INDEX

 

Abduction, bridal, 670, 672

Aberdeen, NC, 640

Abernethy, Thomas, 775

Abernethy, NC, 640

Abingdon Parish, Eng., 240

Abingdon Parish, VA, 235

Abnaki, 452

Abolitionism, 855

Abraham, 23

Academies, 724

Accent, see Speech ways

Accomac Co., VA, 239, 240

Accomac Parish, VA, 235

Acrelius, Israel, 542

Ad Valorem, NC, 641

Adams, Charles Francis, 144

Adams, Jeremiah, 84

Adams, John, 109, 179, 193, 827, 834, 835, 842, 846

Adams, John Quincy, 108, 834, 836, 846, 847

Adams, Samuel, 139, 199, 202, 827

Adams, Thomas, 95

Addison, Joseph, 317, 416

Adultery, 499; MD, 299; MA, 82, 86, 88, 89, 194; VA, 299; Del. Valley, 499

Aethelred, 794

Age heaping: MA, 103; VA, 323; backcountry, 694, 696; summary, 813

Age structure; see Migration, age structure

Age ways: defined, 8; indicators, 11; MA, 103; VA, 321; Del. Valley, 513; backcountry, 691

Albany, NY, 816

Albemarle Co., VA, 381

Albion, 7

Alcock, George, 27, 51

Alcohol 689; see also Food ways; Foodstuffs

Alexander, Nathan, 648

Alexander family, 644, 664

Alexander III, 624

Alford, Eng., 40

Alfred, 241, 794, 824

Alien and Sedition Acts, 842

Alien Friends Act, 844

Allegany Co., MD, 240

Allen, Andrew, 466

Allen, Ann, 466

Allen, David Grayson, 168

Allen, Eleanor, 466

Allen, James, 466

Allen, John, 466

Allen, Margaret, 466

Allen, Nathaniel, 466

Allen, Nehemiah, 466

Allen, Thomas, 51

Allen, William, 466

Allen, William Sr., 466

Allen family, 467, 463, 464, 465

Allentown, PA, 444

Allerton, Isaac, 219

Allerton family, 216

Allestree, Richard, 334

Allyn, John, 40

Allyn family, 174

Alsace, 431

Alsop, George, 398

Alton, Eng., 245

American Revolution, 828

Ames, Fisher, 845

Ames, William, 51

Amherst, MA, 170

Anabaptists, 22, 796, 811

Anburey, Thomas, 361, 737

Andover, Eng., 38, 245

Andover, MA, 50, 169, 170

Andros, Edmund, 108, 809

Angles, 53

Anglesey, Wales, 430

Anglo-Irish, 616

Angola, 817

Anne, Queen, 320, 803

Anne Arundel Co., MD, 240

Animals, attitudes toward, 553

Anti-imperalism, 866

Anti-imperalist League, 866

Antigua, 319, 320

Antinomianism, 22, 49, 796

Antrim, Ire., 622

Antrim, NH, 640

Apple cheese, 543

Apprentices, 357

Arbella (ship), 14, 56, 174, 176

Architecture, see Building ways

Archdale, John, 420

Archer family, 226

Arga$$$. Elizabeth, 224, 309

Ariston$$$e, 321

Arlington, Lord, 209

Armadale, Scot., 608

Armagh, Ire., 622

Arminianism, 49, 7$$$5, 796

Arminius, Jacobus, 23

Armistead family, 216, 258

Armit, John, 466

Arms, coats of, 215, 318; see also Heraldry

Armstrong $$$an, 663

Arnold, $$$enedict, 466

Arthur, Chester A., $$$, $$$4, 836, 866

Asbury, Francis, 707

Ascension Day, 370

Ash Wednesday, 371

Ashe, Thomas, 737

Ashe family, 644

Ashton, John, 346

Ashton family, 216 Ma, 185: VA, $$$; D$$$. Valley, 577; backcountry, 759; summary, 814

Aston, 444

Aston family, 216

Astrology: VA, 341; Del. Valley, 520; backcountry, 710

A$$$eird, 241

Augusta Co., VA, 635

Austin, Moses, 747

Aylmer, Gerald, 902

Ayr, NC, 640

Ayr, Scot., 622

Babbitt, 886

Bacchus, NC, 640

Bachelors, attitudes toward: MA, 73; VA, 281

Backcountry, settlement of, 605-782; attitudes of other regions toward, 733; historiography, 787

