2 Edwin B. Bronner, William Penn’s “Holy Experiment”: The Founding of Pennsylvania, 1681-1701 (New York, 1962), 134-53; Gary B. Nash, Quakers and Politics: Pennsylvania, 1681-1726 (Princeton, 1968), 127-80.
1 Craig Carver, American Regional Dialects: A Word Geography (Ann Arbor, 1987), 248; Hans Kurath, A Word Geography of the Eastern United States (Ann Arbor, 1949), v; Ashcom agrees: “ … this Midland area which is linguistically distinct from the Northern and Southern areas and is in part set off by sharp boundaries, corresponds to the Pennsylvania settlement area.” B. B. Ashcom, “Notes on the Language of the Bedford, Pennsylvania, Subarea,” AS 28 (1953), 241; see also Ann Louise Sen, “The Linguistic Geography of Eighteenth-Century New Jersey Speech Phonology” (thesis, Princeton, 1973); Raven I. McDavid, Jr., Linguistic Atlas of the Middle and South Atlantic States (Chicago, 1980).