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Has influenza B/Yamagata become extinct and what implications might this have for quadrivalent influenza vaccines? [1]

['John Paget Saverio Caini Marco Del Riccio Willemijn Van Waarden Adam Meijer', 'John Paget', 'Netherlands Institute For Health Services Research', 'Nivel', 'Utrecht', 'The Netherlands', 'Saverio Caini', 'Marco Del Riccio', 'University Of Florence', 'Florence']

Date: 2022-09-29  

While two influenza B virus lineages have co-circulated, B/Yamagata-lineage circulation has not been confirmed since March 2020. The WHO FluNet database indicates that B/Yamagata-lineage detections were reported in 2021 and 2022. However, detections can result from use of quadrivalent live-attenuated vaccines. Of the type B viruses detected post-March 2020, all ascribed to a lineage have been B/Victoria-lineage. There is need for a global effort to detect and lineage-ascribe type B influenza viruses, to assess if B/Yamagata-lineage viruses have become extinct.

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[1] Url: https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.39.2200753

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