[HN Gopher] Good genes are nice, but joy is better (2017)
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       Good genes are nice, but joy is better (2017)
        
       Author : sizzle
       Score  : 86 points
       Date   : 2023-11-03 19:58 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (news.harvard.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (news.harvard.edu)
        
       | wing-_-nuts wrote:
       | One of the biggest takeaways I got from 'Behave' is it isn't
       | really nature vs nurture. Often one's 'nurture' (upbringing, and
       | experiences) can change your epigenetics, and those with abusive
       | childhoods have higher risks for all sorts of things including
       | cardiovascular disease, cancer, autoimmune conditions and anxiety
       | and depression.
       | 
       | I'm not really sure everyone can chose 'joy'. Some simply don't
       | have the innate temperament required to build strong
       | relationships, and some have it literally beat out of them. Some
       | folks are dealt a bad hand of both nature and nurture, and it
       | makes me wonder the extent to which we 'choose' anything, or if
       | we're all destined to mostly follow the ruts we're born into.
        
         | nextos wrote:
         | Genetics is great, but a bitter lesson from the last decade for
         | those who believed it was the major driver of disease is that
         | the environment has a stronger effect.
         | 
         | If we ignore Mendelian traits, i.e. rare diseases, ankylosing
         | spondylitis and type 1 diabetes appear to have the largest
         | contribution from genetics. Yet, penetrance is tiny. Genetics
         | hardly explains more than 30-40% of phenotypic variance in
         | those two.
         | 
         | Most traits are largely determined by our nutrient supply,
         | infections, eubiosis / dysbiosis, etc. The first year of life
         | is particularly important.
        
           | nyssos wrote:
           | > but a bitter lesson from the last decade for those who
           | believed it was the major driver of disease is that the
           | environment has a stronger effect.
           | 
           | It doesn't make sense to talk about whether genes or
           | environmental factors have stronger effects in general:
           | they're very very very strongly interacting. It's not
           | phenotype = genes + environment, it's phenotype = stupidly_co
           | mplicated_function_we've_only_just_begun_to_understand(genes,
           | environment). You can talk about the effects of genetic
           | variation in a particular environment, or of environmental
           | variation given fixed genetics, but "the contribution from
           | [genetics/the environment]" without any further qualification
           | is not a thing that exists.
        
             | nextos wrote:
             | I know, but the dominant trend was to (try to) predict
             | diseases by calculating genetic risk scores, ignoring any
             | environmental contributions.
             | 
             | This trend is even known as genetic determinism. There is a
             | whole generation of senior academics who are fiercely
             | attached to this line of thought.
        
               | klipt wrote:
               | How much better could you predict if you sequence both
               | DNA _and_ samples of expressed RNA from various parts of
               | the body?
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Personally I think nyssos's explanation (that disease is
               | a complex function of the joint distribution of genotype
               | and environment) is still more convincing, and that the
               | reason environment temporarily got more attention is
               | simply that our ability to understand causality of
               | disease in non-mendelian contexts is still very limited
               | (it being an _extremely_ complex function).
               | 
               | I've worked in this field for a while and continuously
               | get into arguments with geneticists, part of that is
               | because I simply don't understand the explanations
               | genetics gives (I'm a molecular biologist and computer
               | scientist; the difference is that genenticists treat
               | genotype to phenotype as a black box, while molecular
               | biologists see it as an event system), but another part
               | of it is that most scientists are highly susceptible to
               | the streelight effect, and genetics is something tangible
               | you can easily measure in the lab, while environment
               | is... much more complicated.
        
             | chongli wrote:
             | Yes, exactly. Genetics is the difference between humans and
             | fruit flies. All the radical reshaping we've done to the
             | environment over the history of civilization would not have
             | been possible without the intelligence given to us by our
             | genes.
             | 
             | When people talk about genetic factors in life outcomes
             | they always point to these very simple Mendelian diseases.
             | They don't point to more subtle traits that are caused by a
             | wide variety of genes interacting. Just because we don't
             | fully understand these genetic mechanisms doesn't mean
             | they're not there.
             | 
             | And as far as "nurture" goes, genes play a big role in that
             | too. If a parent has a greater predisposition towards
             | impulsivity or violence or substance abuse then that's
             | going to affect their fitness as a parent. It's the Anna
             | Karenina principle: everything has to go right if you want
             | the best outcome.
        
         | molsongolden wrote:
         | I haven't read Behave and childhood trauma can definitely have
         | lasting impacts but I am also inspired by some of the older
         | folks I have known with what seem like bottomless wells of joy.
         | 
         | There's a cynical broken person out there for every one of
         | them, they aren't the norm, but some of these people went
         | through terrible shit as children or throughout their lives but
         | they're still happy and grateful for what they did end up
         | having.
         | 
         | Also, some of the happiest people I know come from some of the
         | worst starting environments. This is definitely survivorship
         | bias because these people made it out to become happy but
         | there's some thread between the two around grit and
         | expectations then finding joy in the most basic things.
        
