[HN Gopher] Should I replace my 56k modem with a 28.8K Modem? (2...
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       Should I replace my 56k modem with a 28.8K Modem? (2001)
        
       Author : edent
       Score  : 107 points
       Date   : 2023-11-19 14:13 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (forums.anandtech.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (forums.anandtech.com)
        
       | saithound wrote:
       | Title should say (2001). Although it's evidently funnier this
       | way.
        
       | RuggedPineapple wrote:
       | In 2000 or 2001 I ended up having to crash at my high school one
       | night. Rehearsal had gone late, till 11 or midnight, and I was
       | stuck. Not that big of a deal, the drama department had
       | everything I needed. Showers, beds, clothes. It was fine. They
       | also had a couple computers to control lights and sound stuff,
       | but they weren't connected to the internet. No worries I thought,
       | I know all my family's dial up info, I can log in via that. So I
       | did. I was a little perplexed that it came in under speed (56k
       | modem, but I was only able to get a 28k or 22k baud connection. I
       | forget exactly but it was somewhere in that range). I was curious
       | enough that I asked around with the IT staff the next day and got
       | confused stares all around, apparently with the types of phone
       | lines the school had a dial up connection shouldn't have been
       | possible AT ALL. This was some sort of big deal to the point they
       | even had to follow up with their telephone provider and there was
       | some question about if they were bilking the school out of paying
       | for a certain kind of connection but delivering something else. I
       | was obviously cut out of the loop at that point but it led to
       | some high drama behind the scenes.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | I'm not sure I follow. The service was better than expected?
         | 
         | In my experience you would pay for a minimum service. When we
         | paid for 56k dial-up Bell came in and replaced things until we
         | could achieve 56k. It's just a noise game. So I imagine it's
         | possible that the existing lines were decent enough to begin
         | with?
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | My guess is the IT "department" didn't know the difference
           | between dialup and ISDN.
        
             | Moto7451 wrote:
             | At least in the schools I did volunteer tech support in the
             | early 00s (in LA, while I was in Middle and High School),
             | the phones in the classrooms were meant to dial into the
             | school's own switchboard and not to the outside world.
             | Maybe that was possible? My supervising teachers always
             | seemed to walk to the central office to make calls they
             | didn't want to use their 300 cell phone minutes on
             | (remember that fun?).
             | 
             | The school school had ISDN and then T1 and every computer
             | was networked (even LC IIs) so I don't think anyone would
             | have bothered trying dialup. In fact, I definitely took
             | advantage of the fast line to download Linux ISOs and other
             | things they were ok with me doing in the off instruction
             | hours.
             | 
             | We even had a small AirPort installation that came care of
             | a donation from Universal Studios or Disney. I had a lot of
             | fun retrofitting an old Rincon 802.11/802.11b card to work
             | with Apple's Mac OS 8 drivers.
             | 
             | Good memories I am happy to not reproduce given today's
             | advancements.
        
           | saxonww wrote:
           | This kind of sounds like the line was provided by PBX and
           | they didn't expect modems to work well or at all.
        
             | don-code wrote:
             | When I was younger, I connected via 56k modem over the PBX
             | at my parents' shop. My connection speeds topped out at
             | 33.6k.
             | 
             | Under the hood, V.90 (the standard for 56k modems) expects
             | that there's only a single digital-to-analog conversion,
             | seen from the ISP's side. The line down from the ISP to the
             | consumer is digital PCM until the last mile. In the
             | opposite direction from the consumer back to the ISP,
             | analog trellis modulation is still used. This is why you
             | still typically only see 33.6k upload speeds on a V.90
             | modem.
             | 
             | Many PBXes will introduce an additional analog-to-digital
             | conversion in the unit itself, before converting back to
             | analog and putting the signal back on the wire to the
             | street. V.90 can't tolerate that extra conversion, so a
             | connection at 56k speeds fails, and the modem backs down to
             | V.34 / 33.6k, which is perfectly usable on a fully analog
             | line.
        
           | RuggedPineapple wrote:
           | This is 20 year old memories so I may have some of the
           | details wrong, but the gist was the school had rolled out an
           | early IP telephony solution and the landlines were just rj-11
           | patch cables into a monolithic IP telephony box that assigned
           | each line a number and shouldn't have been capable of
           | handling the dial up connection through that
        
             | Waterluvian wrote:
             | Sounds like an interesting mystery. If a human can talk, a
             | modem can talk. It's analog after all. Maybe the IP
             | abstraction meant, "there's quantization happening that
             | makes it technically impossible for a modem to talk at any
             | sensible baud rate. There's still some circuit switched
             | stuff going on here that we shouldn't be paying for."
             | 
             | Now I'm curious to see what baud rate can be achieved over
             | today's VOIP lines!
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | I've used analog fax over SIP in the last few years, with
               | ulaw, usually very successfully.
               | 
               | Not sure if it linked at 9600 or what, didn't pay
               | attention.
        
