[HN Gopher] A 6 channel GPS receiver from 1993
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A 6 channel GPS receiver from 1993
        
       Author : edent
       Score  : 193 points
       Date   : 2023-11-04 10:27 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (mastodon.sdf.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (mastodon.sdf.org)
        
       | thomasfl wrote:
       | That's cute!
        
       | roland35 wrote:
       | Adorable! As a former EE we often put little jokes and Easter
       | eggs in prototype PCB designs. Sometimes they made it to
       | production!
        
       | dan-robertson wrote:
       | More on gps: https://lea.hamradio.si/~s53mv/navsats/theory.html
        
         | danieldk wrote:
         | Another great explanatory page I have seen is:
         | 
         | https://ciechanow.ski/gps/
         | 
         | Comes with a lot of animations and interactive elements.
         | Admittedly, I haven't gone through all of it yet since it so
         | detailed, but it is marvelous.
         | 
         | Earlier discussion:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36180316
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | archived link for image links seem dead
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20060711045257/https://lea.hamra...
        
       | tpmx wrote:
       | It sold for just $12 yesterday. (Some more shots here, too.)
       | 
       | https://www.ebay.com/itm/274506300217
        
         | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
         | I don't think it sold. The listing ended. Also add $6.50
         | shipping. Still worth it.
        
           | tpmx wrote:
           | But it literally says: "Sold for: US $12.00"?
        
       | kebman wrote:
       | It's a bit on the side, but I remember my father telling me that
       | the PCB's he sold to the Eastern Bloc were often adorned with
       | microscopic greetings in Cyrillic, though the Russian spelling
       | was often pretty bad.
       | 
       | Just like now, the Soviet Union was under heavy sanctions, and
       | they weren't allowed to receive the latest computer tech. The
       | various companies had ways around this, though, and the saying
       | was that they'd purposefully design their boards so that Russian
       | engineers could "tamper" with them in order to achieve higher
       | than allowed clock speeds.
       | 
       | Anyway this cute board just made me think of that, so thought I'd
       | share it.
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | Great, and now they have Kinzhals
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | It's incredibly racist, offensive and ignorant to assume that
           | "Eastern Block" means just Russia. Many former "eastern
           | block" countries nowadays are firmly with the west and oppose
           | Russia and their stupid invasion with all their might. Being
           | bundled together with the Russians is the most personally
           | offensive thing I've ever read on HN.
        
             | assusdan wrote:
             | Could you please also stop bundling all russians together?
             | Not all of us oppose "the west" and support our stupid
             | invasion.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I didn't say either thing though? I said many of us here
               | in the former Eastern Block oppose Russia - and I
               | personally find being bundled with the Russians
               | offensive, as I am not a Russian. Anything you read into
               | it beyond this point is your own interpretation.
        
             | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
             | Uh-huh, yet it's somehow not racist, offensive and ignorant
             | to blame all Russians for everything now. Some of you guys
             | have lost all the high moral ground that you once
             | supposedly had.
             | 
             | I have a working theory that long years of "oppression" in
             | many Western societies of not being able to criticize any
             | group of certain ethnicity, nationality, culture, or
             | religion resulted in a buildup of sorts, so when it became
             | okay to pour shit on ethnic Russians and citizens of that
             | country (between which you make no distinction -- do you
             | make a distinction between Jews and Israel?), it's like the
             | flood gates were opened. All the hate and vitriol
             | accumulated over the years is directed at a group that one
             | is allowed to hate.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | As soon as a new subset of people have been designated as
               | part of the outgroup, they are basically fair game for
               | everybody to get their kicks in1. And boy howdy do people
               | love some fully justifiable carnage.
               | 
               | 1. <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33802663>
               | 
               | (This is a re-post of
               | <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33913979>.)
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I feel like you've replied to the wrong person maybe?
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | I wonder if it was the pre-90's black/grey market, or the
           | intervening decades of open trade.
        
             | mananaysiempre wrote:
             | I'd guess the former, but only because I'm honestly
             | surprised _anything_ designed or manufactured under
             | government mandate post (generously) 1985 actually works.
             | The collapse of the Soviet Union might have marked the
             | start of open (!) looting, but with rare exceptions Soviet
             | research organizations have been in pure subsistence mode
             | for a decade or more before that.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | The Kinzhal is a sort of heavily modified Iskander, I
               | mean all ballistic missiles are rocket science but it is
               | not some super futuristic weapon.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | Betrayers of The Free World reap the benefits of living in The
         | Free World the most, and advance ahead on the social ladder
         | towards decision making positions, perpetuating these bad
         | decisions.
         | 
         | And people who did the right decision, have to pay twice. One
         | is the opportunity price, and another is the externality price.
        