           | brightball wrote:
           | It's one of the reason I appreciate Dabo Swinney's life story
           | so much. He had an awful childhood, broken home, poor as
           | dirt, his mom shared his bed in college because they were so
           | poor.
           | 
           | And yet, he's one of the most optimistic and successful
           | leaders out there determined to show people that their
           | conditions do not define them.
        
         | noitamroftuo wrote:
         | sapolsky has a new book, check it out on this pod
         | https://www.econtalk.org/robert-sapolsky-on-determinism-free...
        
         | zeteo wrote:
         | Yes this seems backwards for at least some of the variables in
         | the study. If you're in great health you're more likely to be
         | joyful and to have good relationships with those around you.
         | Saying that you should choose joy is like saying that you can
         | avoid the worst health problems if you never go to hospital.
        
         | temp0826 wrote:
         | I think Harvard students would likely have more opportunities
         | to choose joy so I'd take this all with some boulders of salt
         | anyways.
        
           | xyzelement wrote:
           | I would very much doubt that. Joy is in how you engage with
           | the life you have. You can have a Harvard education and (for
           | example) be envious of the guy next door, or let topics-of-
           | the-day drive you crazy (eg: "I don't have kids because it's
           | bad for the environment" or "I never got married, too busy
           | with my career")
           | 
           | And vice a versa, plenty of poor people find a way to be at
           | peace with what they have (and even strive to do better w/o
           | being resentful) , have families, etc.
        
             | digging wrote:
             | > let topics-of-the-day drive you crazy
             | 
             | Oh yeah, chasing fads and news cycles is miserable -
             | 
             | > "I don't have kids because it's bad for the environment"
             | or "I never got married, too busy with my career"
             | 
             | There are, uh, extremely _not_ "being driven crazy by
             | topics-of-the-day." Let alone even being joyless choices.
        
         | notShabu wrote:
         | sometimes it's not even clearly good or bad. E.g. "sensitivity"
         | as a trait can be useful in nurturing environments to develop
         | it into talent, but also a way-in for trauma that would have
         | otherwise bounced off of someone with less sensitivity.
        
           | Eunoia12 wrote:
           | True.
           | 
           | I think people need more exposure to society. Maybe school
           | implementation- social clubs, more sports incoporated, who
           | knows.
           | 
           | People in general should try, even at their jobs, to join in
           | on events. Exposure helps people with being able to balance,
           | as well as find themselves, on what works, and what doesn't
           | work within their bubble.
           | 
           | Bodies, as well as stress can be alleviated when you're
           | surrounded by people. Even when you're in solitude, working
           | in a public coffee shop can help too.
        
         | bowsamic wrote:
         | I totally agree. My mum left when I was 2, and my dad struggled
         | to care for me well. I have been totally depressed from age 9
         | to today (age 29). My scientific career has failed due to it. I
         | am totally unable to control it, no matter how much I try to
         | change my circumstances or push through it
        
       | akira2501 wrote:
       | Yes.. Harvard. Your actions matter more than your inheritance. I
       | would love to see a study into the types of people who generate
       | these studies.
        
       | kubb wrote:
       | People often forget that belonging to a community and being able
       | to connect with people is a privilege itself.
        
         | mp05 wrote:
         | Spot on.
         | 
         | I grew up without real community thanks to a mother ashamed of
         | her heritage in a pretty backwards part of America, so I missed
         | out on a lot of critical interactions. I didn't realize how
         | fundamentally, socially broken I was until my mid-late 20s.
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | This is the primary issue of the last 50 years.
        
           | xyzelement wrote:
           | I think this is going to "prove religious people right" in
           | the next generation because I find that folks of faith are
           | immune from this!
        
             | escapedmoose wrote:
             | Churchgoing/practicing folks of faith, maybe. There are
             | plenty of religious folks who don't partake in communal
             | practice and who are generally miserable people.
             | 
             | (By "religious folks" I mean "people who have spiritual
             | beliefs aligning with a major religion")
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | I believe this research project (an older instance of
         | publishing follow-up results) was the subject of an Achewood
         | comic to this effect.
         | 
         | https://achewood.com/2016/04/15/title.html
         | 
         | On the one hand: sure, it's useful to have some scientific,
         | controlled grounding in the value of building community. On the
         | other hand, any sad and lonely soul on the planet could
         | probably have told us this without commissioning a nearly
         | century-long research project.
        
         | PreachSoup wrote:
         | With the current trend of no child left behind style of policy,
         | we might start to break the community to reduce the privilege
         | /s
        
         | bumby wrote:
         | Can you explain further? I assume by privilege, you mean a
         | privilege to a specific class. I'm just not sure what class
         | you'd be referring to because the one's I immediately thought
         | of would seem to have a lot of counterpoints.
         | 
         | E.g., lower socio-economic classes often have a strong sense of
         | community, sometimes by the nature of being more dependent on
         | one another. So wealth class doesn't seem to fit. But maybe you
         | were thinking of some other class.
        
           | digging wrote:
           | > I assume by privilege, you mean a privilege to a specific
           | class
           | 
           | I think you started with a misstep. It's not class-specific.
           | In some ways the middle class is most vulnerable due to the
           | isolation of sprawling, car-dependent suburbs. But it's also
           | tied to the inability of many young people to remain rooted
           | in one place for economic, social, and other issues. How many
           | people from your high school still live in the same town?
           | There are other causes, but one's level of wealth isn't
           | necessarily a direct cause.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | If you are lonely, your body is being harmed as if you were an
       | alcoholic.
       | 
       | Surprising claim if true.
        