               | epcoa wrote:
               | > If a human can talk, a modem can talk. It's analog
               | after all.
               | 
               | That's an oversimplification, especially for 56k where
               | the signal isn't analog in the sense of the slower speeds
               | and uses PAM (pulse amplitude modulation) that is trained
               | at the beginning of the call (it can be retrained but
               | that is long and drawn out). Central offices had to be
               | upgraded and basic u-law quantization meant 56k was a no
               | go even on most classic POTS lines. There's a bit more to
               | it than just "noise."
               | 
               | For VoIP, Amplitude distortion and quantization error
               | (from multiple sources) means you will never get 56k over
               | any voip system. Phase distortion and echo cancellation
               | make other speeds frustrating. Doing better than 9600 is
               | going to be difficult.
               | 
               | My guess is the OP was not dealing with an IP system
               | (sounds less likely for a school in 2000). In any event
               | they noted they could not achieve 56k which is expected
               | that they were not able to establish a PAM link over the
               | PBX, but the channel was good enough for analog FSK
               | modulation. That they could have achieved 28k pretty much
               | rules out any IP system with an ATA of that vintage .
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Way back when my dad had an analog POTS connection at his
               | rural Maine house. It worked fine for voice calls but it
               | was flaky to non-existent for a modem connection, to
               | which the telco basically went <shrug>.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | If you go back in time, you want to test it with faxing,
               | if it doesn't work for data modem, it probably doesn't
               | work well for faxing, and if it doesn't work for faxing,
               | the telco might actually fix it.
        
               | FrankPetrilli wrote:
               | > For VoIP, Amplitude distortion and quantization error
               | (from multiple sources) means you will never get 56k over
               | any voip system
               | 
               | https://frank.petril.li/posts/dialup-adventures-1/
               | 
               | I've done V.90 over VoIP. In a very controlled
               | environment that was tuned for it, but VoIP nonetheless.
               | The main issue is that VoIP timing, even with deep
               | buffers, is prone to more jitter than a PDH network and
               | the phase drift will eventually cause enough errors to
               | force a retrain every few minutes. Either way, "never" is
               | a little too absolute IMHO. :)
        
               | epcoa wrote:
               | Fair enough. How about V.92? Have you had a setup where
               | upstream PCM could be successfully established?
        
               | FrankPetrilli wrote:
               | Good question - it's been almost two years since this
               | project so I don't recall whether V.92 came up at all,
               | even on a pure T-1 setup. I still have all the gear, if I
               | set it up and run it again I'll update this thread.
        
               | simfree wrote:
               | What gear were you using?
        
               | RuggedPineapple wrote:
               | I think this is exactly right for reasons that weren't
               | important to the base story. The year after the story
               | they moved to these Cisco VoIP phones that plugged into
               | Ethernet directly, which seems odd considering they had
               | just recently moved onto what was supposedly a Telco
               | provided IP phone service. I suspect someone either
               | misunderstood what they were buying or someone
               | misrepresented what they were selling. They moved to what
               | they thought they were getting in the first place and
               | dropped the telco entirely.
               | 
               | For schools of that time, there was an incredible amount
               | of money flowing around in the dot-com era. At least for
               | a high school in a state capital. Both Microsoft and
               | Cisco sponsored classes and teachers for them at my
               | school. I got semesters A and B of my CCNA as a credit
               | giving elective. My first time using Linux was
               | (ironically) in the Microsoft sponsored class.
        