           | GuB-42 wrote:
           | If sharing useful tech is betrayal, I wish there would be
           | more traitors. On both sides.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | Garmin had the 100 series in 1990
       | 
       | Neat history of GPS units
       | 
       | http://retro-gps.info/page33/index.html
       | 
       | But what's really interesting is the first GPS watch, the
       | Forerunner 101 in 2003
       | 
       | https://www.garmin.com/en-US/p/231
        
       | ShamelessC wrote:
       | > Why is it shaped like an ambulance? Good question.
       | 
       | Was hoping there was an actual answer for that question. Or am I
       | missing something? Otherwise reads like "good question, who
       | fucking knows!? certainly not me the person making the
       | assertion!"
        
         | skhr0680 wrote:
         | Am I missing some sarcasm, or do you honestly think that the
         | board in question doesn't look like an ambulance?
        
           | InCityDreams wrote:
           | But _why_ is it shaoed so?
        
             | skhr0680 wrote:
             | Why would someone in 1993 have had the foresight to think
             | that they might need to know their location to within a
             | hundred meters or so?
        
           | ShamelessC wrote:
           | No sarcasm. Yes, it looks like an ambulance (seemingly
           | deliberately). The tweet/fart/whatevertheyrecalled just has
           | strange choice of phrasing implying they will follow up on
           | this, then they don't. _Why_ is it an ambulance? Well who
           | cares, I guess - but the author of the
           | poof/squirt/whatevertheyrecalled is the one who draws
           | attention to it in the first place.
        
             | skhr0680 wrote:
             | Whoever designed the board may have just done it as a joke,
             | but I think giving the coastguard etc. an idea of your
             | general location when in distress would have been a good
             | civilian use of GPS in 1993
        
             | makomk wrote:
             | It's a several decade old piece of hardware that was likely
             | produced in extremely limited quantity, so finding the
             | answer to that is probably not going to be easy. Presumably
             | it was produced as a promotional item made to promote their
             | GPS receivers for some kind of safety application that the
             | ambulance shape is a reference to, but good luck confirming
             | that in 2023.
        
       | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
       | The original GPS receivers in the late 80s and early 90s did not
       | have maps. And they used LCD screens. The one I owned by Lowrance
       | required 6 AA batteries. Not AAA. Not rechargeable. Optional
       | power through a cigarette-auto cable, but that's not helpful when
       | on foot. It burned through batteries like crazy.
       | 
       | I owned this one:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20231104153749/http://retro-gps....
       | (Lowrance GlobalNav Sport) 160 x 160 pixel display. It weighed 2
       | pounds with batteries.
       | 
       | It provided latitude, longitude, and heading.
       | 
       | Thought I would use it hiking but it was just too big to be
       | anything but a toy. You inserted a cartridge, specific to your
       | geographic area, if you wanted it to display names of
       | towns/cities (data on the cartridges):
       | 
       | https://www.ebay.com/itm/314936082464
       | 
       | It did have "waypoints" (lat/long bookmarks, essentially) that
       | allowed you to plot a line as you traveled. It could tell you how
       | far you were to different waypoints you'd previously entered.
       | IIRC, it had a serial connection for waypoint download to a PC.
       | People tried sharing waypoint series -- "routes" -- but it just
       | never really had much success as I recall. It was just too
       | cumbersome.
        
         | metadat wrote:
         | Which model was yours? This page appears to show every model of
         | handheld GPS ever made, and Lowrance has 4 entries.
         | 
         | Thanks for sharing this, I never had the chance to see one of
         | these units. It's so weird now to imagine GPS with no map!
         | 
         | P.s. What does a six-channel GPS receiver even mean? Is more
         | channels more better?
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | Here's a better picture of what I owned. It had a huge hard-
           | plastic case:
           | 
           | https://www.ebay.com/itm/314936082464
           | 
           | The antenna flipped up and doubled as a screen protector:
           | 
           | http://retro-gps.info/photos/files/page2-1023-full.jpg
           | 
           | https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/zxUAAOSwDspimA3F/s-l1600.jpg
           | 
           | Sorry, I don't remember what 6-channel means. I would guess
           | it could receive data from up to 6 satellites? Don't know.
           | 
           | IIRC, this cost about $700 but cartridges were extra. Very
           | expensive for the time. It worked without the cartridges, but
           | I think it only displayed lat/long then, or in any case much
           | more limited info. The carts added more info like
           | town/city/state.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, I could not find any YouTube videos of early
           | GPS receivers.
        
