[HN Gopher] Amateur astronomers spot new impact on Jupiter
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       Amateur astronomers spot new impact on Jupiter
        
       Author : belter
       Score  : 37 points
       Date   : 2023-09-01 08:07 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.space.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.space.com)
        
       | BiteCode_dev wrote:
       | I'm stunned that there is a not a constant recording of those
       | bodies, with some image analysis to detect anomalies like this,
       | done by some university.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | The sky is big. Every telescope that can be used is looking at
         | something.
        
       | thetomcraig wrote:
       | It's amazing that amateur folks can provide this much insight
       | these days. I worked at JPL 10 years ago and setup a pipeline for
       | amateur Jupiter astronomers to get their images to JPL/NASA.
       | Basically JPL figured out that these people were consistently
       | producing such high quality data, that NASA could take advantage
       | of it for the Juno mission. Glad to see this in the news :).
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | It makes sense seeing that NASA/JPL only have so many
         | instruments pointing at Jupiter at any time. That number is
         | dwarfed by the number of amateurs looking at it on any night.
         | It also helps that it's one of the easiest things to view.
        
           | beebeepka wrote:
           | What does one need to look at Jupiter, visible light or not?
           | And how much would it cost to have a setup that I can feed
           | some sky coordinates and enjoy the feed/s on a screen.
           | 
           | Any useful software that also happens to be free and/or open
           | source? I just realized I don't know anything about this
           | fascinating stuff
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | There's lots of really good options available now at some
             | very affordable prices. There's quite a few reflectors in
             | the 6"-8" size that are very small and easy to set up.
             | Because the planets are so much brighter, especially the
             | moon, than deep sky objects, all of the tracking and image
             | stacking software is not necessary to start. There are
             | scopes now that come with a mobile app and a built in
             | camera.
             | 
             | Because I don't have hands on experience with anything
             | other than my gear, I can't really recommend specific
             | models. Celestron would be a good safe starting point. The
             | magazine/sites from places like Sky&Telescope or BBC Sky at
             | Night, will publish reviews of new gear ranging from
             | "baby's first scope" to as much money as you have.
             | 
             | https://skyandtelescope.org/
             | 
             | https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/
        
       | belter wrote:
       | https://twitter.com/MASA_06R/status/1696613936534360293?ref_...
        
         | tetris11 wrote:
         | If you can, you should:
         | 
         | https://nitter.net/MASA_06R/status/1696613936534360293
        
       | jebarker wrote:
       | It seems fairly frequent that amateurs observe large impacts on
       | Jupiter. Presumably they would be devastating impacts if they hit
       | Earth. Is the reason we don't get them frequently on Earth
       | because of the size difference (11X smaller than Jupiter) or
       | we're somehow protected by location?
        
         | zmmmmm wrote:
         | that was the most interesting part in the last paragraph to me:
         | 
         | > The gas giant is considered to play a big role in protecting
         | the inner solar system from asteroids and comets by attracting
         | and absorbing impacts or flinging potentially dangerous objects
         | further out into the solar system
         | 
         | It's fascinating to think how many factors have come together
         | to make life on earth so particularly viable. Even with this
         | "protection" we've had major catastrophic events that nearly
         | wiped out all advanced forms of life.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | The answer is in the sub-headline: "This gas giant regularly
         | absorbs hits from comets and asteroids, protecting inner solar
         | system worlds."
         | 
         | It's a really cool concept, though it's not settled science:
         | https://earthsky.org/space/is-it-true-that-jupiter-protects-...
         | 
         | It's interesting to consider that a Kepler planet may also
         | require larger mass planets further out to perform a similar
         | role.
        
         | sillysaurusx wrote:
         | I once heard that Jupiter protects us because it's so massive
         | that it catches rocks that would otherwise come towards us. No
         | idea if that's true, but it makes for a nice story about the
         | silent gassy protector.
        
       | pohl wrote:
       | Would there be any interesting science to be had if we sent
       | something to orbit Jupiter that could wait for, detect, and get
       | us closer readings/views of such impacts?
        
         | stouset wrote:
         | I'm sure there would be _some_ but of course those resources
         | are an opportunity cost for potentially more-valuable science
         | performed elsewhere.
        
