13 Samuel Eliot Morison, Frederick Merk and Frank Friedel, Dissent in Three American Wars (Cambridge, 1970), 78-79; Robert Beisner, Twelve Against Empire: The Anti-Imperialists, 1898-1900 (New York, 1968); E. Berkeley Tompkins, Anti-Imperialism in the United States: The Great Debate, 1890-1920 (1970).