[HN Gopher] What I learned getting acquired by Google
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       What I learned getting acquired by Google
        
       Author : shreyans
       Score  : 548 points
       Date   : 2023-11-09 16:20 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (shreyans.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (shreyans.org)
        
       | olivierduval wrote:
       | > "At Google's scale, the external world ceases to exist and is
       | only rarely and carefully allowed to enter their walls"
       | 
       | OK Google... now I get why you behave that way with your users
       | (no support, product graveyard...) ! ;-)
        
         | avidiax wrote:
         | The insularity isn't behind that, in my opinion.
         | 
         | It's more that almost all of Google's features are ad-funded,
         | and the company has chosen to make lots of (apparently) free,
         | but poorly supported and uncertain products, rather than a
         | smaller set of well supported products. It's a tradeoff, and
         | Google has made a good tradeoff for both themselves (who
         | collect more data and have more ad supply) and the majority of
         | their users (who get a wide variety of "free" services), but it
         | has downsides, of course.
        
           | esafak wrote:
           | But other big companies are the same. Engineers just don't
           | communicate with users; that's reserved for product managers.
           | The most you will get is a bug report.
        
             | ska wrote:
             | I walked away from an otherwise pretty great offer over
             | this once. At some point I decided I won't do NPD efforts
             | unless I can get engineers/developers and end users
             | together in some meaningful way, and not all organizations
             | can even conceive of how that might work once they are big
             | enough.
             | 
             | Unlike some I think PM roles can be very useful, but they
             | build in failure if they are used as a firewall between dev
             | and customers.
        
           | laidoffamazon wrote:
           | I think the insularity is caused by that, they literally
           | don't build for normal humans. They think the rest of us that
           | don't work at Google aren't smart enough to understand what
           | they do.
           | 
           | This is something I've noticed among dozens and dozens of
           | Google engineers. The smug self superiority has leaked into
           | the water supply.
        
           | freefaler wrote:
           | They're just the user, not the customer. For the real
           | customers (big ad spenders) they do provide support, account
           | managers and SLA agreements. In their world a couple of
           | dollars for your cloud storage isn't enough to pay for
           | support and reading your email, browsing history and your
           | site usage is a way to earn back the money they've put into
           | creating and sustaining the "free" service.
        
           | hbn wrote:
           | Maybe it /was/ a good tradeoff for users but the past few
           | years I think people have become very disillusioned with
           | Google. If anyone still gets excited about a new Google
           | service being announced it's either because they're new to
           | the Google ecosystem and haven't yet experienced year-after-
           | year of having products and services you rely on repeatedly
           | cancelled out from under you and replaced with something
           | noticeably worse, or they're a masochist.
        
         | nonameiguess wrote:
         | I used to think about this when I was a kid. If 5 billion
         | people pray to God at the same time and ask for mutually
         | exclusive things, how can he possibly answer or even listen to
         | them all? And it's now up to 8 billion and the problem isn't
         | getting any easier.
         | 
         | I guess the answer is God's perfect omniscience is massively
         | concurrent on a scale unfathomable to human computational
         | models and, by existing outside of time, he also avoids the
         | possibility of race conditions. But Google can't do that, so
         | they need to face this problem like the rest of us. I think
         | they have really, by admitting it's impossible at that scale to
         | provide service to all customers, so they simply don't, but
         | their users have not yet accepted that.
        
           | mattigames wrote:
           | Im pretty sure that if there were only one single human in
           | the world the success ratio of the communication with God
           | would be just as bleak, and the situation there is more like
           | a company that after digging a tiny bit you discover only
           | exists on paper.
        
             | svieira wrote:
             | > after digging a tiny bit
             | 
             | What makes you so sure that "the company" doesn't exist?
             | Sounds like you've discovered something almost axiomatic to
             | have that level of certainty since there isn't a state-of-
             | Deleware for the perfect being.
        
           | rand846633 wrote:
           | Or maybe god just is really good at making use of caching and
           | has cloudflare tuned in properly?
        
           | TremendousJudge wrote:
           | Or maybe there just shouldn't exist a company so large if
           | it's clear that it won't be able to listen to its users?
        
       | goalonetwo wrote:
       | "When I was working at Google, we ..."
       | 
       | Seems like every Googler cannot wait to tell us their stories
       | about Google!
       | 
       | Hopefully over the last year the general public has started to
       | see those bigTech more as a dystopian place than a source of
       | pride. I still cannot believe that we have hyped becoming a cog
       | at Google to the almost top level of professional achievement.
        
         | marcinzm wrote:
         | 99.999999% of software engineering is being a cog in a machine.
         | Startups included. Even your own startup if you have VC money
         | and clients. Google is a nicer cleaner machine than most other
         | machines.
        
           | greatpostman wrote:
           | As a founder, you have to live it to realize you are in some
           | sense still an employee of the VC firm
        
             | JanSt wrote:
             | As a bootstrapper, you have to live it to realize you are
             | in some sense still an employee of the client
        
               | gomox wrote:
               | Next up:
               | 
               | As a human in a capitalist system
               | 
               | As a mammal on Earth
               | 
               | As a cell-based organism on this arm of the galaxy
        
               | sebastiennight wrote:
               | As a conscious mind needing carbohydrates to sustain
               | compute
        
           | kbknapp wrote:
           | I've worked in large companies (thousands of employees) and
           | startups (<20) and I actually felt more like a cog in the
           | machine at the startup size companies.
           | 
           | I was literally just a means to an end to churn out code on a
           | product. I could have been (and eventually was) replaced at
           | any moment with another generic cog willing to churn out the
           | same code without much of a thought.
        
             | tsunamifury wrote:
             | After working at Google and Startups, I totally agree. You
             | are much more of a cog at a startup due to the desperate
             | need to grind out the next A/B test or customer
             | requirement.
             | 
             | People WAY over glamorize startups.
        
           | teaearlgraycold wrote:
           | Don't agree at all. Have you worked at a startup with <10
           | employees? It's more like 25% cog at that level. Even at 50
           | employees you're at worst 50% cog.
        
         | avgcorrection wrote:
         | That there is a denyonym for it--and an ex-denonym even--tells
         | you enough.
        
           | lostlogin wrote:
           | Do you mean demonym? Sorry I'm pre coffee and don't know the
           | word/words.
        
             | avgcorrection wrote:
             | Yes.
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | There was a time when it was true that being a Googler meant
         | you were pretty hot shit, but that was decades ago at this
         | point. Not insulting any of the talented people who work there,
         | it's just a much bigger company with 1000x more people on
         | staff, so obviously it's not just the top, _creme de la creme_
         | nerds in the world, even if many of them are there.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I'm not sure that this article is an example
         | of pride or bragging. It seems like an inventory of what's
         | unusual about Google. It also includes some somewhat cutting
         | remarks about its dysfunctions, e.g.:
         | 
         | > Most 10-50 million user problems aren't worth Google's time,
         | and don't fit their strategy. But they'll take on significant
         | effort on problems that do fit their nature, strategy, and
         | someone's promotion goals.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | Ah, the classic Promotion Oriented Architecture.
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | I think it's useful for people who are founders or employees in
         | a startup that Google (or similar BigCo) might acquire to read
         | things like this.
         | 
         | Also, I think there's things to be proud about working at
         | Google. In general working there _does_ teach a diligence of
         | quality that is often missing in SWE in other orgs, though many
         | companies are picking up on the same practices anyways.
         | 
         | Personally, I found my time at Google to be useful from the POV
         | of that, but also, yeah, just having it on my resume.
        
           | dilyevsky wrote:
           | People usually don't hand the keys to their company when
           | things are going amazing. Very first sentence:
           | 
           | > As we started to raise Socratic's Series B in 2017, we
           | quickly learned that our focus on getting usage at the
           | expense of revenue was going to bite us
           | 
           | As folks here seem be eager to read between the lines how
           | terrible it was maybe they should read between this one too
        
         | Domenic_S wrote:
         | You may have missed the point of the article, which was
         | explaining just how dystopian a place it is to try and get
         | things done
        
         | yunohn wrote:
         | You always effectively a cog in the wheel. You're never
         | actually making a meaningful difference. There's only a handful
         | of universally "impactful" causes, the rest are just things
         | that are part of the intricate world we've created. A job is
         | almost always just a job, whatever the industry.
         | 
         | Source: I've been in IT for over a decade, across all sizes of
         | companies.
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | Maybe you should read the article before bloviating about
         | things (seriously, what's with this ranting and raving that
         | doesn't even have the article it's supposedly answering in
         | context?).
         | 
         | It's not really a positive one.
        
         | JCharante wrote:
         | To the average person working at NASA feels the same. Most
         | professional achievements are being a part of a cog and society
         | functions by people working together as cogs to make a system
         | function.
        
           | laidoffamazon wrote:
           | This sounds so old school - people today don't think NASA is
           | an impressive or prestigious job.
        
             | wbl wrote:
             | Where else does your stuff go to space and make headlines
             | regularly?
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | SpaceX, BlueOrigin fits the bill
        
             | JCharante wrote:
             | I think you're very disconnected from the average american
             | if you believe that.
        
         | okdood64 wrote:
         | > general public has started to see those bigTech more as a
         | dystopian place than a source of pride
         | 
         | It really has not. Unless you consider commenters on HN and
         | r/technology the general public.
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | Things are slowly but surely changing, and this goes for the
         | tech world/culture as a whole, i.e. how we're seen by the
         | "outside" world.
         | 
         | I'd say that the high-point of the nerd/tech stuff was around
         | 2017-2018, i.e. just before the pandemic, but ever since then
         | techies have started being seen as a nuisance (and worst) by
         | more and more people.
        
       | zhivota wrote:
       | Very nice and sneaky article. It seems like a cheerleading
       | article at first but if you read to the end you can see the
       | cutting criticism, delivered in a way that makes perfect sense if
       | you've lived it, but you might even miss much of if you haven't.
       | 
       | I was part of a similar acquisition story and feel many of the
       | same things, but the company was eBay so all the talk about great
       | things wasn't as applicable. Just mostly the bad things.
        
         | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
         | I agree. It really shows that at a large scale it is no longer
         | possible to deliver new value. Google has reached that level.
         | It can only go downhill from here. Albeit very slowly.
        
           | butlike wrote:
           | Large animals require large amount of food. It's why there's
           | countless fish but only one humpback whale.
           | 
           | The question for Google is: how much are they willing to bet
           | they're the whale and not just a fish that's too big?
        
       | dwroberts wrote:
       | > On the other, both Chris and I left Google to found startups,
       | and neither the Socratic team nor Google as a whole have yet
       | produced an AI powered tutor worthy of Google's capabilities. But
       | a few Socratic Googlers might yet make it happen, unless they've
       | been re-org'd
       | 
       | Feels a bit like the post is upbeat padding to share the real
       | experience/criticism which is this part (ie exactly what you
       | expect for a small focused app getting acquired by a giant
       | directionless company)
        
       | moritonal wrote:
       | Is this a happy story? Having read it my takeaways are that they
       | were immediately asked to rewrite their app in Google's way, then
       | a separate research team went off and wrote them a new API for
       | their core functionality. And now given Socratic by Google on the
       | Play Store was last updated on Oct 21, 2020, and is not available
       | for my Android 13 device, so seems to have just died?
       | 
       | Kind of seems like Google bought the company, mushed the team
       | into the rest of Google and killed the app off.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | Was it an aquihire?
        
           | johannes1234321 wrote:
           | Aquire a company not for the product, but to hire specific
           | people working there. Like experts in a field. For instance
           | if you have a competing product and want to build something
           | using expertise or if you think the technology can be applied
           | elsewhere.
        
             | bennyg wrote:
             | I think the parent you're replying to knows that, they were
             | asking if this was an example of that.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I know almost nothing (I read the article but that's all) but
           | my gut tells me it could have been a "scoop this potential
           | competitor up early" as there was so much overlap between
           | Socratic and what Google research is doing. Could also have
           | been a "we need a product to justify this research work, and
           | Socratic is a good one." Or it could just straight be an
           | acquihire -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
           | gizmo wrote:
           | A 10 person startup without a business model? And all the
           | tech got thrown out. Clearly an acquihire.
        
             | pbhjpbhj wrote:
             | How can you tell them difference between that and early
             | removal of a competitor?
        