Bacon, Francis, 111, 348

Bacon, Nathaniel, 220, 255, 396

Bacon family, 216

Bacon’s Rebellion, 208, 255, 408, 809

Badminton House, Eng., 413

Bailyn, Bernard, 155, 161, 609, 610, 614

Bala, PA, 444

Balch family, 784

Balfour, NC, 640

Balgra, NC, 640

Ball, William, 214

Ball family, 216

Ball’s Rebellion, 53

Ballads, 718

Ballard family, 216

Balloon frame house, 68

Baltimore Co., MD, 240

Bancroft, George, $$$27

Bane, Donald, 624

Bangs, Benjamin, 514

Bank Meeting House, Philadelphia, PA, 523

Bank of the United States, 849

Bankhead, John, 649

Bankhead, Tallulah, 649

Bankhead, William, 649

Bankhead family, 626, 648

Bankruptcy Act of 1800, 842, 844

Bannockburn, 625

Banns, MA, 81; VA, 281

Baptists, 433, 617, 706, 797

Barbados, 16, 155, 227, 438, 617

Barber, Rhoda, 571, 582, 693

Barber family, 464

Barbour, Hugh, 474, 448

Barclay, Robert, 515, 558, 561, 426, 796

Barmkin, 661

Barnes, Maybe, 4

Barnes, Rebecca, 491

Barnes, Richard, 403

Barring out: backcountry, 724; north Britain, 724

Bartram, John, 483, 547, 555

Bartram family, 463

Baseball, see also Illegitimacy

Bathing, 554

Bathurst family, 216

Bauman, Richard, 474, 514

Bayly, Lewis, 334

Bayly, Nicholas, 92

Bayly family, 92

Beadle (office), 100

Bean, Russell, 770

Beaufort, Dukes of, 413

Beckwith, John, 176

Beckwith family, 216

Bedell family, 216

Bedford, PA, 442

Bedfordshine 31, 219, 239, 442; migration: to MA, 35; to VA, 210, 239; to PA, 442

Belfast, Ire., 605, 606, 608, 657

Belfast, ME, 640

Bell family, 626, 648, 649, 699

Bellingham, Richard, 40

Bellot, John, 393

Benezet, Anthony, 602

Bennett family, 216

Ben’s Ridge, 642

Bensel, Richard, 865, 870

Bendy, William, 149

Benton, Thomas Hart, 875

Bere Regis, Eng., 241

Bergen Co., NJ, 816

Berkeley, Frances Culpeper, 456

Berkeley, George, 209

Berkeley, Henry, 209

Berkeley, John Lord, 209, 453

Berkeley, Maurice, 208, 209

Berkeley, Norborne, 223

Berkeley, William, 207, 209, 211, 212, 214, 215, 220, 221, 224, 226, 234, 248, 252, 255, 264, 286, 332, 333, 347, 366, 377, 370, 388, 405, 406, 408, 410, 804, 819

Berkeley, Castle, Eng., 208, 209

Berkeley family, 216, 221, 258

Berkeley Hundred, Eng., 262

Berkeley Hundred, VA, 236

Berkeley hunt, 208

Berkeley vale, Eng., 236

Berks Country, PA, 442

Berkshire, 208, 210, 205, 350; migration: to MA, 35; to VA, 210, 237; to PA, 438; forests in, 244