         | epc wrote:
         | The school was likely using ISDN or some sort of digital phone
         | setup and you lucked out. Hotels used to have a special data
         | port on the room handset that you could use because the main
         | line was digital (either ISDN or something else). Even then I
         | could typically only get 28-33k, not the 53k (I never, ever got
         | a pure 56k connection).
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Cables are rated for data with a certain expectation of abuse.
         | On a straight run, cat-5 UTP and cat-6 UTP are identical even
         | though the former is rated for 100Mps and the latter for
         | 10Gbps.
         | 
         | But if you bend them around a corner and pull the cable tight,
         | the pairs in the cat-5 will become separated while the pairs in
         | the cat-6 will stay mostly paired (electrons running in
         | opposite directions create fields which negate each other, this
         | is spoiled if the stands separate. Then the cable becomes
         | noisy).
         | 
         | It would be similar with baud rates and phone lines. Probably
         | the school's setup wasn't of the sort that could typically
         | handle data, so the telco had offered them some kind of
         | expensive alternative, but the installers had had a gentle
         | touch, so it actually could handle data.
         | 
         | That, or the telco was just lying and trying to sell something
         | the customer didn't need. Wouldn't be the first time that had
         | happened.
        
         | rr808 wrote:
         | Its a big deal if a school computer network that wasn't
         | connected to the internet suddenly you open up a direct route
         | with no firewall or security.
        
           | dwringer wrote:
           | I know it wasn't the same everywhere, but back in 2001 my
           | high school had an IT staff that consisted of a single
           | teacher with no real technical literacy to begin with. There
           | was no real sort of firewall or security, including the
           | computers that were on the internet. It was kind of a
           | different time.
        
           | fgonzag wrote:
           | I can hazzard a guess you weren't around back then. Computers
           | weren't something everyone depended on... They were novelties
        
         | oogali wrote:
         | My guess is the telecom vendor your school selected told your
         | school's IT and purchasing teams that their new phone lines
         | cannot handle modem connections, so they would be obligated to
         | buy a separate IP connectivity service from the same vendor.
         | 
         | Being the early 90s, technical expertise about Internet
         | connectivity was sparse and they most likely entered into a
         | contract with this vendor on the strength of their statement.
         | 
         | They were now surprised to find out the truth: that they
         | could've kept using their existing paid-for modems instead of
         | upgrading to a new, expensive, high-speed Internet, access
         | circuit tied to a multi-year contract and all the requisite
         | equipment that came along with that.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | Definitely, dude. You were much more likely to get a stable and
       | reliable connection from a hardware modem at a slower speed than
       | from a soft modem that was trying for 56 kbits on a bad voice
       | line.
       | 
       | If anyone wants to brush up on their understanding of the Nyquist
       | theorem, give yourself homework to find out why the highest speed
       | ever offered on analog phone lines was 56 kbits. That's a nice
       | Rabbit Hole to tour.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | Channel capacity is b * log2 (1 + snr) where b is the bandwidth
         | in Hz and snr is the linear signal-to-noise ratio.
         | 
         | The voice passband in the old telephone system is 3 kHz. And 60
         | dB SNR average over the passband was typical for a clear voice
         | channel:                   3000 * log2 1000000 = 59,800 bits
         | per second.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Heh, where I lived 56k modems were useless. The telephone
         | infrastructure was already using some kind of cheat where they
         | effectively doubled up the number of voice calls that went over
         | a single wire (and I can't for the life of me remember what
         | this is called now). The most you could ever get would be 28.8,
         | but more likely you'd get 24,000.
        
           | don-code wrote:
           | You're probably thinking of robbed bit signaling:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robbed_bit_signaling
           | 
           | This wasn't quite doubling. Five out of six frames were
           | sampled at full 8-bit resolution, while the remaining frame
           | was sampled at 7-bit resolution (hence the "robbed bit"). The
           | "doubling" is probably that you could run 24 digital lines
           | with the 7/8-bit encoding, over the wires used by just two
           | analog phone lines.
        
             | marcus0x62 wrote:
             | Robbed bit signaling was (is) used to encode signaling
             | information on a digital circuit (typically a T1 in North
             | America) without a dedicated signaling channel. There were
             | a variety of multiplexing systems to get more than a single
             | line on a copper pair, but they didn't have anything to do
             | with robbed bit signaling.
        
           | ac29 wrote:
           | The linked forum thread talks about this, its called pair
           | gain.
        
         | awiesenhofer wrote:
         | If anyone else is curious now, this is one of the first Google
         | results I found and quite the delightful, in-depth read
         | explaining it:
         | 
         | https://www.10stripe.com/articles/why-is-56k-the-fastest-dia...
        
       | zzzcsgo wrote:
       | Those winmodems... Had a lot of issues with them, specially under
       | Linux. I tried to avoid them like the plague.
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | When I was 14 there was a power outage at Barnes & Noble. That's
       | how I got my 28.8 modem.
        