               | TremendousJudge wrote:
               | You often can't, which is why they can get away with
               | these anti-competitive practices
        
               | Keyframe wrote:
               | Well google did buy photomath recently as well, which is
               | basically the same thing so who knows.
        
               | screamingninja wrote:
               | What is the difference? If your competitor is competent,
               | acqui-hire them. If they are not, there is no real
               | competition.
        
           | xeckr wrote:
           | That's an interesting word. I assume it's when a large
           | company buys your startup just to have access to the talent,
           | without much regard for the startup's product? What sorts of
           | offers do they make to the founders?
        
             | beambot wrote:
             | Varies heavily depending on background labor market. In
             | 2021: $1M+ per solid engineer. These days it's closer to $0
             | as they're not aggressively hiring and plenty of talent
             | floating around.
        
           | cj wrote:
           | An acquisition of a failed startup where the purchasing
           | company is "buying" the team of people rather than the
           | product they built.
        
           | e_y_ wrote:
           | Normally I'd consider it an acquihire when a company acquires
           | a startup / smaller company and immediately announces the
           | discontinuation of the product. Less so if there's an attempt
           | to continue developing the product, even if it eventually
           | gets shut down.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | > they were immediately asked to rewrite their app in Google's
         | way, then a separate research team went off and wrote them a
         | new API for their core functionality
         | 
         | waves to Matt Hancher
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | I mean... it's both? It reads like real life - good things and
         | bad. Which is why the insight is interesting.
        
           | SilverBirch wrote:
           | To me it reads more like someone with a positive disposition
           | (or someone who has founded a start up and doesn't want to
           | burn bridges) laying out the problems without saying they are
           | problems. I mean come on - the upsides: we "merged cultures",
           | "our app lives on", "careers have bloomed" versus downsides
           | "we quit", and "we don't think we actually delivered what we
           | wanted to". But it's ok because after everyone who cared
           | about the product quit, maybe someone else will might make it
           | happen -\\_(tsu)_/-
           | 
           | You could change none of the facts of this blog and write it
           | as an aggressive rant about how Google murdered their
           | startup, forced them to re-write the entire thing, stopped
           | them shipping by being a bureaucratic nightmare, and the big
           | take away is you can succeed at google if you "play the right
           | game" if you know what I mean. It's ... not positive.
        
             | sanderjd wrote:
             | Maybe it's ok for writing to not be so editorialized as
             | what you're used to? To me this read like a trip report
             | from which the reader can draw their own conclusions
             | without the author telling them what to think.
             | 
             | I wish more things I read on the internet were written in
             | that style. I don't need to be told what conclusions to
             | draw, I can figure it out myself.
        
               | ccb92 wrote:
               | Agreed, very earnest style.
        
             | ido wrote:
             | > I mean come on - the upsides: we "merged cultures", "our
             | app lives on", "careers have bloomed" versus downsides "we
             | quit", and "we don't think we actually delivered what we
             | wanted to". But it's ok because after everyone who cared
             | about the product quit, maybe someone else will might make
             | it happen -\\_(tsu)_/-
             | 
             | Do we ignore the most obvious upside, that this guy (and
             | possibly/probably everyone in that startup) got paid a shit
             | ton of money as a result of Google buying the company?
        
               | bornfreddy wrote:
               | And can now watch his dream of so many years languish in
               | the app store. Money is only a part of the equation.
        
           | zymhan wrote:
           | Nuance is an underappreciated form.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | Code and infrastructure must evolve, and Google excels at
         | building secure, scalable, performant, maintainable systems
         | that squeeze every last bit of signal from noise. Startups
         | don't have the resources to do that, and Google can't launch a
         | product built in the startup way.
         | 
         | For an example, _anything /anyone_ that wants to access user
         | data at Google faces an extremely high bar for access, with
         | layers of access control, auditing, approvals, and enforcement,
         | starting at the design phase through to implementation.
         | 
         | At Google that's a good thing. However it would be pretty silly
         | at a 10 person startup.
         | 
         | What Google isn't great at is taking risks on new product ideas
         | (for many good and bad reasons), and that's why they often
         | acquire companies that do that sort of thing.
        
           | nitwit005 wrote:
           | Buying something, rewriting it, and abandoning it, is just
           | squandering money. You can't change that reality by praising
           | Google's way of doing things.
        
         | underdeserver wrote:
         | The founders got money, a line in their resume (sold a startup
         | to Google), and the experience of working at Google. They
         | didn't stay very long.
         | 
         | I'd be pretty happy.
        
         | andrewparker wrote:
         | Socratic by Google still exists today and is a widely beloved
         | app based on reviews. They had to rewrite the code and
         | infrastructure, but "killing off the app" implies that they
         | just shut things down. That never happened.
         | 
         | As for "happy story", I think the founders of Socratic learned
         | a lot. Shreyans is just trying to share his learnings here. Not
         | celebrate or mourn.
        
           | suprfsat wrote:
           | > This app isn't available for your device because it was
           | made for an older version of Android.
           | 
           | Not "killed off" exactly, no.
        
         | autokad wrote:
         | its a PR piece IMO. The google way is terrible for producing
         | products people want, which is why they always have to purchase
         | their way into new products.
        
       | cmrdporcupine wrote:
       | Having been through this myself -- but as an individual-
       | contributor rather than some kind of Thought Leader... and seen
       | others go through it.. Sounds about typical for Google acquires.
       | 
       | Google will tie fairly lengthy golden handcuffs onto their
       | acquired employees precisely because of what you see here. As
       | soon as they run out, most -- especially the founders and senior
       | folks -- leave.
       | 
       | I stuck around (for another 6 years) after my 3-4 years of golden
       | handcuffs expired because there was nothing else that paid as
       | well in my area. But most of my NYC colleagues from the same
       | acquisition bailed as soon as they got something else compelling.
       | 
       | Going from a fast moving startup where you get to make decisions
       | on your own rather small codebase, to a giant beast like Google
       | is... hard. Much of what was in this article is saying is
       | familiar. But when we joined Google it was "only" around 25k
       | engineers. Now it's wayyyy more than that.
       | 
       | In our case they basically seemed to buy us out to eliminate us
       | (or so the DOJ is saying now
       | https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10956 ...
       | though they didn't at the time). For the first year they kind of
       | just let us flap in the wind without integrating us, while they
       | just rewrote features from our stuff into their stack... mostly
       | without us.
       | 
       | 2 years in I felt a bit like the "Rest and Vest" scene from
       | Silicon Valley. Though I got myself out of that trough for a
       | while.
       | 
       | It was a weird feeling of simultaneously being happy for the
       | opportunity and the Really Good Money, but also a tinge of
       | bitterness about the circumstances of the whole thing.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | This sounds approximately like acquisitions I've been through,
         | except working at Google you get paid 3x as much. There are
         | many, many huge enterprises buying startups; few have the pay
         | scales of Google. (The general inability to act annoys me more
         | than comp, though, which is why I left Google to go to a
         | startup in the first place! I really miss the days of "rollout
         | new code on green"; you could have an idea in production in
         | less than 5 minutes. Not so in the enterprise world.)
        
         | s1gnp0st wrote:
         | I left early and left a lot of money on the table. If they
         | carved out a space for people to get weird and creative, I'd
         | come back, but otherwise I'll spend the rest of my life in the
         | chaotic fun of startups.
         | 
         | Some people are built for the pirate ship, not the armada.
        
       | gniv wrote:
       | Well-written article with some interesting insights. In
       | particular the part about process debt.
        
       | xnorswap wrote:
       | This picture from the post is worth a thousand words:
       | https://shreyans.org/images/posts/google/nooglers-no-more.jp...
        
       | dekhn wrote:
       | I remember a startup that had a great product that would match
       | you, a person with a questiojn about a topic, with an expert on
       | that topic, over gChat. Google acquired them, and they
       | immediately were told they had to port their infra into google3
       | and borg. This was a short window where the new hotness was help-
       | over-chat.
       | 
       | They rewrote their whole system and then Google told them they
       | didn't actually need the product (and from what I can tell, the
       | help-over-gchat idea isn't really a product space any more). So
       | they pivoted and made user profiles- that is, for every user at
       | google, they inspected all the history of that user, and made a
       | simple model that represented them. at the same time, several
       | other groups were competing to the same thing- and a more
       | powerful team licked the cookie and took ownership of user models
       | at google (often, the leadership would set up various teams in
       | competition and then "pick a winner").
       | 
       | After a few years, all the acquihires left google in disgust,
       | because google had basically taken their product, killed it,
       | forced them to pivot, and then killed their pivot.
       | 
       | What a shame and waste of resources.
        
         | s3r3nity wrote:
         | This tracks with what I've heard from other friends &
         | colleagues; one data point could be an anecdote but
         | seeing/hearing similar stories multiple times over the past
         | decade+ creates a trend.
         | 
         | Google Product Management is almost meme-level bad, and is
         | carried + boosted by such great talent in virtually 95% of
         | other departments at the company.
         | 
         | As an easy litmus test, think about whether or not you could
         | quickly name 5 Google products still around that the company
         | released in the past 20 years that _weren't_ seeded from
         | acquisitions.
        
           | caturopath wrote:
           | What are a couple somewhat-comparable companies with really
           | good product management?
        
         | jiveturkey wrote:
         | competition isn't a waste. for a google kind of company it's
         | fine.
         | 
         | is it a waste when 20 companies compete in the open market for
         | note taking apps, and 15 of them die completely?
         | 
         | google happens to be big enough to have an internal market,
         | that's all. your team isn't guaranteed to win. but your work
         | output isn't considered a waste, unlike the open market. some
         | of the ideas might survive in another shape. remember wave? and
         | you move on to the next project. (promo considerations aside)
         | 
         | different people will of course internalize it differently.
         | some bitterly.
         | 
         | I'm not referring to the plethora of chat apps. Those are
         | wasteful and demonstrative of google's failings.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | It is actually wasteful to build 15 note taking apps that
           | die. Free markets limit inefficiency as individual actors can
           | only run out of money individually unlike governments who can
           | bankrupt everyone.
           | 
           | Google gets the worst of both worlds by having multiple
           | internal projects and having management pick winners. It's
           | exactly the kind of waste you get from monopolies where
           | efficiency takes a back seat to politics.
        
         | eep_social wrote:
         | > help-over-gchat idea isn't really a product space any more
         | 
         | Couldn't disagree more, most web presences in B2C have a chat
         | box where you can talk to someone or something on the other
         | end. Usually they're horrible but when they're good they're
         | fucking great.
         | 
         | I think the other problems you outline, plus the fact that
         | google went through this process with gchat itself (anyone
         | remember Allo?) are probably the main contributors. As a
         | sibling comment notes: google's product org is meme-level
         | terrible from top to bottom.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | help-over-gchat and B2C chat are two different things.
           | 
           | help-over-gchat was a matching system that allowed you to
           | either ask a question about a topic, or declare that you know
           | about a topic, and the system would match question-askers
           | with question-answerers, all through gChat.
        
             | eep_social wrote:
             | Good point.
             | 
             | In my eyes it's a PMF problem and an issue with their
             | product team that Google couldn't pivot. I know in 2023 a
             | major CRM vendor has been rolling out the same idea as part
             | of their SaaS. They're trying to match individual customer
             | service reps with depth of expertise across a broad product
             | range. Not sure how much success they're having but the
             | idea is solid and requires an interesting combinatorial
             | solver to figure out "good" matches within various
             | constraints beyond expertise like individual workload, time
             | zones, etc. with the goal to drive down case resolution
             | time. Google is terrible at product and terrible at taking
             | the long view, despite having known for decades that
             | they're going to struggle with innovators dilemma.
        
         | fidotron wrote:
         | I think the outside world massively underestimates the
         | viciousness of politics in the upper echelons of Google, and
         | how it has been that way for a very long time. (It predates
         | Sundar ascending to CEO). I have never worked for Google, but
         | closely enough with teams and execs in those upper regions to
         | know how the sausage is made and it forever soured me on
         | possibly working there (and I believe that is entirely mutual).
         | The post acquisitions which are not quite merged into the
         | mothership teams tend to be on the receiving end of much of the
         | worst, and it leads to the result where the survivors are the
         | most obnoxious.
         | 
         | "Licking the cookie" has to be the single most common phrase
         | that came up, but my general sense was that both Google and FB
         | are full of weasels, only the latter is much more honest about
         | it. Neither is particularly desirable.
         | 
         | EDIT: Feel the need to qualify, there is a lot of superb
         | technical work there on many many teams, but it is the co-
         | ordination of that (especially fights over gatekeeping that
         | which goes forward) which is a total mess. The resulting
         | strategic blunders and failure to execute create huge friction
         | with the outside world.
        