Bermuda, 155, 226, 614

Bernard, Francis, 826

Bernard family, 216

Bert’s Greek, 642

Berwick, Scot., 610, 622, 624

Berwyn, Wales, 444

Bestiality: MA, 91, 92; PA, 499

Berwick, Eng., 209

Beverley, Katherine, 222

Beverley, Peter, 222

Beverley, Robert, 220, 224, 247, 248, 251, 265, 333, 365, 366, 390, 416

Beverley, Susan, 224

Beverley, William, 378

Beverley Manor, VA, 377

Beverly, MA, 184, 192

Beversham, Elizabeth, 309

Biard, Pierre, 784

Bible, 307, 334, 426, 505, 683; Geneva, 96

Biddle, Nicholas, 849

Biddle family, 463, 465, 466

Big Fat Gap, 642

Big Sandy, 641

Big Trouble, 641

Big Valley, PA, 580

Biggs, Small-Hope, 97

Billerica, Eng., 38

Billerica, MA, 167

Bilton, 444

Birmingham, PA, 444

Blackfan, Rebecca Crispin, 466

Blackmail, 629

Blackstone, William, 51, 784

Blair, James, 222, 293, 318, 325, 361, 725

Blair, Samuel, 466

Blair family, 216

Bland, Richard, 224

Bland family, 216

Bland Free Coinage Bill of 1899, 865

Blasphemy: MA, 104; VA, 404

Blantyre, NC, 640

Blenheim, Eng., 320

Blind, care of, 855

Blissland Parish, VA, 235

Bloodrun Greek, 641

Bloodsports, see Sports and games

Bloody Rock, 642

Bloomfield Castle, Ire., 644

Blount conspiracy, 841

Blount family, 259

Blue laws, 163

Blundell, William, 305

Blunston, Samuel, 496

Blusion family, 464

Board of Trade, 804

Boodie, William, 716

Bolling, Jane, 224

Bolling family, 466

Bonneau, Floride, 648

Book if Common Prayer, 234, 282, 795

Books, burning of, 203

Books of Sufferings, Quaker, 424, 425

Boone, Daniel, 782

Booth family, 216, 259

Borderlands, emigration from, 605-32; map of, 627

Borough English, 172

Borsholders, 190

Bosely Cloud, Eng., 448

Boston, Eng., 38, 40

Boston, MA, 36, 107, 153, 169, 170, 492

Boston game, see Sports and games

Boston Stump, 40

Boswell, James, 608

Botetourt, Lord, 223

Botetourt family, 259

Botetout, William, 328

Boucher, Jonathan, 275

Boungrace, see Dress, articles of

Bownas, Samuel, 497

Boxford, Eng., 38

Boxford, MA, 170

Boxted, End., 67

Bradford, 444

Bradford, Eng., 445

Bradford, William, 78, 140

Bradstreet, Anne, 83, 98

Bradstreet, Anne Dudley, 14

Bradstreet, Dorcas, 40

Bradstreet, Dorothy, 40

Bradstreet, Dudley, 40

Bradstreet, Hannah, 40

Bradstreet, John, 40

Bradstreet, Mercy, 40

Bradstreet, Samuel, 40

Bradstreet, Sarah, 40

Bradstreet, Simon, 14, 27, 40, 51

Bradstreet family, 50

Braintree, Eng., 38, 176, 197

Braithwaite, William, 474

Bramston, Sir John, 52

Brand, Benjamin, 27

Brandeis University, 874

Brandywine Creek, 451

Brasenose College, Oxford, 221

Brassey family, 463, 465

Braunston, Eng., 221

Breaking out (winter): MA, 68

Breakneck Ridge, 641

Breckinridge, John, 858

Brent, Giles, 281

Brent family, 216

Brevard, Ephraim, 648

Brick, 269

Bridal cakes, 81

Bridenbaugh, Carl, 635

Bridlington, Eng., 420

Bridewain, 674

Bright, Henry, 173

Bringfurst family, 465

Brissot de Warville, 551

Bristol, 444

Bristol, Eng., 137, 219, 221, 227, 228, 239, 245, 463

Bristol Parish, Eng., 240

Bristol Parish, VA, 235

Broadhurst family, 213, 216

Brockbank, Thomas, 777

Brodnax family, 216

Brokeleg Branch, 641

Brontë, Anne, 445

Brontë, Charlotte, 445

Brontë, Emily, 445

Brooke, Lord, 178

Brooke, Richard, 279

Brooke family, 216

Brookline, MA, 169, 170, 184

Brooks, Cleanth, 259

Brougham, Henry, 646

Brougham, Lord, 648

Brougham Hall, 646

Brown, Hannah, 488

Brown, John, 857

Brown, R.J., 63

Brown University, 146

Browne, Abraham, 173

Browne, Edmund, 51

Browne, Margaret, 172

Browne, Richard, 27

Browne, Robert, 796

Brownes of Troutbeck family, 717

Bruce, Philip, 212, 333

Bruce, William Cabell, 220

Bruton, Eng., 208, 221

Bruton Church, 327

Bruton Parish, Eng., 240

Bruton Parish, VA, 235

Bruton Priory, Eng., 208

Brutus, 780

Bryn Mawr, PA, 444

Bryan, William Jennings, 819

Bryan’s Station, KY, 641

Buchanan, George, 657

Buchanan, James, 833, 834, 839, 857, 858

Buck, Richard, 233

Buckingham’s Revolt, 46

Buckinghamshire, 208, 219, 237, 442, 463; migration: to New Eng., 35; to VA, 219; to Delaware Valley, 438