       | ksherlock wrote:
       | For those that don't remember, a winmodem (aka softmodem) was
       | smaller and cheaper because the modulation / demodulation was
       | handled in software with host CPU and RAM. Using an external
       | modem would free up CPU and RAM since it's handled in hardware.
        
         | doubloon wrote:
         | further radicalizing the open source movement. this was a
         | massive deal with linux people back then since it threatened to
         | shut linux off the internet, which would kill it. (if you take
         | the idea to the extreme as young people do, that every network
         | hardware device would soon require single-source proprietary
         | software from a monopolistic corporation).
        
           | rascul wrote:
           | Old, surprised it's still up, and related:
           | 
           | http://www.linmodems.org/
        
             | throitallaway wrote:
             | Holy heck, I remember using that. I'm so glad that the days
             | of IRQ conflicts, Winmodems, etc. are past us.
        
         | netsharc wrote:
         | I wonder how it is nowadays, PCI(e) sound cards are no longer a
         | thing and are mostly on the motherboard (ok well the on-board
         | chips are probably more powerful than chips on sound cards from
         | x years ago), AMD's on-CPU GPU are quite powerful too. My
         | network card^W chip has an option to off-load checksum
         | calculations.
         | 
         | Seems like there's enough spare CPU cycles even if some of them
         | have been used for your written-in-Javascript IDE and written-
         | in-Javascript messaging client.
        
           | giantrobot wrote:
           | It's less about total cycles and more about scheduling. You
           | don't really want a real-time or low latency thing like sound
           | to get preempted by another process.
           | 
           | One of the problems with WinModems was they were sensitive to
           | CPU load. In the nominal "browsing" case they might be fine,
           | the average webpage wasn't going to load down the system too
           | much. With something like gaming where the system was more
           | stressed the modem could have weird latency issues or the
           | driver could even crash.
        
             | justsomehnguy wrote:
             | Or have shitty drivers what would insert garbage in the
             | received data, bad threading and memory management I
             | supposec
             | 
             | I still have mp3s with botched (and very audible) grabled
             | parts, corrupted at downdload.
        
         | dicriseg wrote:
         | I was doing dialup internet support when these things hit the
         | market. What a fucking mess. It's 25 years later and I still
         | get anxious when the phone rings, because my brain thinks it
         | might be a senior citizen who can't connect after they got a
         | good deal on a new computer. Sometimes we could get them back
         | on line with an init string, but often they needed new drivers.
         | Walking someone through either of those over the phone was
         | brutal.
         | 
         | Getting online as easily as we do today is nothing I will ever
         | take for granted!
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | I also briefly worked in Student IT support junior year of my
           | university and "Winmodem" sent similar chills down my spine.
           | An idea that never should have happened!
           | 
           | You can boil a lot of tech changes down to either A: Let's
           | take this problem that has been solved in hardware and move
           | it to software! and B: Let's take this problem that has been
           | implemented in software and bake it into hardware.
           | 
           | Somehow, A is always a train wreck, and B usually pushes the
           | abstraction stack upward and moves the industry forward. Yet,
           | we as an industry keep trying A and expecting good results.
        
             | dicriseg wrote:
             | Yeah, in the case of winmodems/softmodems, it was because A
             | is cheaper. Or, at least, you could externalize the costs.
             | 
             | In our case, we technically did not support your hardware -
             | you had to show up with a working modem. But in practice,
             | if you want to retain your customers, you need to support
             | their hardware. At one point we used to have CDs full of
             | known good drivers for all of the common softmodems that
             | we'd send out if we couldn't figure out a configuration
             | workaround. Even then, I had a handful of discussions with
             | folks where I basically told them that their thing wasn't
             | going to work - they either needed a different modem, of
             | which we'd recommend a few that we knew some stores
             | carried, or they needed to find a way to cut down their
             | line noise. I'm one of those types that takes it a little
             | bit personally when I spend a bunch of time on something
             | and still can't solve it, so that always sucked. Maybe you
             | could say that wasn't strictly the modem's fault, but even
             | the cheapest hardware modems had better tolerance for line
             | noise.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | I think a lot of the problem was how difficult it was for
               | the average computer user to tell the difference between
               | a real modem and a Winmodem. Some manufacturers
               | deliberately failed to distinguish them in marketing,
               | pretending they were both "modems". Retailers were in on
               | the scam, too. The whole puddle got muddied to the point
               | where a savvy consumer needed to keep a whitelist of
               | "real modem" make and model numbers with them going to
               | the store. You could usually tell by the price, though,
               | as you say they were cheap (garbage).
        