       | asdfman123 wrote:
       | The second passport thing is definitely true. When I'm abroad--
       | even, recently, Buenos Aires--I have access to office space, free
       | food, a gym, and even a music room where I can practice guitar
       | and piano.
        
         | leidenfrost wrote:
         | That's the office near the port, right? Beautiful neighborhood
         | and the commercial part is very tourist friendly.
        
           | asdfman123 wrote:
           | Yep. Another perk is that Google always seems to lease the
           | best/coolest office real estate anywhere.
           | 
           | Most of my time here I feel vaguely gross about how nice
           | everything is.
        
             | parthdesai wrote:
             | Not a googler, but their office in Toronto is in pretty meh
             | area tbh
        
               | otalp wrote:
               | Do they have a dev office in Toronto? Thought it was in
               | waterloo
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | In the past it was sales&marketing only with smattering
               | of a few "guest desks" for visiting engineers. And the
               | site leads at Waterloo (at least) lobbied hard to prevent
               | Toronto from ever really having engineering for real.
               | Probably out of worry about centre of gravity being
               | sucked away, etc.
               | 
               | IMHO it limited Google's hiring ability in Ontario. And
               | it made me (and others) have to sell my house in Toronto
               | and move when my employer was acquired. I tried the
               | van/bus commute for 6 months and it was too hard.
               | 
               | Then the Geoffrey Hinton folks moved in there I believe.
               | And I think some AI R&D was happening there?
               | 
               | And then COVID happened, and everyone was WFH but when
               | you _did_ go into the office and book a desk, it became
               | possible to go into the Toronto office instead.
               | 
               | I left after that so can't say how it is now. Google goes
               | through waves of "defrags" where small groups and teams
               | in peripheral offices are... purged and merged because
               | there's a feeling that "strength in numbers" for a
               | particular project pays off. I wouldn't be surprised to
               | see what happen post-layoffs.
               | 
               | The Toronto office, when I visited it, was small. Food
               | was good though.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | > best/coolest office real estate anywhere
             | 
             | Hence the focus on RTO.
        
               | monksy wrote:
               | Sigh
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | In reality they were out of room at many of their offices
               | pre-COVID, and they hired like crazy during COVID, and
               | had no room for everyone to RTO.
               | 
               | Before I quit you had to book a desk if you wanted to
               | come into the office, hybrid. I pushed to get myself my
               | own assigned desk because I despised the stock monitors,
               | etc.
               | 
               | At that point (fall 2021) hardly anybody was coming in,
               | so it was a ghost town. But they would not have been able
               | to fit everyone in if they'd demanded people come back.
        
             | cmrdporcupine wrote:
             | My friend/coworker made the observation: Elysium. (the
             | movie)
             | 
             | Always felt kind of gross to me.
        
             | GreedClarifies wrote:
             | Meta also has exceptional offices.
             | 
             | Both are amazing.
        
             | elwell wrote:
             | > Most of my time here I feel vaguely gross about how nice
             | everything is.
             | 
             | Tell me more about this.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | It's almost literally a sidekick passport. If you fly into a
         | city with a major Google office and you say you are there for
         | work and you work at Google, the customs agent might ask to see
         | your badge.
        
           | eloisant wrote:
           | It has nothing to do with it being a passport, when you tell
           | a custom agent you come for work and you work for company X
           | they can ask for some proof. Nothing more to it.
        
           | goalonetwo wrote:
           | I know you guys are being told you are special but this has
           | nothing to do with Google. I Had the same thing happen to me
           | for different companies.
        
         | decaffjoe wrote:
         | It's common for Google offices to have gyms and pianos?!
        
           | dilyevsky wrote:
           | Gyms yes, pianos - only really big/fancy ones like MV,
           | Zurich, London, etc
        
             | bigmanwalter wrote:
             | Even some smaller ones too. The Google Montreal office has
             | an excellent music room!
        
             | asdfman123 wrote:
             | In my experience nearly every Google campus has a music
             | room, and nearly all of them have at least a weighted
             | keyboard.
             | 
             | In the Bay Area there are a lot of acoustic pianos
             | available. There's even a special building that has like 12
             | practice rooms, each with an acoustic piano.
        
               | dilyevsky wrote:
               | Yeah i was thinking of full size acoustic ones since
               | electronic keyboards are pretty common everywhere
        
               | milesward wrote:
               | While an employee, I stashed 6 colored "p-bone" plastic
               | trombones in google colors in various Google Cloud
               | offices... (tokyo has blue, green in UK, etc)
        
             | cbarrick wrote:
             | Google Pittsburgh has a music room. We're definitely a
             | smaller office.
        
           | paddez wrote:
           | A few of the offices even have a pool (Google Dublin, and
           | soon Google London)
           | 
           | Because the buildings are usually located in very central
           | city locations - I've often used the offices as a way to kill
           | time til' check-in opens for hotels after a long-haul flight
           | (grab food, caffeinate, have a shower, etc)
           | 
           | Recently I took a night train between Stockholm and
           | Copenhagen.
           | 
           | Showered in the Stockholm office, walked 5 minutes to the
           | train station, slept, woke up in Copenhagen, grabbed a hearty
           | breakfast in the CPH office.
           | 
           | It's a little perk that is honestly vastly underestimated
        
             | itronitron wrote:
             | I assume the data centers get to have heated pools
        
               | quietpain wrote:
               | Even the toilet water is heated
               | 
               | https://www.wired.com/2012/03/google-sewer-water/
        
               | milesward wrote:
               | eheheh solid
        
           | dgacmu wrote:
           | Google Pittsburgh has (or, had, I haven't been there for four
           | years) a Theremin. Not sure if that counts. :-)
        
           | Nicholas_C wrote:
           | The HQ has a halfpipe (https://ocramps.com/blogs/builds-
           | installations/google-headqu...)
        
           | Rebelgecko wrote:
           | Often just an electric keyboard but yeah
        
         | latenightcoding wrote:
         | TIL google has an office in Buenos Aires, wonder how that works
         | with the current inflation, do engineers get paid in pesos? do
         | they have to re-adjust their salaries every few weeks?
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | About 50% of my comp as a Canadian was in the form of RSUs
           | which were in USD, so there's that. But of course, the amount
           | you're given is indexed (in the past quite generously, but
           | less so over time) against local compensation rates.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | It's funny because later in the article he mentions the
         | difference between Google and Amazon, and this is a huge one.
         | At Amazon you can't even open the building next door without
         | approval.
        
           | rescbr wrote:
           | When I went to other sites I just had to file a ticket and
           | that was it. If something were to be approved, it was
           | automatic, unless it was a restricted office/building. Maybe
           | it depends on the job role.
           | 
           | Not too unusual, other companies I've worked were very
           | similar.
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | Doesn't work in China (I've heard).
        
           | GreedClarifies wrote:
           | Worked for me. Maybe someone filled a ticket to make it
           | happen, I sure didn't have to do anything.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | I've heard blockages in the Beijing Wudaokou office, but
             | that was before I started working at Google (I left China
             | in 2016 and started at google in 2020, so maybe a big gap).
             | Maybe it changed? (or my info was wrong)
        
           | kccqzy wrote:
           | Definitely did work. At least the Shanghai office before the
           | pandemic.
        
           | Rebelgecko wrote:
           | Should be fine (although your ability to access work
           | materials might be limited). Visiting the Shanghai office is
           | a decent alternative to the tower's paid observation deck
           | (similar situation at the Taipei 101 office)
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | Another great thing is you can usually find someone who is up
         | to have fun, even if you have no social connections in a place
         | you're travelling to. I was visiting Barcelona a few years ago
         | and emailed the misc- alias seeing if anyone wanted to visit
         | Montserrat with me, and 5 of us went up there and had a great
         | day together. Best part is, it is usually cool people who say
         | "yes" - the abject nerds aren't going to respond to that kind
         | of email.
        
       | sumuyuda wrote:
       | I found the mention of most of Google's code stored in a mono
       | repo to be pretty crazy.
       | 
       | https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2854146
        
         | jiveturkey wrote:
         | it's not a monorepo in the git sense of monorepo. git won't
         | scale that way.
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | This is not the monorepo you are thinking of. And yes I've seen
         | $M in developer time burned by people who didn't understand
         | that.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | There's no other way to run a firm this size without half of it
         | being mired in dependency hell.
        
         | CobrastanJorji wrote:
         | It worked far better than you'd think. The ability to
         | atomically change massive chunks of Google's code across
         | projects was amazing. At some companies I worked at, if you
         | wanted to make a breaking change in a common library, like say
         | rename a method, it'd be a serious issue. You'd need to release
         | a new version of your library, then you'd start migrating teams
         | using that library one by one or cajoling them into it, and
         | then, years later, you might be able to delete the old version.
         | And you'd have to maintain it the whole time. At Google, you
         | could just rename the method in the library and in every client
         | of that library in the same single commit. It was magical!
         | Almost all development at Google was done at HEAD in a single
         | branch, and it was a beautiful thing. It's probably also why
         | Bazel and Google's open source stuff are not great at
         | versioning and backwards compatibility; it's not something they
         | worry about internally.
        
       | doublerabbit wrote:
       | > Google does things the Google way. Just about every piece of
       | software and infrastructure used at Google was built at Google
       | 
       | And now we have most using everything built by Google. Sad times
       | when compared to times when everything was once individually
       | created.
        
       | b20000 wrote:
       | i've tried reaching out to various corp dev teams at FAANGS
       | without any results. i guess it pays to know people.
        
         | DiggyJohnson wrote:
         | I think your success with this entirely depends on what and why
         | you're reaching out to them, no?
        
           | b20000 wrote:
           | no, it depends on whether you know people on the inside
        
       | teaearlgraycold wrote:
       | > Googlers wanted to ship great work, but often couldn't. While
       | there were undoubtedly people who came in for the food, worked 3
       | hours a day, and enjoyed their early retirements, all the people
       | I met were earnest, hard-working, and wanted to do great work.
       | 
       | > What beat them down were the gauntlet of reviews, the frequent
       | re-orgs, the institutional scar tissue from past failures, and
       | the complexity of doing even simple things on the world stage.
       | Startups can afford to ignore many concerns, Googlers rarely can.
       | 
       | I started as someone excited to learn, make things happen, and
       | work hard. Within a few months I realized that the team I joined
       | was the "wrong" version and the "right" version of that team was
       | in another department I couldn't transfer to. My manager was in
       | denial, my team-mates were quitting rapidly, and my skip manager
       | was incredibly toxic.
       | 
       | But the worst part was that doing even a simple thing was a
       | monumental task. Something that for a startup could take an hour
       | to pick up, turn into a PR, get review, launch and get analytics
       | on would take 2 months at Google. You could do other stuff in
       | parallel of course but the iteration cycles were horribly slow
       | and the ability to get feedback almost non-existent. The team I
       | joined had worked on their product for 6 years and only just got
       | the most primitive feedback metrics a few months into my joining.
       | 
       | 3 months in and I knew I had to quit. I was out of there 15
       | months after joining. I'm going back to the startup world on
       | Monday and I'm actually really excited!
       | 
       | The extra pay of Google doesn't matter to me. The extra scale of
       | Google doesn't matter to me. I never want to work at a big
       | organization again and would rather die poor and accomplished
       | than rich and depressed. I came to Silicon Valley to learn as
       | much as possible. If I work on a high-scale system I need to have
       | earned that by building, launching, and supporting that system
       | from step 0. If I get big pay I need to have earned that from
       | excellent product development.
        
         | sarora27 wrote:
         | > I came to Silicon Valley to learn as much as possible.
         | 
         | This is so refreshing to read. Feels like 80%+ of ppl i came
         | across in SV over the last 10 years do not have this mindset.
         | 
         | Hold this philosophy close and guard it fiercely. It is your
         | secret weapon in a world of rising mediocrity
        
       | pkilgore wrote:
       | The tone of this is so different from the factual content it was
       | really hard to read. Like a story about a machine that crushed
       | your hand, and you wrote note to yourself that next time it would
       | have crushed it faster had you sharpened the gears first.
        