             | metadat wrote:
             | Thanks @TDT for your prompt and rapid reply, always nice to
             | connect with such a generous person who indulges me :D.
             | 
             | What a spiffy looking unit, it looks like belongs mounted
             | in the dash of a 198x Mercedes, Porsche, Corvette, Bronco,
             | or similar alongside one of those old school built-in car
             | phones.
             | 
             | Archive links of the eBay resources:
             | 
             | 1a. https://web.archive.org/web/20231104152903/https://www.
             | ebay....
             | 
             | 1b. https://archive.ph/QxwrN
             | 
             | 2a. https://web.archive.org/web/20231104153359/https://i.eb
             | ayimg...
             | 
             | 2b. https://archive.ph/crpGm
             | 
             | (Adding because of how many broken eBay links I've
             | encountered on forums over the years.. it's always
             | frustrating, haha.)
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | You're welcome! This is the best photo in my opinion --
               | shows the antenna up (not covering screen), unit is
               | powered on, and the unit itself is in excellent
               | condition:
               | 
               | https://web.archive.org/web/20231104153749/http://retro-
               | gps....
        
           | skhr0680 wrote:
           | https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2.
           | ..
           | 
           | > The receiver has six channels that continuously track four
           | primary GPS satellites and sequentially acquire and track all
           | other visible and healthy satellites on the fifth and sixth
           | channels.
        
           | jdietrich wrote:
           | _> What does a six-channel GPS receiver even mean? Is more
           | channels more better?_
           | 
           | The operating principle of GPS is more complex than I can
           | usefully summarise in a comment, but essentially the
           | satellites are continuously broadcasting an extremely
           | accurate time signal that the receiver uses to calculate the
           | time-of-flight to each satellite. GPS receivers need signals
           | from a minimum of four satellites to provide a location fix.
           | 
           | There are usually more than four satellites visible, so
           | additional channels allow for more than the minimum number of
           | signals to be received. this can provide improved accuracy,
           | faster time-to-first-fix and better resilience to
           | interference. If you're receiving five or six signals, you
           | don't lose your positioning fix when one of the satellites
           | moves below the horizon or is obstructed by terrain.
           | Reflected signals can cause error, because the time-of-flight
           | of the signal will be greater than the actual distance to the
           | satellite; extra channels allow these errors to be
           | compensated for.
           | 
           | For a long time, GPS receivers typically had no more than 12
           | channels, which was the maximum number that would actually be
           | useful given the limited number of satellites in the original
           | GPS constellation. Since then, many other navigation
           | satellite constellations have launched, so between 40 and 60
           | navigation satellites are typically visible at any moment.
           | Receivers have commensurately improved, with even basic
           | receivers often having upwards of 48 channels.
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | How does encryption work on GPS signals? Since it seems the
             | military have access to better accuracy, it's not just a
             | wavelength that is broadcasted.
        
               | jdietrich wrote:
               | Prior to 2000, the civilian signal (C/A code) was
               | deliberately degraded by the addition of small random
               | variations in the time signal, but this is no longer the
               | case. A separate military signal (P-code) still exists,
               | which is encrypted in order to prevent spoofing; to my
               | knowledge, the encryption scheme used for the military
               | signal is still classified.
        
         | stcroixx wrote:
         | Garmin handheld unit in the early 2000's still had an LCD
         | screen. I still have and use mine as a backup.
        
           | supportengineer wrote:
           | I have the eMap. Still works. In 2002 I tethered my laptop to
           | my phone and connected the eMap to the laptop. I had custom
           | Java software that would read my position from the serial
           | connection, and then post it to a custom PHP page, and there
           | was a different page where you could view my position on a
           | Yahoo Map.
        
         | lm411 wrote:
         | That Lowrance is a monster. Pretty cool though.
         | 
         | My first GPS receiver was an old Magellan. I can't recall the
         | model, but mid 90s, very basic features. Eventually after
         | turning it on it would get a fix, and give you coordinates /
         | speed / bearing. No names of towns or anything like that though
         | it did have support for some number of waypoints.
         | 
         | I typically used it for multi week hikes through the rockies
         | where I was navigating primarily with topo maps & compass, and
         | about once a day I'd turn on the GPSr to validate my location.
         | It was too much of a pig on batteries to use it any more often,
         | but, it was a reasonable size for hiking.
         | 
         | Totally different world vs the Garmin GPSMap 66i I currently
         | use, but, I'd probably trust the old Magellan more than I do
         | 66i on week/longer excursions.
        
         | aziaziazi wrote:
         | Wondering why << No rechargeable >> ? I recall rechargeable AAs
         | in late 90, didn't they exist in early 80 ?
        