Buckner, John, 347

Buckner family, 216

Bucks County, PA, 430, 438, 440, 442, 464

Budd, Mary, 466

Budd, Rose, 466

Budd, Thomas, 466, 534

Budd family, 463

BUILDING TECHNIQUES AND DETAILS

bays, 64, 66

box building, 63

brick building, 265, 269, 481

chambering over, 64

chimney girts, 64

chimney stacks, 63, 267, 273

clapboard, 63, 476, 658

clay daubing, 658

clay filling, 272

clay ramming, 272

crownposts, 63

doors, dead-nailed, 662

dormers, 265

fachwerk construction, 480

false stonework, 268

firepits, 657

fireplaces, 658

gables, 66, 67, 68

halls, central, 265, 477

hearths, cobble-paved, 662

hoods, 478, 479

jetties, 66

lean-to kitchens, 64

lintels, 476

lofts, 271

log chimneys, 658

loggias, 265

mortises, 63, 64

mullions, 662

pent houses, 662

pent roofs, 479

pentise roofs, 479

plastering, 476, 480

pole roofs, 657

puncheons, 272

purlins, 64

rafters, 63

rannel balks, 662

roof framing, 64

scantling, 63, 64

stone, 476

stairs, corner, 477

stucco, 272

summer halls, 265

tenons, 64

twelve pitch roof, 64

wattle and funk, 658

weatherboarding, 63

windbraces, 64

windows, 68, 476; casement, 68; double hung, 68; guillotine, 68

woodcladding, 63

BUILDING TYPES

balloon frame house, 68

barmkin, 661

cabin, 272, 628, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662

Cape Cod house, 64

church, Anglican, 335; cruciform (T shaped), 335, 338; cruciform (Latin cross), 336; cruciform (Greek cross), 339

corridor kitchen house, 481

court house, 117, 407

cowpen, 661

cross house, 481

dogtrot cabin, 658

double pen cabin, 660

flurkuchenhaus, 481

four over four house, 479

gabled box, 66, 67, 68

great house, 265, 266, 267, 268

Greek Revival house, 68

hall and parlor house, 66, 271

Kreuzhaus, 481

market house, 117

meeting house, Congregational, 117, 118, 119

meeting house, Quaker, 524, 525, 526

mobile homes, 662

peles, 628

puncheon house, 272

Quaker plan house, 479

saddlebag house, 660

salt box house, 64

statesman house, 658

stretched box house, 66

Virginia house, 264

Building ways: defined, 8; indicators, 11; MA, 62; VA, 264; Del. Valley, 476; backcountry, 655; summary, 814

Bulkeley, Peter, 19, 51

Bulkeley family, 49

Bull, ffly-fornication, 97

Bull, Governor, 723

Bull, William, 703, 743

Bullock, James, 360

Bundling, 79-80

Bunting family, 434, 463

Burd, James, 466

Burd, Sarah, 466

Burghley, Lord, 626

Burial customs: Massachusetts Puritans, 114; English, 276; Virginia Anglicans, 276, 328; Delaware Quakers, 520; Amish, 522; German Pietists, 522; Backcountry, 701; Border, 701; summary, 813

Burke, Edmund, 414

Burlington, 480

Burlington, NJ, 420, 421, 441, 442, 444

Burnaby, Andrew, 411

Burnett, Archibald, 281

Burnham, Walter Dean, 882, 884

Burns, Robert, 698, 699

Burnt Candlemas, 625

Burr, Aaron, 841

Burr family, 34

Burton, Robert, 209

Burwell, Lewis, 220

Burwell family, 216

Bush, George, 836, 887

Butler, Pierce, 772

Butt family, 216

Byllinge, Edward, 453

Byrd, Anne, 224

Byrd, Evelyn, 283

Byrd, Jane, 224

Byrd, Lucy Parke, 287, 289, 290, 292

Byrd, Maria, 224

Byrd, Mary, 224

Byrd, Mary Horsmanden Filmer, 220, 221, 222, 464

Byrd, Otway, 295

Byrd, Ursula, 224

Byrd, Wilhelmina, 224

Byrd, William, 218, 220, 222, 224, 253, 254, 256, 261, 280, 283, 287, 288, 289, 293, 300, 325, 326, 329, 348, 350, 367, 368, 369, 384, 385, 389, 401, 403, 646, 676, 754, 821