         | rand846633 wrote:
         | This made me laugh so hard! I really want to know what lead up
         | to this comment and was some llm involved?
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | Where did all your negativity come from? "A machine that
         | crushed your hand?" The author clearly learned a lot, had fun,
         | and also recognized the issues at Google and quit on their own
         | accord. Sounds like any other job to me.
        
           | user_7832 wrote:
           | Not who you replied to but often even if significant parts of
           | your job is shitty, if the fundamentals (incl having a good
           | boss who bats for you) are in place, you'd speak
           | favorably/with fond nostalgia. This didn't sound anything
           | like that.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | when building industrial tools, one builds them to do their job
         | as painlessly as possible, so I could totally see writing a
         | note to self that the gears should be sharpened.
         | 
         | Do not look into laser with remaining eye.
        
       | zerr wrote:
       | They do anthropomorphize - Flutter and Golang mascots.
        
         | pram wrote:
         | The Gopher is solely because of Rob Pike and his wife I assume.
        
           | cdibona wrote:
           | Yup, we wanted Renee to make the mascot for Go.I personally
           | really loved Glenda (the plan 9 bunny) and was enthusiastic.
           | It turned out pretty cute! We even ended up ordering a few
           | containers full from squishables in that first year of go
           | being released outside google.
        
       | raybb wrote:
       | I had the pleasure of working with Shreyans as a SE at Maven last
       | year and it's funny to see how this blog post explains some of
       | the experience working together. There was a strong aversion to
       | meetings and process and big emphasis on empowering the employees
       | to make judgement calls and just reach out for comment if they're
       | unsure. Those things just made sense to me so I didn't question
       | it but coming so recently from Google might have made those
       | aversions stronger. At the end of the day, I enjoyed that way of
       | working (which is probably much harder to do with bigger teams)
       | and I hope to bring it to the next place I go.
       | 
       | I left for a funded opportunity to travel Europe while doing an
       | urban studies masters (https://www.4cities.eu/) but it wasn't an
       | easy decision. I hope we work together again in the future. If
       | anyone is looking to work at an education startup check out
       | maven.com for sure.
        
       | xnacly wrote:
       | How would one go about working at google as a junior fullstack
       | developer? I wanted to work remote or onsite in germany but there
       | seem to be no open positions
        
         | okdood64 wrote:
         | Brand yourself as a software engineer instead of fullstack
         | developer, network to find a referral, LeetCode hard.
        
           | hbn wrote:
           | This is maybe getting offtopic but I still have no idea why
           | the term "full stack developer" exists or why it's so
           | widespread. Sure, if you specialize in JavaScript and you
           | mainly work writing web UI libraries, you might mainly
           | consider yourself a "frontend developer." Same thing for
           | working on server frameworks that would, I guess, make you a
           | "backend developer"? (I'd think in that case you'd probably
           | just be into general programming, and not call yourself that)
           | 
           | Does a person that wires up a backend to do some business
           | logic, hit some APIs, etc. and then send it to a frontend to
           | be displayed really need a name like "full stack"? It almost
           | implies your doing both of the jobs of a frontend and backend
           | developer, but if you go by the example work I mentioned
           | previously, you're not doing that. That's what I do for my
           | job and it feels like I'm doing the Sesame Street of
           | programming jobs compared to other areas of the industry.
           | 
           | I don't like how the term "software engineer" is overused
           | either. Maybe just cause most of what comes out of the
           | software industry really shouldn't be compared to what comes
           | out of industries that build bridges and large machinery. I
           | don't feel like people who regularly joke about copy-pasting
           | code snippets from Stack Overflow are really implementing
           | proper engineering practices.
        
             | okdood64 wrote:
             | > I don't feel like people who regularly joke about copy-
             | pasting code snippets from Stack Overflow are really
             | implementing proper engineering practices.
             | 
             | I think most people say this in jest; regardless, writing
             | low-effort code that would be "helped" by this practice is
             | just a small part of the job anyways.
        
             | erik_seaberg wrote:
             | As a backend dev, I probably know which teams are calling
             | me but not necessarily why, and I rarely have occasion to
             | try to read their code. I can't call myself full stack
             | because I haven't seriously touched frontend for a while
             | and it changes rapidly.
        
           | max_hammer wrote:
           | Does google hire Data Engineers ? What is the title for data
           | engineer
        
         | compiler-guy wrote:
         | Google isn't hiring much right now, so the options are pretty
         | limited. I expect it will loosen, but have no inside info.
        
         | guessmyname wrote:
         | Definitely DO NOT work remotely as a junior developer.
         | Achieving the appropriate career progression requires
         | meaningful interactions with your more experienced colleagues,
         | which may be limited in a remote work environment.
         | 
         | That said, here is a small list of things you'll need to get a
         | job at Google or any of the other Big Tech companies:
         | 
         | * Educational Background: it seems that you're a student at
         | https://www.dhbw.de/startseite, so you're good.
         | 
         | * Develop Technical Skills: you're already familiar with Go
         | (https://github.com/xNaCly?tab=repositories&language=go).
         | Consider getting some knowledge of C++ or Python as they are
         | common at Google. Python will help you a lot during the
         | interviews.
         | 
         | * Build a Strong Portfolio: junior developers usually have much
         | more free time to work on personal projects. I see you already
         | have a GitHub account with a good amount of Go code, so I think
         | you're on the right track --
         | https://github.com/xNaCly?tab=repositories
         | 
         | * Gain Practical Experience: consider internships, co-op
         | programs, or contribute to open-source projects, participate in
         | hackathons or coding competitions to demonstrate your problem-
         | solving skills.
         | 
         | * Networking: attend industry events, meetups, and conferences
         | to connect with professionals in the field. Google often looks
         | for candidates through referrals. Join relevant online
         | communities, forums, and social media groups to stay informed
         | about job opportunities and industry trends.
         | 
         | * Prepare for Interviews: LeetCode like a madman! --
         | https://leetcode.com/problem-list/top-google-questions/
         | 
         | * Apply for Positions: obviously, apply for a job; connect with
         | a recruiter.
         | 
         | I could go on and on with this list, but you'll discover the
         | other things you'll need once you have done most of the ones
         | above.
         | 
         | Good luck!
        
           | dmitrygr wrote:
           | > which may be limited in a remote work environment.
           | 
           | That "may" is carrying a lot of weight there. Almost makes it
           | sound like a fact, while in fact being merely an unsupported
           | opinion.
        
         | EspressoGPT wrote:
         | First and foremost, remove that red "Google is actively hurting
         | the open web with its browser chromium" banner from your
         | personal website[1].
         | 
         | [1] https://xnacly.me/
        
       | CobrastanJorji wrote:
       | The "red badge" thing was very real. It was really weird having
       | TVCs on your team. You'd all work hard together to launch a
       | thing, and then everybody except the red badge would get a
       | celebratory team tchotchke or a team lunch or something. If you
       | asked about it, the manager would say "we can't give Jim things
       | directly because that might be like compensation and they'd be
       | like an employee." There'd be all-hands meetings they couldn't go
       | to, or seemingly arbitrary doors they couldn't open or internal
       | sites they couldn't see. If you worked with a TVC, you'd get
       | training that felt like you were learning how to own a House Elf:
       | "Remember, never give them clothing or they'll be free! And
       | report them if they ever claim to work for Google."
        
         | gnfargbl wrote:
         | That's how it works with contractors in most large
         | organisations. The other side of the coin is that they're
         | usually rewarded better than employees are, on the basis that
         | they can be fired at any time with no notice.
         | 
         | In practice that rarely happens, as higher-pay => better-
         | retention => becomes-most-knowledgeable-person-over-time.
        
           | quux wrote:
           | I think this is why Google had (has?) a 2 year limit on TVC
           | tenure.
        
           | scarface_74 wrote:
           | Not necessarily. I was a tech lead where I could only hire
           | contractors. The run of the mill CRUD staff augmentation
           | contractors were making about $65 and the contracting company
           | was billing $100 a hour for them with no health care
           | benefits, no PTO, no 401K match.
           | 
           | On the other hand, the "cloud consultants", who were just old
           | school operations folks who only knew how to do lift and
           | shifts and make everything more expensive were billing $200
           | an hour. It was a small shop owned by the partners.
           | 
           | Long story short, I left there went to a startup for two
           | years to get real world AWS experience, got hired at AWS in
           | the ProServe department (full time job) and when I got
           | Amazoned three years later (two months ago), I was able to
           | negotiate a side contract with my former CTO for $135/hour
           | and even that was low. I did it because I found the project
           | interesting and I consider my former CTO a friend.
           | 
           | FWIW: I did get a full time job within three weeks.
        
           | carabiner wrote:
           | Most large orgs don't have the perks of Goog, Meta. Amazon
           | and Cisco don't have free food, massages, etc. so it doesn't
           | matter contractor vs. fulltime.
        
           | bastardoperator wrote:
           | I've never seen a contractor have better salary/pay unless
           | they're a fully independent subject matter expert and have no
           | interest in being employed. I've hired a quite a few
           | contractors and there is usually two cases, I need workers,
           | or expertise that is highly limited.
           | 
           | Most contractors, not SME, are sourced from staffing
           | agencies/partners. Sure, the resource cost is on par with a
           | salaried worker, but typically the staffing company sourcing
           | these people are going to take a huge chunk on that contract,
           | at least 1/3. So yes, the resource/person is 280K on paper,
           | but it's extremely rare they actually get paid that. The
           | staffing agencies will provide benefits, but they're not even
           | close to what in house staff are getting.
           | 
           | It also becomes nearly impossible to hire a contractor from
           | partners in cases like this because you have to buy out the
           | resource on the contract which is almost a non-starter
           | because these fees can easily be 6 figures per head.
        
           | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
           | I'm don't think it's true at companies like Google that
           | contractors get paid better. My impression was they get a
           | similar salary but no equity and worse benefits. I'm assuming
           | we're talking about the TVCs who basically act like ordinary
           | contributors on a team. Not some specialist consultant, I
           | don't know about them.
        
         | woadwarrior01 wrote:
         | While FB had the same badge color for TVCs and FTEs, everything
         | else was exactly the same. I later saw the red/white badge
         | dichotomy at Google and thought that the explicitness of it was
         | a bit better.
        
         | slater- wrote:
         | thank you for mentioning this.
         | 
         | i was a red badge. it was fucking demeaning. i have a lot of
         | stories, but my favorite was when everyone on my floor got an
         | earthquake safety kit except me. literally google didn't care
         | if i lived or died.
         | 
         | the expectation was that if i sucked up enough ("demonstrated
         | my value") they MIGHT make me a real boy, like some bizarre
         | Velveteen Rabbit fetish game.
         | 
         | i loved watching how Google would continuously pat themselves
         | on the back about how good they are to "their employees," and
         | then openly shit on the people who worked full time at the
         | company but technically weren't FTEs.
         | 
         | it's a caste system. a company that behaves this way should be
         | run out of town with extreme prejudice. but instead they
         | somehow took over San Francisco.
        
           | peddling-brink wrote:
           | This isn't just google, it's every company with contractors
           | and employees.
           | 
           | Microsoft learned the hard way to not treat contractors like
           | employees. https://www.reuters.com/article/businesspropicks-
           | us-findlaw-...
           | 
           | Nobody else wants to learn that same lesson.
        
             | coldtrait wrote:
             | Yea I've experienced this in capital one. Some smaller non
             | tech companies are chill, where there is really no
             | difference in how they treat contractors and employees.
        
               | peddling-brink wrote:
               | I worked at a big insurance company for a while.
               | Contractors could have their birthday celebrated, but
               | cake was not permitted.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | That's brutal.
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | The cake was a lie ?
        
             | allenu wrote:
             | Yup, when I read the blog post, my immediate thought was,
             | "Hey, this sounds just like Microsoft when I was there."
             | There it was blue badge vs. non-blue badge.
             | 
             | All the other stuff, too -- wanting to innovate but finding
             | everything so slow, lots of process, feeling very pampered,
             | etc.
        
