[HN Gopher] Can an artificial kidney finally free patients from ...
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       Can an artificial kidney finally free patients from dialysis?
        
       Author : gmays
       Score  : 109 points
       Date   : 2023-09-02 15:00 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ucsf.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ucsf.edu)
        
       | brokenmeds wrote:
       | Using throw-away as this sounds dismal, BUT: who makes money from
       | this and who loses money? That will tell you whether this can
       | happen or not.
       | 
       | Dialysis is big business. Technicians. Consumables. Doctors.
       | Repeated Vi$it$. Real estate (often owned by the Nephrologist $.)
       | 
       | More saliently, Nephrologist also control the standard of care.
       | Do they stand to gain more from artificial kidney
       | surgery/maintenance, or do they stand more to lose from dialysis
       | going away?
        
         | zamadatix wrote:
         | What does it matter who loses money? This isn't a 3 person
         | scam, there are 10s of thousands of people capable and it only
         | takes a single company getting a single practice in the area to
         | start doing ${RADICALLY_MORE_EFFECTIVE_THING} and they get all
         | of the pie while these stagnant people now get none. If there
         | is some grand conspiracy of how they have enough power to
         | prevent anybody from coming in and doing it better/cheaper to
         | steal the larger volume then why do they need to protect this
         | oddly specific set of jobs to get money? Basically, how does
         | who from the past will lose expected income prevent someone who
         | wants to become rich now?
         | 
         | Dialysis is indeed big business, but that means it's more
         | attractive to upset - not less. The sad reality is it's just
         | hard to upset. That's not as cool, it doesn't catch your
         | attention, it doesn't give you anyone to blame for why things
         | are shitty... but it's also a lot better supported as an
         | explanation.
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | On the other hand, the government spends a huge amount on
         | dialysis. Medicare pays for it regardless of your age. Removing
         | the need for dialysis simplifies life for politicians by
         | putting off the day they need to raise taxes or cut Medicare
         | services.
         | 
         | Dialysis is also a lot crappier than this would be. My mom was
         | on dialysis and quality of life is not great. Neither is the
         | expected lifespan.
         | 
         | Free markets have their flaws but their big advantage is
         | competition. If the government approves this device, and it
         | provides significantly better outcomes, then nephrologists who
         | use it will take patients from those who don't.
        
       | srameshc wrote:
       | I truly hope this is could be the solution. Dialysis is live
       | saving , yet very difficult. I always hoped there was an easier
       | solution to hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
        
       | thr0waway001 wrote:
       | That would be cool as a kidney disease patient.
        
       | piyushpr134 wrote:
       | hope as much money & marketing is poured in cure, is also poured
       | into prevention as it is better to prevent than to cure.
       | 
       | I believe that many types of kidney diseases are linked to
       | metabolic syndrome. Hope media and doctors highlight this to all
       | and sundry that eating less, moving more, keeping weight and
       | blood sugar in control can stop disease progression.
        
         | porkbeer wrote:
         | I respect what you are saying, but both people I know suffering
         | through it are type 1, and are just struggling to stay alive in
         | a way where they want to continue living.
        
         | RetroTechie wrote:
         | Kidney problems can also be acute. Resulting from some kind of
         | poisoning, out-of-control infection, or some situation where
         | immune system attacks the body itself.
         | 
         | Husband of an friend of mine (~75y old at the time) got unwell
         | during a heatwave. Kidneys gave up, resulting in blood
         | poisoning & that was the end.
         | 
         | I hope for the grow-spare-from-own-body-cells method to become
         | a practical option. That would do away with donor shortages &
         | immune system rejection problems. Kidneys & liver would
         | probably rank high as desired replacement organs.
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | There's also polycystic kidney disease, which is a fairly
         | common genetic condition.
        
       | tomcam wrote:
       | Five years away, I'm sure!
       | 
       | The really good stuff is perpetually five years away...
        
       | ma55ypi3 wrote:
       | Will this be abused whereby peoples are coerced into trading
       | their kidney for an artificial one for a price?
        
         | code_duck wrote:
         | I doubt it as the artificial one will probably be very
         | expensive.
        
         | bmicraft wrote:
         | If this doesn't get rejected by the patient, how would that
         | even make economic sense?
        
         | gjm11 wrote:
         | What does that scenario look like in practice?
         | 
         | Suppose I'm the evil coercing person. I have an artificial
         | kidney and $X, you have (still in your body) a real kidney, and
         | you're short of money so you prefer (artificial kidney + $X) to
         | (real kidney). We make the trade.
         | 
         | Why would I do that? Presumably so that I can (evilly) treat
         | someone with kidney disease by giving them a real kidney, which
         | they prefer to an artificial one. In fact, to make it worth my
         | while they must also be paying me at least $X more for the real
         | kidney than they would have for the artificial one.
         | 
         | So the incentives work out provided my patient prefers (real
         | kidney) to (artificial kidney + $X), and my victim prefers
         | (artificial kidney + $X) to (real kidney), and what I'm doing
         | is (evilly, coercively) enabling them both to get what they
         | prefer.
         | 
         | It's hard to see how I can be doing anyone _very much_ harm
         | here. Presumably the idea is that the victim is worse off,
         | having been persuaded to give up their precious real kidney for
         | an inferior artificial kidney in exchange for mere money, but
         | also-presumably they are poor enough not to have the luxury to
         | use phrases like  "mere money" and $X is a life-changing amount
         | for them. Which probably means their situation at the outset is
         | very bad, but that isn't _my_ fault.
         | 
         | I expect there _are_ possible situations where the existence of
         | artificial kidneys enables some things to happen that look good
         | to all participants but end up being bad ideas in the long run.
         | But it seems super-implausible to me that these could outweigh
         | the benefits of being able to make functioning artificial
         | kidneys.
        