Byrd family, 216, 225, 378

Cabell family, 216

Cabins, 628

Cadwalader, Hannah, 466

Cadwalader family, 463, 464

Caesar, 780

Caldwell, David, 724, 733

Caldwell, Martha, 648

Caldwell, Silas, 648

Caldwell family, 644

Caledonian games, 738

Calendar: Massachusetts Puritans, 161; Virginia Anglicans, 370; Del. Valley Quakers, 561; backcountry settlers, 744; see also Time ways

Calhoun, Agnes, 648

Calhoun, Catherine, 644, 648, 677

Calhoun, Catherine Montgomery, 646

Calhoun, Ezekiel, 646, 648

Calhoun, Floride, 646, 648

Calhoun, James, 646, 648

Calhoun, Jane, 648

Calhoun, John Caldwell, 646, 648, 849

Calhoun, John E., 646, 648

Calhoun, Joseph, 648

Calhoun, Martha, 648

Calhoun, Mary, 648

Calhoun, Patrick, 644, 646, 648, 677, 691, 693

Calhoun, Patrick Jr., 648

Calhoun, Rebecca, 648

Calhoun, William, 646, 648

Calhoun family, 644, 649, 664

California, southern, 760

Calithumpian serenade, 673

Calling, 555; see also work ways

Callowhill, Hannah, 459, 463, 466

Calthorpe family, 216

Calvert, Benedict Leonard, 254

Calvert Co., MD, 240

Calvin, John, 22, 23

Calvinism, 21, 23, 112, 135, 190, 426, 795

Calvinists, 431

Calypso, NC, 640

Cambridge, Eng., 38

Cambridge, MA, 170, 194, 491

Cambridge University, 465

Cambridgeshire, 31, 219, 239; migration: to New Eng., 35; to VA, 219, 239; to Del. Valley, 438

Cambry, PA, 444

Camden, William, 383, 445, 628

Cameron, Richard, 616

Cameronians, 616

Camm, Ann, 492

Camp meeting, 679

Campbell, William, 649

Campbell County, KY, 752

Campbell family, 644

Campbelltown, NC, 776

Campground, 641

Candle lighting, 162

Candlemas, 395

Canmore, Malcolm, 624

Cannon, John, 315, 393

Canterbury, Eng., 30

Cape Ann, MA, 50, 784

Cape, Cod house, 64

Cape Fear Valley, NC, 818

Cape Newagen, Boothbay, ME, 784

Capital punishment: in Puritan colonies, 193, 194; in Virginia, 400; in Quaker colonies, 588; in backcountry, 767