             | JSavageOne wrote:
             | Ok but then contractors have the freedom to work whatever
             | hours they want, not show up to the office, and subcontract
             | out their work - right? If so that might be more appealing
             | than being an employee
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | Not in practice, because they use a hiring entity to
               | dictate the terms. You're expected to show up on a
               | schedule, do the work etc. much like a FTE, but you're
               | _not_ an FTE.
               | 
               | I think some folks have this illusion of software
               | contractors that this is somehow common, it really isn't.
               | The norm is you-are-almost-but-not-quite an employee type
               | work environment, and thats at the _better_ places.
               | 
               | I've worked at a place where contractors were treated
               | like they weren't human, basically. Worst equipment,
               | forced to work in an old warehouse that barely passed
               | code to be considered retrofitted for an office, people
               | routine got sick out there because they were exposed to
               | the elements. Not to mention, during fire season (this
               | was California) they were in a building that didn't have
               | a good enough air filtration system, so they were forced
               | to sit in smoke all day, more or less
               | 
               | I quit that place pretty quickly, but it was nothing
               | short of terrible
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | As a contractor, you are an FTE... just for a different
               | (almost always much worse) company.
               | 
               | And that arrangement exists solely so that the company
               | whose work you're actually doing can fire you more easily
               | or avoid legal liability.
        
               | GreedClarifies wrote:
               | I wish we could somehow get this comment more visibility.
               | Especially the 1st sentence.
               | 
               | People that complain about the plights of contractors
               | need to understand the above.
        
               | JSavageOne wrote:
               | I'm surprised this even legally flies. Seems like the
               | legal equivalent of creating a shell company.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | The US loves its purely procedural legal distinctions.
               | Shell companies are often not only legal but encouraged.
        
               | rewmie wrote:
               | What surprises me the most is how a corporation like
               | Google is incapable of meeting temporary staffing needs
               | internally, by shifting people already on their payroll
               | around projects. It's as if they are just admitting that
               | they are shit at managing projects and workloads and
               | scoping work to the point that they need external help to
               | plug these gaping holes in their load management.
               | 
               | How many people do they need to pay to manage this
               | contractor circus? How much effort do they waste sourcing
               | contractors, tracking work assigned to them, treat
               | contractors differently even interns of security
               | processes, and dealing with higher attrition levels? So
               | much waste.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | That's not legally a contractor then. As someone who has
               | done contracting, both for software and in construction
               | plus has hired them and had to be advised by lawyers
               | around the legality of what makes or breaks a
               | contractor...
               | 
               | If you are setting their hours, bossing them around
               | and/or providing equipment they are not a contractor they
               | are an employee. This is the law in 100% of the United
               | States.
        
               | ponector wrote:
               | How would you call people who are hired by bodyshop(IT
               | service providers like Infosys, Cognizant, Epam) and then
               | leased to Google?
        
               | jasode wrote:
               | _> That's not legally a contractor then. [...] If you are
               | setting their hours, bossing them around and/or providing
               | equipment they are not a contractor they are an
               | employee._
               | 
               | There are 2 different uses of _" contractor"_:
               | 
               | (1) contractor : official IRS tax classification of _1099
               | independent contractor_
               | 
               | (2) "contractor" : a _W-2 employee_ of a  "temp agency"
               | or "staffing agency" or "bodyshop" that is sent to a
               | client company (such as Google) needing _contingent
               | workers_. Adecco[1] is an example of a staffing company
               | that sends people to Google. These temp agencies with
               | workers classified as W-2 employees act as legal cover to
               | "avoid repeating Microsoft lawsuits". From Google's
               | perspective, these Adecco employees are "contractors".
               | 
               | If the above working arrangement looks convoluted with
               | the economic inefficiencies of paying for an extra
               | middleman (the temp agencies), it is. But it cleverly
               | avoids the IRS claiming, _" Hey Google, your so-called
               | contractors are misclassified and should be employees!"_
               | ... and Google can say, _" They already are employees!
               | They're Adecco employees!"_
               | 
               | The "1099 real contractor" is not as common as "fake-
               | contractor-but-really-somebody-elses-W2-employee" ...
               | because the "1099 contractors" won their lawsuit against
               | Microsoft.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.adeccousa.com/
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | I'm a mostly fake contractor. I miss the good old days
               | when I could fake contractor directly to companies. Now I
               | have to go through a middle-man that takes a cut. I still
               | make triple what I was making before, but it bothers me
               | that the middle man is likely taking 30-50% off the top.
               | 
               | These laws do not protect workers, they protect
               | entrenched wealthy body shops.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | I think the GP's point was that's how it _should_ be. If
               | a company is going to -- for  "legal reasons" -- not
               | treat contractors the same way they treat employees, then
               | they should be doing so not only in bad, exclusionary
               | ways, but also in good ways, with the expected perks of
               | being a contractor that FTEs don't get: freedom to set
               | their own hours, work where they want, and subcontract
               | out their work.
               | 
               | But no, companies like Google want to have their cake and
               | eat it too: they want a class of workers where they can
               | _require_ of them more or less the exact same things that
               | they require of their employees (and much more easily
               | fire them), but can _give_ them a lot less, and treat
               | them like a second class.
               | 
               | That's entirely Google's choice. It does not have to be
               | that way. But they've decided to create this two-class
               | system for their own benefit, not for anyone else's.
               | 
               | Also consider that these people are probably often not
               | contractors in the legal sense. They're likely W-2
               | employees of some sort of staffing agency, who are then
               | placed at Google. Google pays the staffing agency, the
               | staffing agency pays the "contractor" a salary
               | (significantly less than what Google pays the staffing
               | agency), and all is fine... legally, anyway.
        
               | ssharp wrote:
               | >> Google pays the staffing agency, the staffing agency
               | pays the "contractor" a salary (significantly less than
               | what Google pays the staffing agency), and all is fine...
               | legally, anyway.
               | 
               | The staffing agency vig is so high it is practically the
               | same as an FTE.
        
               | Galacta7 wrote:
               | I used to work for a temp agency (clerical, not in tech)
               | and I remember once seeing what my agency was getting
               | paid for me on an hourly basis. Iirc, it was something
               | like 3-4x what I was getting paid hourly. It was kind of
               | sickening tbh. Plus many agencies forbid temps from being
               | hired away without paying an outrageously hire fee to do
               | so.
               | 
               | It felt like being an indentured servant in many ways.
               | The only upside was that if you hated the place you
               | worked, you could always ask to be reassigned someplace
               | else. But that's the only major plus I can think of.
        
               | bozhark wrote:
               | You cannot dictate those terms of a contractor.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > Ok but then contractors have the freedom to work
               | whatever hours they want, not show up to the office, and
               | subcontract out their work - right? If so that might be
               | more appealing than being an employee
               | 
               | Depends on the agreement. First off, probably 99% of
               | these contractors work for a contracting company, so as a
               | contractor you have no say: You are an employee of
               | (another) company and they'll set the rules.
               | 
               | If you're truly independent, then sure - try to make
               | whatever agreement you want with Google.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | No, not really.
        
             | ponector wrote:
             | Every US company. European companies somehow have
             | contractors without caste system.
             | 
             | Obviously there are different policies for internals and
             | contractors, but fruits and pizza are for everyone in the
             | office.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | Which is because it is extremely rude, like meanest of
               | meanest, to not share food with each other. Like, of all
               | mean but not illegal things you can do to contractors,
               | not sharing food is probably what people consider the
               | worst. Small every day things are way more provocative
               | than abstract things like retirement funds or whatever.
               | 
               | Been there. Done that. The FTEs got strawberries. I
               | didn't. I don't think I have been that pissed off in my
               | life. If someone had wrecked my car on purpose I'd be
               | less pissed.
        
               | sjburt wrote:
               | At least with regard to 1099 vs W-2, a huge amount of
               | this is due to IRS rules.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | No, that's a rationalization. It is because psychopaths
               | are running the place. I have never heard of an employer
               | paying benefit tax on pizzas, and if they did, surely
               | they can bill the consulting firm in some circle if that
               | is the case.
        
               | ponector wrote:
               | I had the same two-caste system enforced in European
               | office of US company. Legally it was a local company with
               | parent in US. But anyway, "food is only for employees".
               | Funny enough, even student who was there for 20 hours per
               | week and did anything but work was allowed to eat.
               | 
               | This is a cultural thing.
        
               | zopa wrote:
               | This is in Europe:
               | https://arstechnica.com/space/2023/11/contractors-accuse-
               | eur...
               | 
               | A very similar-sounding caste-system. Europe's great and
               | all but it isn't Utopia.
        
               | ponector wrote:
               | Different treatment is a thing. But I couldn't imagine
               | someone is ESA will say fruits and pizza are for
               | employees only. Please leave the room while your
               | coworkers eat.
        
               | whydoyoucare wrote:
               | I'd like to as in what ways is Europe great? From my
               | narrow point of view, most if not all successful startups
               | were founded outside Europe, most countries in Western
               | Europe tend to be monolithic cultures where outsiders are
               | made to feel like outsiders, and many European nations
               | are socialist utopias (which means they take away a HUGE
               | chunk of salary as tax).
               | 
               | (And I am asking this in a friendly tone, as a genuinely
               | curious question, and not a combative one. These nuances
               | get lost, so putting them down in words). Thanks.
        
               | ponector wrote:
               | It is great for living, for raising kids. For life.
               | 
               | Taxes in Europe are huge, but comparable with taxes in
               | California. Just sum all federal, state, local taxes on
               | the salary, property taxes, sales taxes, health insurance
               | fee, college tuition fee. Don't forget to add 25% tips to
               | that. Count also small vacation, maternity leave and sick
               | leave.
               | 
               | And then compare for example with France.
               | 
               | And not to mention you wouldn't find anywhere in EU
               | thousands of homeless junkies shitting on the streets.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | The difference is unions.
        
               | collaborative wrote:
               | Spain and UK also run on castes. I don't know about
               | others
        
             | blagie wrote:
             | It's not the same.
             | 
             | The Microsoft problem was * _independent*_ contractors.
             | I.E. treating people as self-employed.
             | 
             | Normal contractors are employees of a temp firm. None of
             | these issues apply there.
             | 
             | Footnote: I started my career as an IC, before I had family
             | or kids. It was great. 32 hour work weeks and time (and the
             | legal right) to do startups on the side. Ton of flexibility
             | relative to a real job.
        
             | szundi wrote:
             | In my company I almost fired someone from HR for constantly
             | forgetting how these contractor people are part of the
             | team, invited to every event etc
        
               | MattPalmer1086 wrote:
               | In the UK at least, if you are a contractor you are
               | legally not an employee.
               | 
               | If you took any employee benefits, the tax man could
               | retroactively classify you as an employee and demand a
               | huge tax bill from you.
               | 
               | So many contractors would refuse any such benefits even
               | if they were offered. Some didn't care of course and took
               | them anyway, but they were potentially setting themselves
               | up for a huge legal and tax problem.
        
             | dudus wrote:
             | I had the same experience as a contractor for IBM.
             | 
             | Real IBMers got all kinds of stuff. We had to pay full
             | price for the GR meal.
        
             | omoikane wrote:
             | I remember Google had something like contractors need to
             | pay $1 to use the gym, meaning it wasn't free so it doesn't
             | count as a benefit, but the amount was clearly not
             | something that was material.
        
             | RajT88 wrote:
             | Microsoft contractors while not getting the benefits
             | package of an FTE, may actually make more money than the
             | same role as an FTE.
             | 
             | I have known some folks getting insurance through their
             | partner's work who passed on going FTE because it would be
             | a pay cut.
             | 
             | Yes, they are not allowed access to a lot of stuff (source,
             | telemetry, etc.).
        
           | fredsmith219 wrote:
           | Not at Google but I was a contractor at a hospital. All the
           | employees got active shooter training. I guess the
           | contractors were meant to be fodder.
        
             | itronitron wrote:
             | No doubt there are some HR/legal folks wanting to avoid the
             | liability of 'training' someone on something that goes
             | badly. The workaround to that is to have the training in an
             | auditorium and not keep attendance on who is in the room.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | or mandate the contracting entity do the training. I've
               | seen that in places that tried to be equitable about the
               | relationship with their contractors.
               | 
               | Typically the business gets billed for the privilege
               | though
        
             | xwdv wrote:
             | Why would they train you? It's the responsibility of your
             | parent company and for all they know you've already been
             | thoroughly trained for active shootings in numerous other
             | companies you've worked at.
             | 
             | You are not their problem.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | As a hospital contractor, are you different than, say, the
             | HVAC contractor that comes in to work on mechanical
             | equipment?
        