       | JacobAldridge wrote:
       | I was only 12 when Shoemaker-Levy banged into Jupiter in 1994, so
       | wiser minds or those with better memories may correct me.
       | 
       | At the time, the leading theory for what killed the dinosaurs was
       | still quite terrestrial - volcanos and climate change.
       | 
       | There was increasing evidence for the meteorite impact theory,
       | but a big block was "Space is big, outside the early formation of
       | the Solar System comets and asteroids don't just slam into
       | planets".
       | 
       | Then comet Shoemaker-Levy showed us that they actually do,
       | perhaps still quite frequently, with Jupiter playing an imperfect
       | shield for Earth. It was one of the last roadblocks to the now-
       | widely accepted impact theory (still not 'solved' of course, and
       | perhaps only part of the extinction puzzle).
       | 
       | Dinosaurs were back in the zeitgeist thanks to _Jurassic Park_
       | (1993), but Shoemaker-Levy and the impact theory gave us the 1998
       | twin movies _Armageddon_ and (the better of the two, imho) _Deep
       | Impact_.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Was that really the leading theory you were taught? If you were
         | 12, I'm <10 years older, and even then I distinctly remember
         | the asteroid theory being taught as what wiped out the
         | dinosaurs. Climate change is kind of given after that, but the
         | asteroid was taught as _the_ cause.
         | 
         | There's been a few "big one" theories I've heard about. The
         | impending California earthquake is a popular one, but I'm
         | familiar with super volcanoes and asteroids too from childhood.
        
           | davesque wrote:
           | Yeah, I remember the same. I was 13 in 1994 and I remember
           | the impact theory being taught as _the_ cause well before the
           | Shoemaker-Levy impact.
        
         | Archelaos wrote:
         | A single event like the Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact does not tell
         | us much about frequencies on its own. Besides, the original
         | width of Shoemaker-Levy 9 was estimated to have been between
         | 1.5 to 2 km.[1] The Chicxulub meteorite was estimated to have
         | been between 10 and 80 km wide.[2] And it happened around 65
         | million years ago. So frequencies then and frequencies now
         | might be quite different. That meteorite impacts happen from
         | time to time on earth was nothing controversial. The question
         | was, whether there had been a (very rare) hugh impact, large
         | enough at the time of the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event
         | and whether this was the only cause for all those extinctions.
         | This is a very complex scenario and several of its details are
         | still debated today.[3]
         | 
         | The most important evidence that an impact was the main cause
         | of the extinction event was provided by the discovery of the
         | Chicxulub crater in 1990/91. However, the investigation of this
         | and other evidence is still ongoing. Contrary to popular
         | belief, scientific debates of this magnitude are not resolved
         | by a single ingenious theory or observation. It is the hard
         | work of many, many people over years and decades that gradually
         | changes and refines the web of belief of a scientific
         | community.
         | 
         | [1] https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/asteroids-comets-and-
         | meteors/co...
         | 
         | [2] https://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6391
         | 
         | [3] Wikipedia offers summaries of some alternative hypotheses,
         | showing how complex the arguments are:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_e...
        
         | njarboe wrote:
         | Alvarez et al., 1980 [1] was the paper that convinced most
         | geologists that the extinction was caused by an asteroid impact
         | [source, PhD in Earth Science]. They found a layer of clay with
         | very high iridium concentration at the K-T boundary in multiple
         | locations. Some asteroids have high iridium concentrations
         | relative to the Earth's crust so an impact of a large one would
         | leave this signal all over the Earth.
         | 
         | Wikipedia has an interesting timeline of theories for the K-T
         | extinction (now called the K-P which is not as cool a name),
         | but strangely does has a link to this paper[1].
         | 
         | [1]https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.208.4448.109
         | ... [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Cretaceous%E2%
         | 80%9...
         | 
         | Paper's Abstract Platinum metals are depleted in the earth's
         | crust relative to their cosmic abundance; concentrations of
         | these elements in deep-sea sediments may thus indicate influxes
         | of extraterrestrial material. Deep-sea limestones exposed in
         | Italy, Denmark, and New Zealand show iridium increases of about
         | 30, 160, and 20 times, respectively, above the background level
         | at precisely the time of the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinctions,
         | 65 million years ago. Reasons are given to indicate that this
         | iridium is of extraterrestrial origin, but did not come from a
         | nearby supernova. A hypothesis is suggested which accounts for
         | the extinctions and the iridium observations. Impact of a large
         | earth-crossing asteroid would inject about 60 times the
         | object's mass into the atmosphere as pulverized rock; a
         | fraction of this dust would stay in the stratosphere for
         | several years and be distributed worldwide. The resulting
         | darkness would suppress photosynthesis, and the expected
         | biological consequences match quite closely the extinctions
         | observed in the paleontological record. One prediction of this
         | hypothesis has been verified: the chemical composition of the
         | boundary clay, which is thought to come from the stratospheric
         | dust, is markedly different from that of clay mixed with the
         | Cretaceous and Tertiary limestones, which are chemically
         | similar to each other. Four different independent estimates of
         | the diameter of the asteroid give values that lie in the range
         | 10 +- 4 kilometers.
        
