7 Johnson, Wonder-working Providence, 246–47.

8 John J. McCusker and Russell R. Menard, The Economy of British America, 1607-1789 (Chapel Hill, 1985), 92; Bernard Bailyn, New England Merchants in the Seventeenth Century (Cambridge, Mass., 1955).

9 Bailyn, New England Merchants in the Seventeenth Century, 45.