           | orangecat wrote:
           | _a company that behaves this way should be run out of town_
           | 
           | It's literally illegal to treat contractors too well.
        
             | gumby wrote:
             | But remember that is because these companies were
             | exploiting the use of contractors to deny them employee
             | protections.
             | 
             | True contractors won't care: they work for themselves and
             | have multiple clients anyway. But these "red" people are
             | employees in all but name, so that the companies can save
             | money and other protections. A small slip up by Google
             | (Apple/FB/MS/tons of others) and these folks get the
             | protection they deserve.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | Exactly. The mistake was thinking that the responsibility
               | stemmed from the employeeing entity.
               | 
               | It shouldn't.
               | 
               | It's clearly more linked to the type and structure of
               | work performed.
        
               | bentt wrote:
               | Yeah being an actual contractor/consultant should feel
               | GOOD. You should not be married to a single company for
               | too long. You should have a sense of freedom.
               | 
               | There should be a simple test that if a person is working
               | at only one client for too long (3 mo?) then they are to
               | be converted to an employee. There's no reason for these
               | middleman employers to exist except to make people
               | disposable to companies. If that's the case, then they
               | should be cycled in and out with a higher frequency.
               | Nobody should remain a "red badge" at Google for any
               | significant length of time.
        
             | mikeyouse wrote:
             | It's not illegal - they'd just have to provide them
             | employee-like benefits which would be expensive. So it's
             | just _costly_ to treat contractors too well.
        
               | eloisant wrote:
               | I think the way it works is that if they provide some
               | benefits, then they would have to make them into FTE and
               | give them all the benefits.
        
               | thomasahle wrote:
               | Exactly. And that's perfectly legal to do.
        
           | resolutebat wrote:
           | > _the expectation was that if i sucked up enough (
           | "demonstrated my value") they MIGHT make me a real boy, like
           | some bizarre Velveteen Rabbit fetish game._
           | 
           | Google goes out of its way to emphasize that TVC "conversion"
           | does not exist. You can interview, but you'll go through the
           | same process as anybody else, they'll make sure you don't
           | interview with anybody you know, and your achievements as TVC
           | are discounted completely.
        
             | actionfromafar wrote:
             | If what OP said is true, Google goes at least both ways,
             | then.
        
           | castlecrasher2 wrote:
           | >it's a caste system
           | 
           | One required by federal policy. Companies are legally bound,
           | or at least incentivized to not risk lawsuits, to degrading
           | temporary staff so as to distinguish between regular
           | employees and contractors.
        
             | thomasahle wrote:
             | > One required by federal policy.
             | 
             | Federal policy just says that if you don't distinguish
             | between regular employees and contractors, the contractors
             | are considered regular employees.
             | 
             | It doesn't say you are not allowed to hire those people as
             | regular employees and treat them like regular employees.
        
               | oconnor663 wrote:
               | If the feds said you had to insult someone every time you
               | bought printer ink, and then lots of people started
               | getting insulted, I would lean towards blaming the feds
               | for that outcome rather than blaming the people who buy
               | printer ink.
               | 
               | Of course, it could separately be the case that people
               | buy too much printer ink, and that we have good reasons
               | for asking them to buy less. In which case our feelings
               | about these new insults might be complicated. But if the
               | goal of a regulation is "do less X", and the chosen
               | mechanism is "you must insult other people when you do
               | X", I'd call that questionable policy design.
               | 
               | Coming back from the metaphor, it seems more accurate to
               | say that this regulatory situation with contractors
               | wasn't explicitly designed at all, but rather "emerged"
               | out of previous policies and court decisions. So maybe
               | asking whether it was designed well or poorly is beside
               | the point.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | This isn't printer ink, this is somebody working for you
               | full time who you don't want to call an employee because
               | it's cheaper not to.
               | 
               | The idea is that if you treat somebody like an employee,
               | they're an employee, and that idea was allowed to be
               | hollowed out. If companies participate in certain
               | shunning rituals they're allowed to keep those same cheap
               | employees.
               | 
               | The purpose of the ruling wasn't to allow companies to
               | operate in an identical way with identical costs, just
               | _meaner._ It 's not even a perverse incentive resulting
               | from the ruling. It's that we've decided that only
               | superficial, administrative features define an employment
               | relationship, and so long as those rituals are adhered
               | to, the fact that you work full time completely under the
               | control of someone for years on end is not sufficient.
               | There's no limit to the indirection, you may not have
               | ever met your "actual" employer.
               | 
               | This is not an accidental outcome, this is an efficient
               | outcome. It could be ended by government, but for the
               | people who pay the people who work in government, it's
               | ideal.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | > The idea is that if you treat somebody like an
               | employee, they're an employee, and that idea was allowed
               | to be hollowed out.
               | 
               | Other way around. The status quo was that you could treat
               | a contractor like an employee in everything but pay and
               | benefits (like healthcare), and they were still a
               | contractor.
               | 
               | A court ruling decreed that was no longer the case, so
               | now for companies to have contractors at all they must
               | draw a bright-line demarcation in perks between FTEs and
               | TVCs. A line that is frequently dehumanizing, because
               | dehumanizing is visible and easy to argue in a court of
               | law.
               | 
               | Anyone who predicted any other outcome was naive, and
               | those of us who want this silly pageant to end should be
               | agitating for a law that functionally bans contracting.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Not unlike how the GDPR resulted in banners everywhere,
               | because the law stops short of banning contracting,
               | companies have, of course, sought the optimal just-up-to-
               | the-edge balance.
               | 
               | The biggest two reasons it matters (i.e. two biggest
               | disincentives from just hiring contractors) are
               | healthcare and quarterly reports. Healthcare provision is
               | very expensive, even amortized across the employees in a
               | company, and TVCs get no healthcare from the client
               | company. And the client company can grow and shrink TVC
               | contracts all day long without having to tell
               | shareholders they went through a mass hiring cycle or a
               | layoff cycle.
        
             | einpoklum wrote:
             | What they should be bound to is making "temporary-but-not-
             | really" staff, just staff. But for that, strong unions are
             | necessary, and US unions have been very week for decades
             | (especially w.r.t. rate of unionization and centralization
             | of power away from rank-and-file workers).
        
             | quantified wrote:
             | Because chintzing your full-time employees by calling them
             | "contractor" and denying benefits is against the law.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | "Full-time" is misleading noise here; the
               | employee/contractor classification distinction doesn't
               | hinge on term (temp/permanent) or time base (full/part
               | time). Its true that some shops only bring contractors in
               | for one side of one of those divides, but that's not what
               | defines the status (or what defines who can be assigned
               | each status.)
        
           | depereo wrote:
           | IBM basically invented this particular kind of caste shaming
           | in a business organization. Hardly their worst crime, and
           | they're still allowed to operate.
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | Can we please just starting using the term House Elf for this
           | sort of thing? It would be awesome shorthand.
        
           | orochimaaru wrote:
           | This is a case with contractors in all big companies. You are
           | not a company employee. The expectation is that your employer
           | will compensate you and take you out to lunch, etc, etc.
           | 
           | But otoh you don't need to deal with performance appraisals,
           | office politics and all the other bullshit. Do your work,
           | take the money.
        
             | ponector wrote:
             | In such companies you are not truly a contractor, but
             | employee of the bodyshop company which lease you to the
             | client. As the result you deal with politics in both
             | companies: your employer and their client. And bodyshop has
             | performance reviews as well.
        
               | orochimaaru wrote:
               | Not really. A staffing co like randstadt won't give you
               | perf reviews etc. You just work through them for tax
               | reason. You hardly even interact with your account
               | manager.
        
               | pseg134 wrote:
               | That's incredibly disingenuous, randstadt is not a body
               | shop. You are basically lying.
        
           | teaearlgraycold wrote:
           | I'm sorry to hear about that. I always went out of my way to
           | make the contractors feel seen and important. I'd find their
           | manager from the contracting company and write glowing
           | reviews. I'd talk with them, treat them as equals, give them
           | extra swag I got as an employee.
           | 
           | To "stick it to the man" directly by being kind and generous
           | is perhaps the best possible task I can assign to myself.
        
           | _a_a_a_ wrote:
           | I worked at a small company in London and got treated the
           | same way: feeling left out, excluded.
           | 
           | It took me a bit of thinking before I realised it was
           | actually being done _for my own benefit_ , as I was a
           | contractor there. Had they invited me to the office party
           | etc. it would have contributed to me being seen as an
           | employee, and losing the status of a contractor. They could
           | not do this, I didn't want it. Once I realised that, I was
           | fine with it, but it did hurt initially.
           | 
           | I must say it would have been a whole lot easier if the boss
           | had simply bother to explain, but it doesn't really matter,
           | he did actually have my best interests at heart (as well as
           | his own of course!)
        
           | BMorearty wrote:
           | I've worked as an employee and as a contractor in Silicon
           | Valley (never at Google). While it was nice to be treated
           | like an employee by some companies, my attitude was that it's
           | just understood that as a contractor I'm not as much a member
           | of the team as the employees are, and I'm the first to be let
           | go if the money gets tight. Those were the tradeoffs of the
           | flexibility I got. If contractors are the same as employees,
           | why even have a distinction?
        
           | tgma wrote:
           | You were an adult when you took the job, weren't you?
           | 
           | Many people are unhappy and/or quit Google's FTE employment
           | too, and feel undervalued at Google as FTE. The employment
           | agreement is consensual.
        
           | firecall wrote:
           | It sounds truly awful.
           | 
           | In Australia we have laws protecting de facto FTEs.
           | 
           | We even have laws mandating that co tractors must add extra
           | to invoices to cover their Pension fund contributions! They
           | have to charge this by law!
        
           | raincom wrote:
           | I worked as a contractor for a decade before, I didn't find
           | it demeaning when employees didn't invite me to team lunches
           | or special meetings. Just charge more for your services. Do
           | you care when you get paid $200 per hr, if you are invited to
           | employee only meetings/lunches? Definitely not. The issue is
           | about the right pay, not so much about demeaning/or that
           | 'caste system' everyone invokes whenever someone sees
           | unfairness.
        
         | pcl wrote:
         | In my time at Cisco, I was impressed with how well they
         | integrated contractors. Wasn't like this at all.
        
           | sangnoir wrote:
           | Cisco has/had an outrageously large contractor contingent
           | (this may be different between Business Units). That's a huge
           | cultural difference between Cisco the tech giant sets
        
             | ponector wrote:
             | According to some reports, only half of the people in
             | Google are full time employee. Isn't it a large contingent
             | of second-class workers?
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | Whatever fraction it is at Google, I'm willing to bet
               | Cisco's is significantly larger, especially on "core-
               | business" teams whose work is mentioned in analyst calls
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | For those unaware, these rules are pervasive in the US
         | corporate world, and stem directly from Vizcaino v. Microsoft
         | in 1996. See:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permatemp
         | 
         | Effectively the fact that an employer treats a temporary
         | employee "the same" as a regular one (i.e. by granting them the
         | same perks) _is construed by courts as evidence that they are
         | not temporary_.
         | 
         | So, if a company wants to hire temp/contractor employees, they
         | just can't do this. It's not a "caste" thing, it's not about
         | deliberate discrimination, it's not about keeping wages low or
         | reducing overhead, and it's absolutely not unique to Google.
         | 
         | Blame the courts, basically. It was a terrible decision, for
         | exactly this reason. Its effect is directly contra to its
         | intent.
         | 
         | > If you worked with a TVC, you'd get training that felt like
         | you were learning how to own a House Elf: "Remember, never give
         | them clothing or they'll be free! And report them if they ever
         | claim to work for Google."
         | 
         | Yes! That's exactly what happens. And it did, to Microsoft, and
         | it was extremely expensive. So no one wants to see the same
         | thing happen to them.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | > Blame the courts, basically.
           | 
           | No, blame these companies for trying hard to avoid workplace
           | protection.
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | No, it's got nothing to do with workplace protection or
             | wages. The original suit was actually about participation
             | in the stock purchase program (which in the mid-90's was
             | extremely lucrative at MSFT!), something that no contractor
             | would normally expect to get. But because the contractors
             | got free food at the cafe (or whatever), they did. Or
             | rather they got a settlement making up for the stock the
             | courts said they should have been able to get.
             | 
             | Basically, the rule per Vizcaino is "Any benefit offered to
             | salaried employees must be offered to temporary ones too
             | unless you deliberately discriminate against them in all
             | your other benefits not related to their job."
             | 
             | And yes, that's a stupid rule. But it's the rule, and it's
             | universally enforced at every US employer large enough to
             | have a legal department.
        