Capping, 574

Carew, Francis, 284

Carew, Nicholas, 284

Carlisle, Eng., 491, 622

Carlisle, PA, 442, 444

Carmarthen, Wales: migration to Del. Valley, 438

Carnarvon, Wales, 430

Carolina, 263, 420, 453, 804; see also North Carolina; South Carolina

Caroline, Queen, 413

Carpenter, Samuel, 466

Carpenter family, 432, 463, 464

Carr, Peter, 362

Carrickfergus, Ire., 457, 458, 605, 642, 701

Carroll, Dr. Charles, 247

Carroll Co., MD, 240

Carter, Bob, 303

Carter, Charles, 220, 224

Carter, Fanny, 305

Cater, Jimmy, 834, 837, 884

Carter, John, 222

Carter, Landon, 220, 224, 296, 305, 324, 378, 415

Carter, Robert, 276, 278, 331, 348, 367

Carter, Robert “King,” 222, 337

Carter, Robert Wormeley, 324

Carter Co., TN, 751

Carter family, 213, 216, 256, 258, 275, 378

Carteret, George, 453

Carteret, John, 748

Carver, John, 784

Cary family, 216, 225, 275

Cash, W.J., 758

Cass, Lewis, 853

Castle Cary, Eng., 221, 394

Castlereagh, Ire., 642, 685

Catawba River, NC, settlement patterns, 761

Cat (game), see Sports and games

Catlett family, 216

Cato, 317, 416

Cavalier myth and historiography, 207, 208, 225, 227, 786

Cavalryman’s lisp, 823

Cavendish, Charles, 417

Cavendish, William, 347, 417

Cecil Co., MD, 240, 423

Ceely, Major, 576

Celtic, 684

Celts, 241, 620

Challdey, Thomas, 512, 531

Challenge and response, theory of, 54

Chambering, 82

Chamberlain, Thomas, 218

Chamberlayne, Thomas, 220, 224

Chamberlayne family, 216

Champion, 153

Channel Islands, migration: to New England, 152; to VA, 219, 239

Chapman, Sarah, 163

Cha$$$: England 82; MA, 82; VA, 295

Charles I, 16, 51, 108, 207, 211, 223, 269, 355, 416, 625, 781, 803, 804, 808

Charles II, 208, 228, 377, 416, 419, 459, 803, 804, 809

Charles City Co., VA, 239, 240

Charles Co., MD, 240

Charlestown, MA, 36

Charlie’s Bunion Mountain, 642

Charlotte, NC, 639

Charter of Privileges, 595, 600

Chase faction (MD), 830

Chases, 244

Chastelleux, Marquis de, 688

Chauncey family, 49

Chaytor, William, 630

Cheadle, Eng., 450

Cheate, Charles, 314

Cheever, Ezekiel, 51

Chrisman family, 216

Chelsea, MA, 785

Chelmsford, Eng., 38

Cherokee War, 773

Chesapeake Bay, environmental conditions, 247, 805; map, 249

Chesapeake groups, 208

Cheshire, 219, 239, 450, 463, 476 migration to MA, 35; to VA, 219, 239; to Del. Valley, 438

Chester, Frances, 309

Chester, PA, 442, 444

Chester Co., PA, 430, 437, 442, 464, 532, 587, 591

Chester Creek, 451

Chesterfield, PA, 444

Chevalier, Michel, 831

Chew family, 216

Chicheley, Henry, 254

Chicheley family, 213, 214, 216, 256

Chichester, Eng., 245

Child-naming ways, see Naming ways

Child-rearing way: defined, 8; indicators, 11; Massachusetts Puritans, 97, 113; Virg$$$ Anglicans, 311; Del. Valley Quakers, 507; backcountry settlers, 687; summary, 814

Children, abuse of, 770

Chilton family, 216

China, 866

Chivalry, 583

Cheisman family, 259

Christ Church, VA, 339

Christ Church, Oxford, 218, 334, 458

Christ Church Parish, Lancaster, VA, 235

Christ Church Parish, Middlesex, VA, 235

Christ’s College, Cambridge, 34

Christian, Ewen, 685

Christian, John, 685

Christian, Mr., 313

Christian Co., KY, 752

Christian family, 685

Christiana, 445

Christmas: Massachusetts Puritans, 163; Virginia Anglicans, 350, 370, 395; Delaware Valley Quakers, 561; backcountry settlers, 745

Church of England, see Religions denominations, Anglican

Church Hall, Boxted, England, 67

Church membership. MA, 22, VA, 234, 235, 236

Church seating: Massachusetts Congregationalists, 103; Virg$$$ Anglicans, 337, 339; Del. Valley Quakers, 522, 526; backcountry Presbyterians, 691

Churchill family, 216

Churchman, George, 516

City on a Hill, applied to East Anglia, 47

Civil War, American, 859; historiography, 860

Civil War, English, 212, 216, 218, 234, 243, 416, 584, 860

Clabber, 728

Clabber Branch, 641

Claiborne, William, 216

Clampitt, Henry, 395

Clans, 627, 663; see Family ways, backcountry

Clap, Roger, 18

Clapbread, 728

Clarence’s Rising, 46

Clark, Dr. John, 29

Clarke family, 216

Clay, Henry, 850, 853

Clayton family, 216

Clayworth, Eng., 580, 581

Cleveland, Benjamin, 649

Cleveland, Grover, 833, 834, 836

Clifford, Simon, 394

Climate and culture: New England, 53; Chesapeake, 251; Del. Valley, 451; backcountry, 638; compared, 806