               | dicriseg wrote:
               | This is unlocking memories for me. I think we used to
               | tell folks something like "If it's under $50 and Walmart
               | sells it, that's a winmodem" or something like that.
               | 
               | In theory, one of the selling points was that as
               | standards changed, you would just upgrade your
               | drivers/software and not buy a new modem. That probably
               | made a lot of sense if you bought a USR Winmodem, but
               | those $20 unbranded models were lucky to ever see an
               | update. If you were lucky, you had a reference model and
               | could use the OEM drivers which did occasionally get
               | updated. But by the time these things came about,
               | V.90/V.92 existed, and dialup standards were kind of
               | frozen in that 56k-if-you-were-lucky state. There wasn't
               | anything to upgrade to - you got DSL if you wanted more
               | bandwidth over POTS lines, or you went to cable.
               | 
               | Also I could be completely full of shit on the above.
               | These are memories from 16-18 year old me.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Took maaaaaaany hours to for tech support to figure out why
           | my $$$ 33.6k external modem worked sloooooooow. Often took
           | them a lot of convincing that it was actually slow, a lot of
           | early internet users had higher expectations, but I was
           | coming from 2400bps service. Bazillions of failed packets
           | reported in Windows Dial Up Networking.
           | 
           | Finally found the person that figured it out. Computer only
           | had an 8250 UART for the serial port. $35 ISA serial port
           | card with 16550A UART solved it!
        
             | dicriseg wrote:
             | This was definitely when tech support could still be fun.
             | We didn't have tiers or scripts or anything, just a handful
             | of people on shift answering calls. You kind of loved when
             | you got one like this when the customer calling in also had
             | a good attitude about it. Probably because you knew the
             | call was going to eat up at least a quarter of your shift,
             | and you got to think a little. It sure beat the 10th time
             | that day you were walking someone through uninstalling and
             | reinstalling TCP/IP on Win95/98/ME.
             | 
             | All these years later I really do still have anxiety when
             | the phone rings, though. I have an irrational fear of
             | picking up even when it's, like, my dad, or picking up the
             | phone and having to call a business to ask a question or
             | something.
             | 
             | Do you happen to remember what sort of system you had that
             | still had an 8250 but extended into the >14.4kbps era? Was
             | this just a super old machine in the mid 1990's, or
             | something in the 486+ range and the motherboard
             | manufacturer had a lot of late 80's chip stock?
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I suspect they enjoyed talking to me because I sounded
               | like a young woman (in a ~12 year old boy's body).
               | 
               | It was a no-name 486 DX2 66MHz from "Consumer's
               | Distributing" (defunct soviet-style Canadian retailer),
               | and a cheap model at that. 8250 was probably a cost-
               | cutting measure they felt like they could get away with.
               | 
               | Most people probably bought internal modems so these UART
               | issues wouldn't pop up. But we had bad experiences with
               | IRQ conflicts locking up the mouse on a previous
               | computer. Not an issue with Lynx/Pine/etc, but we wanted
               | GUI and Netscape, so we were trying to avoid that. Unsure
               | if our go-external plan made sense or not (does an
               | internal hardware modem run its own UART or communicate
               | over ISA to the board's serial port?).
               | 
               | It was a lot of calls, so I dutifully reinstalled the
               | drivers and tried a lot of dialer strings.
        
               | dicriseg wrote:
               | > Unsure if our go-external plan made sense or not (does
               | an internal hardware modem run its own UART or
               | communicate over ISA to the board's serial port?).
               | 
               | Internal hardware modems had their own UART. A lot of
               | them had DIP switches or jumpers where you'd set the IRQ
               | and COM port. You needed to set them to a free IRQ/COM
               | pair.
               | 
               | This will take you back in time: https://support.usr.com/
               | support/5685/5685-files/spvc336.pdf
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | It was probably unusual for this ISP to deal with a
               | bargain basement computer, but a premium external modem,
               | and the incompatibilities that can result.
        
           | giraffe333 wrote:
           | Worked at AOL tech support back in the day and I also still
           | have the occasional flashback to the pain these so called
           | modems caused us all.
        
             | dayjah wrote:
             | I worked at a non-AOL ISP as tech support back in the day
             | and still have the occasional flashback to having to talk
             | folks through uninstalling the custom TCP/IP stack the "Try
             | AOL" CDs would install.
        
               | dicriseg wrote:
               | There needs to be a special kind of therapist for people
               | like us.
        