               | svachalek wrote:
               | The game is that the contractors are supposedly not
               | working for the company that they're actually working
               | for. Anything that might break that illusion puts the
               | company at risk of needing to treat them as the actual
               | employees that they are.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | yes, it has everything to do with workplace protection
               | and wages
        
             | hughesjj wrote:
             | Yup, these companies could always just hire outright
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | So if they want to trim costs and not do that it would be
               | better if they hired no-one?
               | 
               | It is the same with undocumented workers. Would it better
               | if they were deported than to be denied benefits afforded
               | to citizens?
        
           | arrosenberg wrote:
           | > Blame the courts, basically. It was a terrible decision,
           | for exactly this reason. Its effect is directly contra to its
           | intent.
           | 
           | Blame them for enforcing labor law? Why not blame the
           | companies for exploiting labor by misclassifying them to deny
           | benefits?
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | Again, to repeat: the desire in the suit (to prevent
             | employers from inappropriately using temporary labor) was
             | valid. The _EFFECT_ of the suit is exactly the opposite: it
             | 's forced employers to performatively discriminate against
             | temps in every way they can find as a way to prevent the
             | kind of finding that hurt MSFT.
             | 
             | Thus, it's a bad ruling. I'm all for reform of contractor
             | labor laws, but this decision broke things.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | No one is forcing employers into performative hysterics,
               | it's a reactionary choice by the corporate legal
               | community. MSFT was guilty of what they were accused of.
               | If they don't misclassify workers, they won't lose such a
               | suit.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | > No one is forcing employers into performative
               | hysterics, it's a reactionary choice by the corporate
               | legal community.
               | 
               | "The rest of the world is wrong, only I know the truth in
               | this thread on a random web forum" is an unpersuasive
               | frame to be arguing from. Corporate legal departments may
               | be inflexible and hidebound, but they surely know this
               | stuff better than you do.
               | 
               | No, this is the way it works. If you do what MS did and
               | offer unrestricted perks to your temps, they'll sue you
               | and you'll lose. Period.
               | 
               | What you're arguing amounts to "no one should hire
               | temporary labor to work alongside salaried employees".
               | And, OK, that's a position. But if that's what you want
               | then you should make that case and not argue that somehow
               | Viscaino doesn't exist, because it does.
        
               | pseg134 wrote:
               | They will only win if you are violating labor law. Why is
               | that so hard for you to understand. If they hadn't
               | violated labor law they would have appealed and won. And
               | here you are 26 years later trying the case again on a
               | "silly web forum".
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | They weren't temps, read the case - average tenure, 11
               | years. And the entire thing started because the IRS said
               | they were dodging payroll taxes, so the common law
               | employees sued for what they were rightfully owed. MSFT
               | acknowledged wrongdoing and settled the case.
        
           | hudsonjr wrote:
           | I do think the net result of this wad bad.
           | 
           | I remember before this decision, I worked somewhere where
           | people could take longer to be promoted as a temp, maybe even
           | 2 years. I don't know that this was exploitive, it was
           | usually a mix of developing competency and department having
           | budget. If someone left the company, usually someone got
           | immediately promoted out of being a temp. If not that, it was
           | dependent on department budget increase in the next fiscal
           | year.
           | 
           | The legal change meant some roles like QA were put on a
           | company switching treadmill.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | no - the reason the issue went to court in the first place,
           | was MSFT and Apple and others, not hiring (stock, health
           | insurance) and then making contractors "prove themselves"
           | a.k.a. extra overtime, demeaning social situations, lower
           | perks etc
        
           | ponector wrote:
           | Do you really think that Google should not be blamed that in
           | cutting costs they don't want to provide same benefits for
           | people they lease?
           | 
           | If they had a will, they could easily force their vendors to
           | provide same level of benefits.
           | 
           | This is happening exactly to cut costs, to keep reported
           | headcount low. There will be no news if Google cut 50000 of
           | such contractors, simply because they are not counted, not
           | treated like a people. Just a resource, leased from another
           | company.
        
         | AndrewKemendo wrote:
         | Corporate feudalism
        
         | ChuckMcM wrote:
         | Ah yes, the TVCs. Nothing said "We're evil" more than the
         | subclass of contractors. It is almost a trope in Sci-Fi
         | literature that our characters in this Utopia world discover
         | there are people who are essential to the utopia and yet aren't
         | "part" of the utopia.
         | 
         | Of course in the stories our heroes rally the rest of the
         | Utopians to the plight of this 'untouchable' class, the evil
         | overlords are over thrown, and a more equal society for all is
         | established. But that's why they call it fiction right?
         | 
         | Given that this article is written by a team that was acquired
         | 8 years after I left, and yet experienced the same systemic
         | problems that I explained in my exit interview would eventually
         | kill Google as a company, I feel sad.
        
         | Nekhrimah wrote:
         | >TVC
         | 
         | Apologies, could someone de-acronym this one please.
        
           | kyteland wrote:
           | Temps, Vendors, and Contractors
        
           | dgacmu wrote:
           | Temps, Vendors, Contractors
        
           | no_wizard wrote:
           | Temporary Vendor Contractor
        
           | nlewycky wrote:
           | Temps, Vendors and Contractors.
        
           | tomjakubowski wrote:
           | Textured vegetable contractor
        
         | senderista wrote:
         | Same at MSFT (I know because I was on both sides).
        
         | nineplay wrote:
         | I went from full time employee to contractor at the same
         | company once and it was honestly a huge relief.
         | 
         | No awkward team lunches
         | 
         | No useless tchotchkes
         | 
         | No boring all hands
         | 
         | No forced participation events like 'hackathons'.
         | 
         | I just worked. It was great
        
           | foota wrote:
           | It was Microsoft, wasn't it? :)
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > And report them if they ever claim to work for Google.
         | 
         | Google is already too big at this point, I'm talking about
         | producing anything that would have a real impact in the medium
         | to long term.
         | 
         | In a way, that's good, the last thing we really want is for
         | really talented people to be able to do meaningful work at
         | Google's scale and given Google's current incentives, on the
         | other hand you have to feel for those talented people and for
         | their wasted intellectual potential.
        
         | tgma wrote:
         | I don't understand the concern. If a company has a choice of
         | hiring more people with more elasticity, or not hire as much or
         | at all, is that somehow a terrible thing to do?
         | 
         | Half of the things that feel like Google wanted to eject them
         | was to satisfy IRS (e.g. paid rides on GBus), not because
         | Google voluntarily wanted to treat them as such.
         | 
         | FWIW, most red badgers I knew were of non-engineering job
         | functions and for them working at Google offices was a huge
         | plus compared to their best alternative, not by a little
         | margin, but a lot.
         | 
         | If I were to speak from the woke mentality, the author of the
         | blog, who got sweet money through acquihire of a product no one
         | ever heard of and probably never passed Google interview bar
         | would be the bourgeois class at Google and every regular-E-
         | badger with a PhD who works on ads for next to nothing,
         | comparatively, to pay him is a third-class nobody. Gimmie. A.
         | Break.
        
         | mark_l_watson wrote:
         | My experience as a red badge person was very good. While it is
         | true that I was unable to bring my wife to lunch and I didn't
         | get free massages, everything else was great.
         | 
         | I was hired by someone with some clout who enjoyed reading two
         | books I had written. He would occasionally call me to talk, and
         | then one time he invited me to work on his pet project at
         | Google.
         | 
         | Some of the perks were amazing. I took an 8 hour class 'end to
         | end' that I would have paid a lot of money to take and in one
         | day I got to learn how to use all of the internal systems I
         | would need for my project, plus lots of other interesting
         | stuff. Pure joy, that one!
         | 
         | I totally enjoyed the food (this was in 2013) and I went to
         | invited speaker talks (I made sure that I wasn't counting this
         | against my 8 hours a day). Getting to meet Molly Katzen (author
         | or Moose Wood Cookbook, etc.) and having a long conversation
         | with her was great. Ditto for Alexis Ohanian.
         | 
         | I also have a work eccentricity, that apparently was not a
         | problem: I always like to start work around 6am, and then leave
         | early. As far as I know, this was not a problem. I need at
         | least two hours a day with no interruptions.
         | 
         | Anyway, if you get a chance to work at Google for a while as a
         | contractor, go for it!
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | >" Google used to have a set of internal values they called "The
       | Three Respects": respect the user...."
       | 
       | I see, this why whenever anybody has problems with Google they
       | just dial a number and get immediately connected to a caring live
       | person ready to solve whatever issues user might have.
        
       | tech234a wrote:
       | "careers across the Socratic team have bloomed" nice reference to
       | Bloom, which is what I assume to be the codename for the Socratic
       | rewrite :)
       | 
       | The most valuable part of Socratic to me as a user was not as
       | much the fancy technology, but rather the explainers, which
       | provided useful information on a variety of topics in an nice,
       | brief manner that made them easy to understand. However, I never
       | understood why more weren't written and they were never made
       | available outside the app, such as inside Search. However, the
       | explainers might be available under a Creative Commons license
       | [1].
       | 
       | [1]: https://socratic.org/principles
        
       | next_xibalba wrote:
       | > What beat them down were the gauntlet of reviews, the frequent
       | re-orgs, the institutional scar tissue from past failures, and
       | the complexity of doing even simple things on the world stage.
       | Startups can afford to ignore many concerns, Googlers rarely can.
       | 
       | I wonder if this helps explain why Google is getting smoked in
       | the LLM space right now.
        
         | hipadev23 wrote:
         | Google hasn't innovated on anything in over a decade. Just
         | continuing to ride that search monopoly. Entire company of rest
         | and vesters.
        
           | moomin wrote:
           | Except, as pointed out, a lot of the tech was literally
           | developed at Google. It's like Xerox Labs all over again.
        
           | next_xibalba wrote:
           | They literally invented transformers, one of the key
           | innovations that enabled this LLM boom.
        
             | hipadev23 wrote:
             | Google didn't invent shit, the following people did. None
             | are still with Google.
             | 
             | * Ashish Vaswani - Founder, Stealth Startup
             | 
             | * Noam Shazeer - Founder, Character.AI
             | 
             | * Niki Parmar - Founder, Stealth Startup
             | 
             | * Jakob Uszkoreit - Founder, Inceptive
             | 
             | * Llion Jones - Founder, Sakana AI
             | 
             | * Aidan Gomez - Founder, cohere
             | 
             | * Lukasz Kaiser - OpenAI
             | 
             | * Illia Polosukhin - Founder, NEAR
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | Then by your logic no company ever invents anything.
        
               | hipadev23 wrote:
               | You're inferring things I didn't say. Google's inaction
               | on the invention and letting that entire team leave the
               | company is proof they're inept.
        
               | basiccalendar74 wrote:
               | if the same invention happened at a university, no one
               | would say MIT/Stanford invented transformer. We credit
               | the people involved. Somehow, if it happens at a company,
               | company gets most of the credit. Even when the papers and
               | authors are publicly available. this is different from
               | say iPhone which probably would not be developed at a
               | university.
        
             | goalonetwo wrote:
             | "researched" it, yes. But they are completely unable to
             | operationalize it.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | I used Google Bard today.
               | 
               | Is that somehow not operationalized?
        
               | pseg134 wrote:
               | Ahh so you were our user today. How was the experience?
        
         | gen220 wrote:
         | Eh, as outsiders we're all quick to judge.
         | 
         | OpenAI and friends are able to move quickly, but (so far)
         | they're not able to translate their LLM innovations into high-
         | margin revenue with any significant moat.
         | 
         | Give it a couple years to see where all the cards settle and
         | who's actually making money "with" LLMs.
        
