentoo.
        
         | nateb2022 wrote:
         | Not if they don't want to spend a third of their time
         | maintaining their system.
        
           | MountainMan1312 wrote:
           | That's a bunch of propaganda. Sure it takes longer for the
           | initial setup, there's no "click this button to install
           | Gentoo" menu, but once you've got it setup it's _easier_ to
           | maintain.
        
             | nateb2022 wrote:
             | It's easier to maintain a very fine-level of control, but
             | only _if_ users are prepared to invest the time and effort
             | to keep themselves up to date on the software that makes up
             | their system. Sure, that is probably assumed to some degree
             | as part of being a power user, however alternatives like
             | Arch and nixOS are capable of providing similar levels of
             | configuration with a little more ease, at least in certain
             | places.
             | 
             | > but once you've got it setup it's easier to maintain.
             | 
             | In general, this is not the case compared to more out-of-
             | the-box distros like Debian, where upgrading is simply a
             | matter of "apt update && apt upgrade".
        
               | fhduksbegd wrote:
               | Minor correction would be to use
               | 
               | sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade -y
        
         | MountainMan1312 wrote:
         | Can't remember the exact quote but:
         | 
         |  _" People who use Ubuntu know Ubuntu, people who know RHEL
         | know RHEL, but people who use Gentoo know Linux"_
        
           | vdfs wrote:
           | Are you even a Linux user if you haven't built your Linux
           | From Scratch?
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | seanw444 wrote:
         | Meh, I'll stick to binaries for 95% of my stuff.
        
         | PrimeMcFly wrote:
         | No, masochists use Gentoo.
        
           | HybridCurve wrote:
           | We use gentoo because a linux system without problems is
           | boring.
        
       | whalesalad wrote:
       | If I wanted a rolling release I would use vanilla Arch or
       | Tumbleweed. I would go with EndeavorOS over Manjaro.
       | 
       | I am quite happy with Debian 12, though.
        
       | waithuh wrote:
       | > for Power Users
       | 
       | > Manjaro
       | 
       | well, acceptable i guess...
       | 
       | > (yes bloat, idc its a beginners guide)
       | 
       | huh
        
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       (page generated 2023-08-07 23:00 UTC)