           | hexmiles wrote:
           | Not OP, but i remember having a camera that use AAs and would
           | not support rechargeable. While it powered up, it would not
           | take photos and instead shutdown. I think they used to be
           | able to deliver less power, also when i put them in the
           | gameboy the little led was a tad dimmer that non rechargeable
           | one even when fully charged
        
           | ljf wrote:
           | Even in the early 90s my good rechargeable batteries (AA)
           | only put out 1.2v when freshly charged and dropped lower than
           | that as they ran. They also ran far shorter than duracell or
           | similar expensive batteries.
           | 
           | So one the voltage may have been too low and two the usable
           | loge might have been too short for these power hungry devices
        
           | _whiteCaps_ wrote:
           | I had a radio that could handle rechargeable vs non - it
           | included a dummy AA battery that you used when using non-
           | rechargeable batteries, so you'd use (IIRC) 7 rechargeables +
           | 1 dummy or 8 rechargeables.
        
         | saltcured wrote:
         | The first "portable" GPS receiver I ever saw was during a tour
         | of a relative's military base in the mid to late 1980s.
         | 
         | It was mounted in a travel case where the lid removed exposed
         | the control panel. I want to say it was about the size of a
         | shoe box. Similar in length and height to one of those hinged
         | metal ammunition cans, but wider if I remember correctly. It
         | seemed hefty enough to have a lead-acid battery inside, but
         | they did not give details.
         | 
         | You set it on the ground and waited minutes for a fix. Then it
         | just displayed numeric grid coordinates of your location with
         | segmented digit display cells somewhat like a 1970s calculator.
        
       | thom wrote:
       | GPS seems fairly pedestrian now but my dad had one of the early
       | Garmin models in the 90s and it was a kind of magic back then.
       | Even outside of the actual location info, just seeing this thing
       | in your hand listening to satellites up in space felt incredibly
       | powerful. Later on you could get units compatible with Windows CE
       | and mobile devices and it was easy to see why it would be a
       | killer app on smartphones. It's sad that the complexity and
       | cleverness is all hidden now.
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | I mean, both GPS and WiFi was super exciting stuff in the early
         | 2000s. There was a GPS magazine for GPS terminal enthusiasts
         | (!). It's still sort of around: https://www.gpsworld.com/.
        
         | callalex wrote:
         | Also kids these days don't know the pain of GPS taking 3-10
         | minutes to get a position fix without almanac data.
        
           | thom wrote:
           | Yeah, navigating a big city meant finding a crossroads where
           | you might be able to see a bit of sky. I used to wear a
           | shoulder bag and attach the antenna to the strap to stay
           | locked on.
        
           | mareko wrote:
           | Or the days before GPS where taking a road trip inevitably
           | resulted in a big argument with your partner about directions
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | Back then even light tree cover would sometimes trash the
           | signal enough to lose position.
           | 
           | While modern GPS can get a position fix pretty quick, a cold
           | start on standalone units can still take a while before it
           | discovers enough satellites.
           | 
           | The crazy thing to me is now days my little tiny watch can do
           | Wifi, Several Bluetooth protocols, 5G, NFC, Wireless charging
           | and probably some other stuff I'm forgetting about. Oh and it
           | supports a variety of global navigation satellite systems.
           | Don't forget the high-res OLED display too. And the fact it
           | is fully watertight.
           | 
           | All that while having a fairly impressive battery life.
        
         | rz2k wrote:
         | Take a look at the https://phyphox.org/ app for lower level
         | access to the sensors on Android and iPhones. There is a GPS
         | section that gives you coordinates but unfortunately doesn't
         | tell you about each satellite. The precision of other phone
         | sensors seems even more amazing.
        
           | nulld3v wrote:
           | You could also try https://github.com/barbeau/gpstest if you
           | are looking for something more GPS focused.
        
       | 3760451 wrote:
       | 3760451
        
       | 3760451 wrote:
       | Hos
        
       | mattew wrote:
       | The interesting thing about GPS back then was that the location
       | data you got back were randomly slightly incorrect every time you
       | got a reading. I'm pretty sure this was so it wasn't useful for
       | military purposes.
       | 
       | I think it was called differential post correction but if you had
       | a base station with a known location you could snap your
       | incorrect points to the difference generated at that correction
       | level and get the true location after the fact.
       | 
       | Source: GIS major in late 90s when this stuff was a lot more
       | magical
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | https://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/modernization/sa/
         | 
         | Selective Availability?
        
           | mattew wrote:
           | That's right. It was selective availability and you used
           | differential post correction to clean the data up and get
           | accurate locations for the data you were capturing. Thanks
           | for the correction!
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-11-04 23:00 UTC)