         | scns wrote:
         | Scary Stuff:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zNuT4dbdjU
         | 
         | Big thank You to Jupiter for swallowing explosions roughly half
         | the size of earth (hyperbole maybe?) and stay fine while doing
         | so
        
       | trilbyglens wrote:
       | This is totally going to be my old man hobby.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | It's sad it has to be this way. I have a telescope with a
         | smaller telescope for tracking. I have the motorized equatorial
         | mount. I have the gear to connect the mount and smaller scope
         | with a camera to my laptop. I have the software to control them
         | for precise tracking. I have the camera to attach to the main
         | telescope. I have the stacking software. I don't have the luck
         | of being free when the seeing is great, and have the
         | unfortunate luck of always being available when the seeing is
         | for shite.
         | 
         | Edit: my "old man" plans are to buy some property well outside
         | of light pollution. that way i can just do my hobby any night
         | there's clear skies
         | 
         | Edit2: there's a site in New Mexico[0] where a group has
         | purchased some land strategically where they are at a bit of
         | altitude, and have more nights than not of clear skies. They've
         | it up so that you can CoLo your astro gear there, and they
         | provided a remote connection so you can do everything remotely.
         | For a small nominal monthly fee of course. This is my "pre-old
         | man" plan B to research, but I feel my stuff my be too
         | amateurish for this
         | 
         | [0]https://nmskies.com/newmexicosite.html
        
           | goodbyesf wrote:
           | > Edit: my "old man" plans are to buy some property well
           | outside of light pollution.
           | 
           | I've always wonder how feasible it was to do astronomy by
           | boat? That way you can chase clear skies. And I'd suspect
           | there is almost no light pollution out in the deep blue sea.
        
           | jebarker wrote:
           | A good place to consider for your property purchase is the
           | area around Crestone, CO. It was recently designated a Dark
           | Sky Sanctuary. It's near some great hiking, Sand Dunes
           | National Park and good skiing. Also, it has the only legal
           | funeral pyre in the USA. [1]
           | 
           | As for the remote sites in New Mexico, I've looked into
           | renting telescope time or remotely locating my
           | astrophotography gear but I just feel like I'd be losing
           | something from the hobby if it didn't require me to be hands
           | on with the gear and outside.
           | 
           | [1] https://crestoneendoflifeproject.org/services/open-air-
           | crema...
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | There's a group about 4 hours from Dallas called 3 Rivers
             | Foundation (www.3rf.org) that has been buying up land in
             | the county. The last time I was there, they were trying to
             | get their campus (700+ acres at that time) designated as a
             | dark sky location too. They are also attempting to increase
             | their acreage to help keep it that way. There's a state
             | park Copper Breaks that has the darkest skies of any state
             | park (caveat being Big Bend is a national park) in the same
             | area.
             | 
             | >I just feel like I'd be losing something
             | 
             | Spend enough cold nights outside, and you'll get really
             | fuzzy to the remote concept! There have been nights where
             | it was so cold, that once the rig was running, everyone
             | just hangs out inside where it's warm with a periodic
             | jaunts outside just to check on things.
             | 
             | Edit: I had to look up some details. At one of the post
             | facilities I once worked, I met John Davis of Jimmy Neutron
             | fame. He's a big astrophotography buff as well. While we
             | were in the color session waiting for some renders to
             | finish, he showed me his remote setup. He can log in and
             | view some cameras to ensure it is safe to open up for
             | observing. He can tell it what to observe in a set it and
             | forget it manner. At the end, it is scripted to process the
             | images and email it to him for review. That's exactly how
             | I'd spend my Hollywood earnings too if I ever had any. I
             | can't remember if he was the person I learned about 3rf
             | from or if it was another client. But yeah, it's a pick
             | your mouth up from the floor and wipe the drool off your
             | face before you look like a fool. He said that's not the
             | first time it's happened to him. Very cool cat.
        
         | [deleted]
        
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