         | n3storm wrote:
         | I saw that movie too. I think is based on a book though.
        
       | esotericsean wrote:
       | This probably isn't a viable solution for my father who has been
       | on dialysis for 2 years and is in ESRD. I am a candidate for a
       | kidney transplant for him (I went through the whole process), but
       | he has other issues that have been preventing him from having
       | another surgery. I'm pretty scared to do the procedure, too.
       | 
       | But really glad to see progress being made here. Hopefully, also,
       | the world works toward improving diet and starts eliminating
       | metabolic diseases like Type-2 Diabetes and Heart Disease.
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | Also they say it'll be available by 2030 at the earliest:
         | https://pharm.ucsf.edu/kidney/device/faq
        
         | rocky1138 wrote:
         | As a living kidney donor, I can tell you that it's not all that
         | scary. It's much scarier to be ESRD and suffering the hellish
         | purgatory of dialysis.
         | 
         | The operation is quick and recovery isn't too bad. As long as
         | you have support at home from friends and family it's not
         | terrible.
         | 
         | What struck me, though, was how weak it made me. Walking for
         | the first time in a week was very slow, very sweaty, and put me
         | into a state of extreme exhaustion.
        
           | idontunder wrote:
           | are you feeling okay now? have you had other consequences
           | from donating your kidney?
        
       | munchler wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | phibz wrote:
       | As someone on dialysis, this would be amazing to see. I wonder if
       | the same immunoresponse issues would happen with this like with a
       | transplant.
       | 
       | The holy grail of transplant medicine for years has been acquired
       | immunity, where you convince the immunesystem not to attack the
       | transplant. Still hoping we see progress there, but this looks
       | like a viable alternative to a donor transplant.
        
         | cardy31 wrote:
         | There is a lot of research going into making kidneys without
         | the markers that cause rejection. They hope to make pig kidneys
         | compatible with human transplantation this way.
        
           | mdhen wrote:
           | They have one in a brain dead patient right now, been over a
           | month with no issues.
        
             | civilitty wrote:
             | Did the patient donate his body to science or something?
             | What's the legality and ethics of operating on a
             | neurologically dead person?
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | "This important research, which study leaders say could
               | save many lives in the future, was made possible by the
               | family of a 57-year-old male who elected to donate his
               | body after a brain death declaration and a circumstance
               | in which his organs or tissues were not suitable for
               | transplant."
        
             | bobmaxup wrote:
             | https://nyulangone.org/news/pig-kidney-
             | xenotransplantation-p...
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | The article says it "does not trigger the recipient's immune
         | system to go on the attack." I've read elsewhere that the
         | biological stuff inside is sealed off from the immune system.
        
         | quasarj wrote:
         | Wish this was coming sooner. Maybe one day I'll have one!
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | Would teaching the immune system to "forget" cover this
         | situation (along with other autoimmune diseases) too?
        
           | f6v wrote:
           | I think Treg therapies is something that could potentially be
           | used in both autoimmunity and transplantation. But the again,
           | the idea isn't new and has been around for 20 or more years.
           | As they say, "lost in translation".
        
           | blorenz wrote:
           | As someone totally unqualified to make an assessment about
           | this, I feel selectively forgetting is much harder than
           | generalized forgetting. This would make the person vulnerable
           | to multitudes of vectors.
        
             | robbiep wrote:
             | You're basically right, we have no idea how to do this - we
             | can help the immune system remember new things (ie we've
             | started teaching it how to attack cancers that it has been
             | ignoring) but when the body wants to go at something, the
             | only way we've been able to get it to sort it's shit out is
             | to wipe out all the agents of the adaptive immune system
             | and implant a new one (give someone a bone marrow
             | transplant).
             | 
             | This has resulted in cures for patients with MS, but is
             | really risky and doesn't scale.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | American health insurance is allowed to refuse to pay for any
       | treatment considered experimental so the correct question is
       | "will anyone be able to afford it" and the answer is "not the
       | masses not anytime this decade".
        
         | porkbeer wrote:
         | I bet its cheaper than the alternative, expensive treatment for
         | life...
        
           | hnbad wrote:
           | Yes, and most people can't afford neither.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | Medicare pays for dialysis, regardless of age. So it'll
             | probably also pay for this, to save itself money.
        
         | f6v wrote:
         | I see this argument very often in relation to various medical
         | interventions. First off, insurance anywhere isn't going to
         | just pay for experimental treatment. Second, a great deal of
         | inventions were not available to the masses at first. So should
         | we stop inventing things? Or wait for a new worldwide socialist
         | revolution first?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | zaitsev1393 wrote:
       | No idea why i can't access this website from Ukraine.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | oneshtein wrote:
         | Site owner blocked the site for Ukrainians. :-/
         | 
         | Error 1009 Ray ID: 80075b57bf1f2301 * 2023-09-02 17:08:45 UTC
         | 
         | Access denied
         | 
         | What happened?
         | 
         | The owner of this website (www.ucsf.edu) has banned the country
         | or region your IP address is in (UA) from accessing this
         | website.
         | 
         | Use this link:
         | 
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20230829172126/https://www.ucsf....
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | https://archive.ph/ba9Cw
         | 
         | Presumably it's just an overbroad filter responding to some
         | random attack in the past. Either way: best not to pick it
         | apart on this thread, which isn't about web filtering, but
         | rather artificial kidneys.
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | Oddly, I'm getting a server not found for archive.ph.
        
             | AnnikaL wrote:
             | Cloudflare DNS does not work for archive.ph and its other
             | domains.
        
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       (page generated 2023-09-02 23:00 UTC)