         | 11235813213455 wrote:
         | what is "lonely"? I think one problem in our society is how
         | binary we are, everything is on a ]0, 1[ scale instead of {0,
         | 1}. We are all more or less schizophrenic, all more or less
         | lonely. It's just finding the right cursor
        
           | detourdog wrote:
           | What I'm starting to notice is that personality disorders
           | represent normal traits used inappropriately. Once one
           | notices they are reacting in a pattern instead of responding
           | to actual events it becomes a disorder.
        
           | otteromkram wrote:
           | Lonely is being single and needing someone else (eg -
           | friends, family, significant other) to quell the feeling of
           | helplessness or disorder.
           | 
           | Alone is being single and loving it.
           | 
           | (I'm part of the latter group.)
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | And what of people who prefer solitude and limited social
         | contact? Not everyone is an outgoing socialite. Some people
         | gain energy by being alone.
        
           | awelxtr wrote:
           | Lonely != Alone
           | 
           | People who prefer solitude normally don't feel lonely
        
             | Trasmatta wrote:
             | I think it's more complicated than that, I prefer solitude
             | but I still get lonely too.
        
           | wanderingstan wrote:
           | Loneliness != Solitude, and this is clear in the research.
           | 
           | For example:
           | 
           | > Loneliness is the feeling of being alone, regardless of the
           | amount of social contact.
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/aging/publications/features/lonely-
           | older...
        
       | m0llusk wrote:
       | This is from 2017. It would be nice if the title indicated that.
       | There are ongoing results still coming out of this study.
        
       | davidgerard wrote:
       | Fake title
        
       | mjfl wrote:
       | Happiness is a false idol. The key to happiness is to lower your
       | standards for what you expect out of life. This leads to an
       | uncreative state of being - because why would you create
       | anything, the world is good as it is. And creating is just too
       | hard. But this uncreative "last man" is someone that I certainly
       | would not hold in esteem. Give me a tortured artist instead.
        
         | escapedmoose wrote:
         | The "tortured artist" trope is overplayed in media vs. the
         | reality. I don't have the sources on hand, but you might enjoy
         | looking into it: truly prolific and influential artists tend to
         | be those who had stable/comfortable/long enough lives to
         | sustain an art practice. One good book related to this is
         | _Daily Rituals_ by Mason Currey.
         | 
         | I also _highly_ recommend the book _Six Myths About the Good
         | Life_ by Joel Kupperman, which has an accessible explanation of
         | some of the philosophy behind the pursuit of "happiness" vs
         | deeper long-term joy. It's a book I find myself revisiting
         | every few years because it really makes you think.
         | 
         | Edit: Kupperman's book specifically analyzes the common
         | assumption you mentioned that "the key is to lower your
         | standards." ..."Better Socrates dissatisfied than a pig
         | satisfied" is a common related saying
        
       | elromulous wrote:
       | @dang could you "(2017)" to the title?
        
       | Eunoia12 wrote:
       | I'm noticing a lot of cynical people in society. People that just
       | sneer, look down, and just think on terms that are just so
       | malevolent- he/she attitude.
       | 
       | I think a healthier generation of people- being rooted from
       | education, are much more prone to being a better counterpart.
       | Such as maintaining peace, as well as just having healthy
       | boundaries.
       | 
       | But in longer stretches, I believe that people should be more
       | understanding. Steven Pinker mentions in his books that optimism
       | as well as just awareness that society will continue on- despite
       | a lot of evils, life will continue, and choosing to be positive
       | is a better approach than being pessimistic.
        
       | hnthrowaway0315 wrote:
       | Joy is too expensive. A lot of joys actually trace back to gene
       | so eventually it's a fateful world.
        
       | paganel wrote:
       | > The people who were the most satisfied in their relationships
       | at age 50 were the healthiest at age 80
       | 
       | Most probably the people who were already sick at age 50 were in
       | a "less" satisfied relationship, on account of the fact that
       | sickness is never a good conduit for having a happy love life.
       | 
       | So of course that those people most probably went on to have a
       | worse health at age 80 (because they were already sick by age 50)
       | compared to people who had had been healthier (and happier,
       | partly because healthier) at age 50.
        
       | waterhouse wrote:
       | The question is always: does the study show causality?
       | 
       | "The people who were the most satisfied in their relationships at
       | age 50 were the healthiest at age 80". Can we think of ways that,
       | for example, health problems at ages 45-50 cause (a)
       | dissatisfaction in relationships at age 50 and (b) worse health
       | problems at age 80? Did they control for that? (Is it _possible_
       | to control for that? Even if they have their full clinical
       | history, is it possible that problems that, at age 50, were
       | subclinical--or  "not reported to the doctor"--would have
       | significant effects?)
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | I've previously wondered how this affects nuerodiverse
       | individuals. After all, relationships and social interactions
       | tend to be different, limited, or both.
        
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