3 Jack D. Marietta, “Ecclesiastical Discipline in the Society of Friends, 1682-1776” (thesis, Stanford, 1968), 31-32.

4 Caleb Raper Commonplace Book, 1711, HAV.

5“We were met to confirm the agreement between thy brother and his sweetheart. … She is really an agreeable girl and don’t doubt they’ll live happily together.” James Pemberton to John Smith, 15.xi.1741/2, John Smith Correspondence, HSP.