Clinton, De Witt, 846

Clinton, Theophilus, 51

Clintonian elite (NY), 830

Clocks, 161, 536; alarm, 160

Clopton, Thomasine, 40

Clopton family, 216

Clubmen, 242, 246

Clydebank, Scot., 609

Clymer family, 466

Coale, Josiah, 452

Cochecho, Dover, 784

Cocke, Secretary, 327

Cocke family, 216

Cockle bread, see Sports and games

Cockshailing, see Sports and games

Coitus interrruptus, 93

Colchester, Eng., 47

Cole, Alan, 434

Cole, Be-courteous, 97

Cole, Richard, 333

Cole, Robert, 27

Cole family, 216

Colerain, 640

Colhoun family, 646

Colleges in American colonies: Harvard, 109, 146, 147, 180, 725; Yale, 110, 149; Brown, 146; Dartmouth, 146; Princeton, 146, 150, 644; Rutgers, 150; William and Mary, 224, 298, 348; Pennsylvania, 467; Queens (N.C.), 825

Collinson, Peter, 555

Colne Engaine, Eng., 66

Colonial mood: Massachusetts Puritans, 93; Virginia Anglicans, 252; Del. Valley Quakers, 468; backcountry settlers, 650

Comity: defined, 8; indicators, 11; Massachusetts Puritans, 181; Virginia Anglicans, 389; Delaware Valley Quakers, 577; Backcountry settlers, 759; summary, 814

Commencement Day (holiday in Massachusetts), 164

Commerce; see Work ways; Wealth ways

Commission for Foreign Plantations, 808

Commission Government, PA, 592

Committee for America, 808

Committee for Foreign Plantations, 808

Committee for Trade and Plantations, 809

Compromise of 1850, 856

Conant, Roger, 784

Conant family, 785

Conant’s Island, Mass. Bay, 784

Conception, season of: New England, 166; Chesapeake colonies, 371; Delaware Valley, 565

Concord, MA, 36, 53, 89, 133, 153, 170, 184, 200

Concord, PA, 442

Condescension, 385, 407

Confederacy, 861

Congregationalism, 21, 422, 796, 797

Conjuring, 711

Connecticut, founding of, 32, 34, 194

Constables, 72, 190

Continental Congress, 828

Contraception: MA, 92, 93; Del. Valley, 502

Cooke, Elizabeth, 309

Cooke, Richard, 520

Cooke Co., TN, 751

Cookwood family, 259

Coolidge, Calvin, 836, 868

Coolidge, John, 173

Cooper, Anne Whitall, 537, 541

Cooper, James Fenimore, 58, 733

Cooper, Sybil Matlock, 518

Cooper, William, 78, 599

Cope, William, 261

Coppice cutting, 658

Corbin family, 214, 216

Corncake, 641

Cornwall, migration: to VA, 219, 237, 239; to Del. Valley, 438

Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 334

Corwin House, Salem, MA, 67

Cotesworth, William, 771, 781

Cotswold Edge, Eng., 236

Cotton, Ann Lake, 46

Cotton, Elizabeth, 41

Cotton, John, 18, 19, 22, 23, 40, 49, 51, 70, 87, 130, 156, 177, 818

Cotton, Maria, 42, 50

Cotton, Seaborn, 40

Cotton family, 40

Country party (in Pennsylvania politics), 591

Coursing, see Sports and games

Court records, 86

Courting sticks, 79, 80

Cousins: MA, 70; VA, 275; backcountry, 667

Covenant, 23

Cowpens, 661, 741

Coxe, Sally, 466

Coxe family, 463, 464, 467, 644

Crackers, 757, 758

Craig’s Creek, VA, 641

Craighead, Alexander, 648

Craighead, Jean, 648

Craighead, Nancy, 648

Cranberry Islands, ME, 785

Crashaw, William, 232

Craven family, 216

Crawford family, 664

Crefeld, 444

Crenshaw family, 259

Cresheim, 444

Cresson, James, 466

Creswell, Mr., 112

Crime rates: New Eng. colonies, 191; Chesapeake colonies, 404; Del. Valley colonies, 587; backcountry settlements, 703, 768; compared, 815