             | blackhaz wrote:
             | I have a collection of retro stuff from my childhood - an
             | XT, a 386DX-40, Pentium-133, a bunch of hard drives,
             | motherboards, video and sound cards, and so on... I really
             | love all this retro stuff. But one night on eBay I've
             | stumbled upon the modem I've had - the MultiTech 28.8k. I
             | didn't buy it.
        
             | ryoshu wrote:
             | I was around for the gold master of AOL 5.0 (Kilimanjaro).
             | After the release we were pulled into a conference room to
             | get on a call with Steve Case. You don't want to get on a
             | call with the CEO immediately after a launch. It turns out
             | our execs were installing 5.0 and then... couldn't get
             | online. It hung with the modem init. As the person in
             | charge of the QA lab I pulled all of our test run data.
             | Couldn't duplicate on any of the dozens of machines. Sr.
             | devs were running debuggers. Didn't see anything on their
             | machines. We went into the office of our highest-level exec
             | and borrowed his laptop.
             | 
             | Winmodem. Dev hooked up a debugger and found the issue.
             | There was a bug in the soft modem driver. Hot fix was
             | released, but it was too late for the pressed CDs. Luckily
             | it was an edge case on high-end laptops. That were issued
             | to all of our execs with the buggy driver.
             | 
             | Good times.
        
         | jwells89 wrote:
         | "Winmodem" brings back memories of the dirt cheap Celeron-based
         | Compaq Presario minitower my parents bought at the very tail
         | end of 1999 as a quick replacement a 1996 Mac tower that had
         | its hard drive fail.
         | 
         | What a miserable machine that thing was. It might've been an
         | upgrade on paper but between Windows 98 and the terrible
         | hardware it was running on, it was a hopelessly crashy buggy
         | mess that rendered any performance advantages it had over the
         | Mac entirely moot.
         | 
         | Within a span of 6 months we sold it and replaced it with a
         | Dell Dimension 4100 that cost 3x as much and was much much
         | better, especially after replacing its stock 98SE install with
         | Win2K. We never bought bargain basement computers again after
         | that.
        
           | krooj wrote:
           | Our family went through the same thing with a budget Celeron
           | "MDG" computer running Windows 98. Awful. Keep in mind that,
           | like you, I had previously used a IIsi and an LC630, so I
           | figured... 300MHz, must be amazing?!?
           | 
           | At some point later, my high school had surplus Powermac
           | 7500/100s that were gifted from Nortel and I managed to snag
           | one, paired it with a USR 56k external modem and it was a
           | million times better than that Celeron econobox.
        
           | comprev wrote:
           | For me it brings back great memories of the first PC my folks
           | bought for the family home where they asked _me_ what spec
           | I'd like (Pentium 4, 256MB RAM, 30GB disk, 17" CRT,
           | Soundblaster Live! 5.1, Creative Labs 5.1 speakers). One
           | might say it was the catalyst to what became my career - and
           | love of gaming!
        
         | chrsig wrote:
         | freeing cpu/ram generally wasn't the motivator to get a
         | hardware modem. winmodems required drivers that generally were
         | only available for windows ("win"modem)
         | 
         | at a consumer level, the only people that ever knew or cared
         | were people trying to run linux or a bsd. h/w modems operated
         | over a serial port, and didn't require any special kernel
         | support.
        
           | abirch wrote:
           | That's how I learned about the kernel and modules. That and
           | getting a CD ROM to work.
        
           | bhumihang wrote:
           | Funbhbnjhh
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | I just remember winmodem drivers always being finicky and
         | rarely working.
        
         | comprev wrote:
         | Buying an external US Robotics 56k modem allowed me to get
         | online with RedHat 8 (boxset purchased from Amazon, IIRC), as
         | the PC I had contained a PCI Win-modem with no compatible Linux
         | drivers. It was a friend at school who introduced me to Linux.
         | Surfing the web at home on Linux in the early 00s felt like I
         | was in niche club :-)
        
           | 1letterunixname wrote:
           | Back in the day, Central Computer carried packaged RedHat and
           | clear vinyl Slackware CD sets. One of the few brick and
           | mortar computer and software store regional chains that still
           | exist in the US, the other being MicroCenter.
           | 
           | https://centralcomputer.com
           | 
           | https://www.microcenter.com
           | 
           | I worked at Egghead Software in high school and managed NFR
           | pricing on Netcom. Egghead was one of the first chains to go
           | under because it couldn't compete with the hypermarts like
           | CompUSA and Fry's Electronics, both of which are now also
           | defunct given way to BestBuy and Amazon.
        