       | munk-a wrote:
       | I'm still not convinced that the best strategy isn't just to take
       | the acquisition money and bail. Any sort of large corporate
       | acquisition is going to lead directly into a few years of
       | spending an outsized amount of time just converting code, tools,
       | security rules, and processes into the parent company's
       | preferences.
        
         | ekanes wrote:
         | Fair, but often there's a retention package that can be a large
         | part of the acquisition offer total that could be hard to
         | resist.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | Usually you don't get the acquisition money right away, you get
         | it over a few years. They know you would just bolt if they gave
         | it up front.
        
       | croisillon wrote:
       | a new post for https://ourincrediblejourney.tumblr.com/ ;)
        
       | jccalhoun wrote:
       | Wow. I just realized for years that I had been mistaking Socratic
       | with Socrative. When Socratic got acquired I thought it was
       | Socrative they bought. This explains why google never integrated
       | Socrative stuff into Slides. Reading is hard.
        
       | joecool1029 wrote:
       | Crew 'we're building a ship to go somewhere but we need money
       | lol'
       | 
       | Google 'we'll buy your ship and crew'
       | 
       | Crew 'cool what do we have to do'
       | 
       | Google 'Well we need you up to code for sailing on our ocean, so
       | you need to rebuild a lot of your ship to look like our other
       | ships'
       | 
       | Crew 'ok we're done, now what'
       | 
       | Google 'drift between our many beautiful ports'
       | 
       | Crew 'whats the end goal'
       | 
       | Google 'we'll forget about you, stop maintaining your ship, and
       | you'll drift aimlessly on our ocean for some years until one of
       | the directors scuttles your ship on a whim'
        
       | inamberclad wrote:
       | Ah, and this app isn't available on my up to date Pixel 7 Pro.
       | Google software not being released for Google software, running
       | on Google hardware, is no shortage of ironic to me.
        
       | somethoughts wrote:
       | From the Google side I wonder if the underlying logic of these
       | types of acquisitions is actually more originating on the Google
       | M&A department side.
       | 
       | There's probably some infrastructure needed to maintain a
       | corporate Google M&A team which is probably is essential at the
       | size of Google, but I can imagine there is a bit of downtime in
       | between large deals that are actually exponentially value
       | accretive (i.e. Youtube, Nest, etc.).
       | 
       | If the downtime between rational M&A is too long, you probably
       | start having staff attrition, in fighting/restlessness, lack of
       | practice - not to mention a need to justify the existence of the
       | department via OKRs to the rest of the company. Hence the need
       | for some smaller, slightly less rational M&A deals to get done in
       | order to keep the team in a ready state.
        
         | bradstewart wrote:
         | No knowledge of Google specifically, but that M&A team is often
         | part of strategy unit that's constantly looking at potential
         | acquisitions to fill gaps in product offerings, valuing
         | internal business units for possible sale, etc.
         | 
         | So it's not _just_ actually executing M &A. Once the target is
         | identified, the actual deal execution often falls to
         | lawyers/bankers.
        
           | somethoughts wrote:
           | I'm curious about how compensation works for such internal
           | M&A teams.
           | 
           | Definitely I don't have any real insight into IBanking but as
           | I understand there's usually IBanking M&A division whose
           | activity (and corresponding compensation) generally revolves
           | around two activities - generating pitch books to generate
           | transactions and then generating transactions. I imagine for
           | IBankers there's only incentives to generate transactions
           | regardless of whether they are good or bad for the two
           | parties actually involved in the M&A transaction. I'm not
           | aware there's any activity/compensation tied to the long term
           | (i.e. 10 year ROI) success of deals.
           | 
           | It'd be smart if internal M&A divisions were held to higher
           | standards - not only being measured on number of pitch books
           | generated and transactions closed but also additional
           | OKRs/compensation regarding the long term success of previous
           | transactions for the company.
        
       | EspressoGPT wrote:
       | > Look at Google's collection of app icons and you'll see four
       | colors and simple shapes.
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/memes/comments/jlcw0w
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | If you have enough money, you can do everything that doesn't
       | scale; manually review every change, rewrite entire codebases,
       | require 12 conversations to try one new idea, kill icons that
       | don't look bland enough. Terrible ideas normally, but who cares
       | if you're making money? These are the signs of a rent-seeking
       | incumbent. It's not a monopoly, because other companies are doing
       | the same thing, but the customers don't have much choice but to
       | use them. A wonderful place to be business-wise, terrible to
       | actually work for them or be their customer.
        
       | orsenthil wrote:
       | > But they'll take on significant effort on problems that do fit
       | their nature, strategy, and someone's promotion goals.
       | 
       | I had to briefly stop reading this. I realize how _someone_'s
       | promotion goal plays a part in a huge team making significant
       | effort on solving a problem or building one of their chat apps.
        
       | jjwiseman wrote:
       | I find this part inspiring, regarding how to "respect the
       | opportunity":                 Practically, what this means is to
       | first do the work that is given to       you. But once that's
       | under control, to reach out into the vast Google       network,
       | to learn what's being planned and invented, to coalesce a
       | clear image of the future, to give it shape through docs and
       | demos, to       find the leaders whose goals align with this
       | image, and to sell the       idea as persistently as you can.
        
       | drewg123 wrote:
       | What I learned getting acquired by Google is that if your company
       | is below a certain size, everyone will need to do a technical
       | interview to be hired and leveled. They tell your management to
       | lie to you, and tell you its just a meet and greet, with
       | questions about projects you worked on, general background stuff
       | etc. But its actually a full on surprise technical interview.
       | (NOTE: This was true in the early-ish 2010s, not sure if it is
       | still the case).
       | 
       | Imagine walking into a technical interview 20+ years out of grad
       | school. Then again, I'm honestly not sure if being relaxed and
       | able to sleep the night before helped more than spending a few
       | weeks doing interview prep would have helped.
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | Nobody lied when we were acquired in 2016. Everyone was told
         | ahead of time that they would be interviewed and not everyone
         | would be hired.
        
           | drewg123 wrote:
           | I hope things have changed, but then again, it could have
           | been your management's decision. A friend from grad school
           | came in on another acquisition as CTO of the company being
           | acquired. He told me that he ignored M&A's suggestion to lie
           | about the interview process to his team.
        
         | tester756 wrote:
         | >Imagine walking into a technical interview 20+ years out of
         | grad school.
         | 
         | So just like when changing jobs?
        
           | drewg123 wrote:
           | I could have worded it better.. I should probably have said:
           | "Imagine walking into a _surprise_ technical interview 20+
           | years out of grad school. "
        
           | henry2023 wrote:
           | Yeah plus a few millions in the bank because of the
           | acquisition.
        
       | ren_engineer wrote:
       | >Amazing things are possible at Google, if the right people care
       | about them. A VP that gets it, a research team with a related
       | charter, or compatibility with an org's goals. Navigating this
       | mess of interests is half of a PM's job. And then you need the
       | blessing of approvers like privacy, trust and safety, and infra
       | capacity. It takes dozens of conversations to know if an idea is
       | viable, and hundreds more to make it a reality.
       | 
       | This article summarizes clearly why Google is getting their ass
       | kicked by OpenAI, they had all the tech but way too much
       | bureaucracy, red tape, and lack of bold leadership to get
       | anything out the door. If you look at the GPT4 paper credits half
       | of the team worked at Google Brain and apparently felt they had
       | to leave to get their work into production
        
       | didip wrote:
       | I don't understand authors who criticized the acquirer post
       | acquisition.
       | 
       | There is only one reason why you would sell: lots of money. You
       | understand this going into the transaction. Once the company is
       | acquired, it's no longer yours.
       | 
       | And you understand very well why you sold to Google: Because they
       | are so big that they can give you a lot of money. Unfortunately,
       | a large company always has a lot of bureaucracy. Surely the
       | author knows this.
       | 
       | That's it. No need to criticize, you got the money, you got to
       | the finished line.
        
       | bradley13 wrote:
       | Just to toss this out: I really wish huge companies like Google
       | were completely prohibited from any sort of M&A activity. Buy up
       | startups that might, someday, be competition. Absorb them and
       | destroy their product.
       | 
       | Sure, it's great for the people who sell their startup, but it's
       | bad for the rest of the world, which might have benefited from
       | the product that was assimilated into the Borg.
        
         | user_7832 wrote:
         | > which might have benefited from the product that was
         | assimilated into the Borg.
         | 
         | I think a partial solution to this is to ensure a minimum level
         | of support for say 10 years. A planned and community-agreed
         | roadmap, bug and security fixes. Google could afford it without
         | any practical cost. Founders get the money. Consumers get a
         | product for a decade.
        
         | leros wrote:
         | It's really sad seeing startups get purchased just for a core
         | piece of tech or for one of their teams. And 90% of the time,
         | it never goes anywhere anyway so it just ends up destroying the
         | startup for no reason.
         | 
         | On the other hand, as a big company, it's really nice letting
         | the plethora of startups try various approaches and then buying
         | one that is working, rather than making an attempt or two in
         | house. You usually end up with better solutions for cheaper
         | that way.
        
         | esafak wrote:
         | This is a bad idea if applied too broadly. Founders often build
         | companies with the intention of selling them to bigger
         | companies. Products that are intended to replace or complement
         | one of their products.
        
       | einpoklum wrote:
       | Please don't get acquired by Google. We need to bring people
       | _out_ of their ecosystem, not into it.
        
       | fuzztester wrote:
       | >And counter-intuitively, adding more people to an early-stage
       | project doesn't make it go faster.
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mythical_Man-Month
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooks%27s_law
        
       | ctvo wrote:
       | It's a mixed bag of Google's internal infrastructure is amazing,
       | but the company has culture and operational challenges. Just from
       | the bottom half, mostly headings:
       | 
       | > _Most problems aren't worth Google's time, but surprising ones
       | are. Most 10-50 million user problems aren't worth Google 's
       | time, and don't fit their strategy. But they'll take on
       | significant effort on problems that do fit their nature,
       | strategy, and someone's promotion goals._
       | 
       | A quiet acknowledgement of the promotion based culture driving
       | product.
       | 
       | > _Google is an ever shifting web of goals and efforts._
       | 
       | > _Googlers wanted to ship great work, but often couldn't._
       | 
       | > _Top heavy orgs are hard to steer._
       | 
       | > _Technical debt is real. So is process debt._
       | 
       | > _Amazing things are possible at Google, if you play the right
       | game._
        
       | wantsanagent wrote:
       | Socratic isn't available on Android? I can't install it because
       | it was 'made for an older version of Android?'
       | 
       | GJ!
        
       | aprdm wrote:
       | > What also got in the way were the people themselves - all the
       | smart people who could argue against anything but not for
       | something, all the leaders who lacked the courage to speak the
       | uncomfortable truth, and all the people that were hired without a
       | clear project to work on, but must still be retained through
       | promotion-worthy made-up work.
       | 
       | This is golden. I've seen this pattern in a couple of places I've
       | worked unfortunately. Mainly people who love to argue against,
       | but not for something.
        
       | jhallenworld wrote:
       | A startup company I worked for was bought by IBM. Some of things
       | that I noticed:
       | 
       | Right after the acquisition you feel like superstars: this is
       | because the number of steps between you and the CEO is pretty
       | low, because the people who did the acquisition are pretty high
       | up, and you probably now work directly for them. But over time,
       | this distance grows as you fall in the hierarchy..
       | 
       | On the other hand, it was way better for your career to be an
       | acquihire than a hire- you would start at higher band for sure.
       | 
       | IBM was different from Google in that there was no mono-culture
       | (like a giant repo for all code). Instead other groups tried to
       | get you to use their products. For example, we used perforce but
       | boy did they try to get us to use ClearCase and then Rational
       | Team Concert. Of course our group would have to pay "blue
       | dollars" to use those tools (vs. green dollars for Perforce
       | licenses).
       | 
       | At least some parts of IBM are driven by trade shows. There is a
       | need to show the latest new product at these shows, which drives
       | internal invention and development. My experience was that few of
       | these succeeded in the marketplace.
       | 
       | IBM, being such an old company had a much more normal
       | distribution of people at it. There was much more age, race and
       | sex diversity than at startup companies. There were many more
       | mid-career people who were in the middle of raising their
       | families, not just trying to change the world.
        
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