Criolian degeneracy, 56, 133

Crock, John, 794

Cromwell, Oliver, 78, 804, 808, 832

Cromwell, Thomas, 208

Croshaw family, 216

Cryde, Arthur, 322

Cuba, 866

Cuckold’s Creek, 642

Culpeper, Frances, 220, 224

Culpeper, Lord, 347

Culpeper, Thomas, 388, 456

Culpeper, Thomas Lord, 224, 377

Culpeper family, 213, 216, 256

Cumber, 556

Cumberland, Duke of, 640

Cumberland, Eng., 463, 610, 621; migration: to MA, 35; to VA, 219, 239; to Del. Valley, 438, 439

Cumberland, MD, 640

Cumberland counties, 642

Cumberland Co., KY, 752

Cumberland Co., VA, 769

Cumberland Gap, 640

Cumberland Knob, NC, 640

Cumberland Mountains, KY, 640

Cumberland River, TN, 640

Curfew, 162

Curtis, William, 127

Curwen, Jonathan, 40

Custis, Frances Parke, 292

Custis, John, 292

Custis family, 213, 216, 241

Cutler, Timothy, 110

Cutthroat Gap, 641

Dalkeith, NC, 640

Dalton, Michael, 399

Damariscove Island, 784

Dancing: VA, 313; Quaker attitudes, 511

Dancing Assembly, Philadelphia, 467

Dane, John, 18, 20, 126

Dane, Robert, 437

Dane Law, 793

Danes, 53, 241, 429

Darby, PA, 444

Darenth, Eng., 64, 65

Dartmouth, Earl of, 759

Daubing, 658

Davenport, John, 19

David, king (Scot.), 624

Davies, Samuel, 644

Davis, James H. “Cyclone,” 867

Davis, John W., 868

Davy, Alice, 569

Davy, Dionnis, 569

De la Warre, Lord, 233

De Miranda, Francisco, 551

Death ways: defined, 8; indicators, 11; Massachusetts Puritans, 111; Virginia Anglicans, 326; Del. Valley Quakers, 517; backcountry settlers, 697; summary, 813

Debatable lands, 639

Debt: Virginia and England, 367, 368; Quaker attitudes toward, 557

Declension, 820

Dedham, Eng., 38, 197

Dedham, MA, 21, 53, 153, 167, 170, 184, 200

Deer parks, 244

Deerfield, MA, 195

Deference, 384, 407; south of England, 243; summary, 814

Defoe, Daniel, 802

DeLancey, James, 466

Delaware, Lord, see De la Warre

Delaware Indians, 452

Delaware Valley, environment, 451, 453, 455

Democratic-Republican party, 844

Demos, John, 68, 129

Denbigh, PA, 444

Denby, Wales, migration to Del. Valley, 438

Denison, Daniel, 40

Denominations, religious; see Religion, denominations of

Depravity, Puritan idea of, 23

Deputy husbands, 85

Derbfine, 663, 694

Derby, Eng., 149

Derbyshire, 219, 450, 463, 476; migration: to New England, 35; to VA, 219; to Del. Valley, 421, 438; Quakers in, 422

Derry, Ire., 622

Derry, NH, 640

Descent of names, see Naming ways

Devil’s Tater Patch, 641

Devonshire, 219, 239, 261, 383; migration: to New England, 35; to VA, 219, 236, 239; to Del. Valley, 438

D’Ewes, Sir Simonds, 52

Dewey, Thomas, 881

Dewey family, 34

Dexter, Henry Martyn, 49

Dickinson, Jonathan, 605, 633

Dickinson family, 467

Dickson, R.J., 609

Dickson, W., 654

Digges, Cole, 222

Digges, Thomas, 224

Digges family, 213, 214, 216

Dillingham, John, 27

Dillington, Richard, 310

Dillwyn, Sarah, 466

Dillwyn, Susanna, 509

Dillwyn, Susannah, 509, 511

Dillwyn, William, 509, 510, 518

Dilworth, James, 466

Dilworth, John, 466

Dilworth, Thomas, 466

Dilworth, William, 466

Dilworth family, 463, 465

Dilworthtown, PA, 444

Dinwiddie family, 259

Discovery (ship), 226

Divorce: Massachusetts Puritans, 77, 82; Virginia Anglicans, 281

Dobbs, Arthur, 666