         | 1letterunixname wrote:
         | Yep. Softmodems were hot garbage because they were generally
         | Windows only.
         | 
         | Gimme a Courier 56k or give me AOL at 75 baud.
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | It also made your PC slow and crappy in general and they didn't
         | work with real OSes. And they would often fail or crap out when
         | you were doing something else (most windows was still DOS based
         | and not fully multitasking back in those days) Yuck. Bottom of
         | the barrel stuff.
        
       | MichaelRo wrote:
       | I never had a modem. In 2000 I was attending University living in
       | a student hostel which had Internet by grace of allocated state
       | budget. It was horrifyingly slow. No idea what the original
       | connection was, but distributed through coaxial cable Ethernet to
       | hundreds of students rooms, it was barely usable. Also I had no
       | idea what I was doing, porn was one thing if by that you
       | understand navigating webrings on Altavista and leaving one image
       | to download overnight hoping by morning at least it starts to
       | show something. First time I saw real Internet on my first job in
       | 2001, a satellite downlink connection at 256 Kbit/sec (uplink was
       | a regular modem), I couldn't believe such speed was possible.
       | 
       | On the other hand the local LAN was a nonstop LAN-party, reaching
       | peak usage during exams season, when everyone should have been
       | learning but obviously they were hardly doing that between
       | Counterstrike rounds and such.
        
       | mkoryak wrote:
       | Ah this brings back some memories.. I forgot all about having to
       | connect to the Internet every day and how I could tell by the
       | sounds the modulator demodulator made if the connection was going
       | to succeed
        
       | tomhoward wrote:
       | My first full time job was doing phone tech support for dialup
       | internet users for one of Australia's biggest ISPs in the late
       | 90s. Many of the customers who'd call had just bought a new big-
       | brand desktop PC (most commonly a HP Pavillion) with a winmodem
       | in it, and so our job was to get it to work, even if their phone
       | line was bad, or had other devices (fax machines, alarms,
       | wireless phones) causing interference. We became very very
       | familiar with the AT command sets to adjust the settings on all
       | the different modem models, and with winmodems you'd often just
       | have to slow it right down to 33k, 28k or even less.
        
       | fnordpiglet wrote:
       | AT+MS=V34,1,2400,28800,2400,28800
        
       | bbarn wrote:
       | Man, this brings back memories - but I'm a little surprised 2001
       | is appended to the title. In the mid-90's I got my first 56K
       | modem and expected a world of faster connections only to realize
       | every BBS I was on didn't support it anyway.
       | 
       | By 2001 I think I had cable service, and most people in my area
       | could get it (suburb of Chicago at the time)
        
         | theodric wrote:
         | Metros got the good stuff earlier! The little rural town in
         | Illinois where I grew up, Bushnell, only got local dialup in
         | early 1997, and something approximating broadband in
         | about...2010(? I left in 2001); even that was lastmiled with
         | wireless. I knew the guy that ran the dialup ISP. They managed
         | to get a T1 to the bank HQ downtown and put their modem banks
         | there. 33.6 when they launched, 53k a little later on, and I
         | rarely saw it handshake faster than about 46k. But we were glad
         | of every kilobit.
        
           | Moto7451 wrote:
           | Even in LA I don't think I saw much more than a brief burst
           | of 53K. It really needed everything lined up correctly and my
           | old building with too many party lines was a noisy mess.
        
         | ac29 wrote:
         | 56k wasnt standardized until 2000, though the draft was
         | available a little earlier. There was also the very short lived
         | K56flex and X2 technologies that came out in 1997, but ISP
         | support and sales were pretty low.
        
         | marcus0x62 wrote:
         | It would have been difficult (expensive) for a BBS to support
         | 56k. The calling side modem could be on an analog POTS line,
         | but the called side needed a digital circuit, usually a PRI (T1
         | with ISDN signaling.) It was far easier for them to support
         | 64/128kbps ISDN -- all they needed was one or more dual-channel
         | BRI lines.
        
       | throw555chip wrote:
       | It's not related I guess but I remember connecting to CompuServe
       | in 1983 with a 300 Baud modem to catch up on the digital world.
        
       | andix wrote:
       | If I remember correctly back then in the US local phone calls and
       | also dial up wasn't charged per minute. What a heavenly place, we
       | had to pay around 2$ per hour, which added up a lot if you wanted
       | to go online for 2 hours every day.
       | 
       | Then in 2000 DSL started to be available. Not billed per minute
       | anymore, but per megabyte. 1GB was included per month and then it
       | was around 7ct per megabyte. So once again very expensive. And
       | no, there were no alternative providers available back then.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | My big bad national ISP used the same PPPoE authentication for
         | dialup and DSL. So you could buy an unlimited dialup account
         | and use those hours on DSL and chew through as much data as you
         | wanted. Later on, some independent ISPs sold logins+passwords
         | that you could use over the "Bell" DSL service and connect
         | through them for unlim data.
         | 
         | (I initially hated it when they switched their DSL service to
         | PPPoE over whatever they had before, because the PPPoE overhead
         | sucked up like 10-15% of your throughput... until I decided to
         | run a little test...)
        
         | marcus0x62 wrote:
         | ISPs in the US initially used unmetered access to compete
         | against legacy services like Compuserv that charged per-minute.
         | It also helped that they didn't typically incur per-minute
         | charges on their phone lines, and after 1997 or so, could buy
         | heavily subsidized lines from startup competitive telephone
         | companies (who in turn typically WERE collecting a per-minute
         | charge when the end users called into those lines from the
         | legacy local telephone company.) Once an ISP got big enough
         | they could connect to the SS7 network and buy inter machine
         | trunks. Those did have per-minute costs, and very high startup
         | costs, but they were so cheap compared to even the subsidized
         | T1/PRI prices it didn't really matter.
        
       | h2odragon wrote:
       | "Software modem" resource:
       | https://projects.osmocom.org/projects/retro-bbs/wiki/Softwar...
        
       | dep_b wrote:
       | When I worked at an Internet Helpdesk I routinely "downgraded"
       | V90 modems to V34 using AT+MS=V34 or AT+MS=11. Would connect much
       | quicker, more stable and the effective speed was exactly the
       | same.
       | 
       | V90 was really stretching the audible phone spectrum to the max
       | and any type of analog disruption would render it effectively
       | useless.
        
       | ceautery wrote:
       | Modem manufacturers were between a rock and a hard place back
       | then. It was already expensive to have hardware chips that
       | supported every available connection protocol, and the extra
       | horsepower you needed to support, say, BTLZ error correction had
       | to come from somewhere. So either add more hardware to the modem,
       | or offload that work to the slow computer CPUs of the late 90s
       | (when Winmodems first came out) which weren't up for the task.
       | 
       | I was in tech support when winmodems first hit the scene. The
       | best I could do for my users then was to configure their init
       | strings to use "buffered async" mode (&Q6 on an RPI modem, I
       | forget what it was for the Sportster winmodems) instead of error
       | correction.
       | 
       | Unrelated, poor Shawn. I wish I could have jumped on a 10 minute
       | phone call with him back then to troubleshoot his external modem
       | before he started spamming the forum and got himself banned.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | He got banned several months later. Difficult to see why (maybe
         | posts removed)? But a lot of people used "password" or whatever
         | as their password in 2001, so not unusual to see old accounts
         | axed.
        
       | aaronkjones wrote:
       | My first job was with a local, rural ISP in 2001. I convinced the
       | boss to let me have an additional account and I payed for a
       | second phone line. Initially I used some software (on Windows
       | 2000) to perform modem bonding (shotgun modem) with two modems.
       | Then, eventually upgraded to Diamond Supra Sonic II 112k. It of
       | course never reached 112k obviously but I was riding that high
       | for quite a while.
        
       | sonar_un wrote:
       | I still remember the modem string that I always used.
       | 
       | AT &F &C1 &D2 &Q5 &K0 S46=0
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | I think I got an actual 56k connection once, felt like a
       | millionaire.
       | 
       | 38.4k about 70% of the time, and 28k 20% or 14.4 the remaining
       | 10%.
        
       | 1letterunixname wrote:
       | And Flex vs. X2 before V.90.
        
       | keithnz wrote:
       | I used to dial up to a vax in terminal mode circa 1991 with a
       | 2400 baud modem. But sometimes it would connect at 300.... which
       | was painful. Not to mention there was only limited lines in so it
       | could take a while to get a connection, so even if you did
       | connect at 300, you'd often just put up with it.
       | 
       | Was a cool time, no one really knew anything about the internet
       | then and it felt like this awesome "secret world" that connected
       | you to the rest of the world!
        
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       (page generated 2023-11-19 23:00 UTC)