8 Karl B. Raitz, Appalachia, A Regional Geography: Land, People and Development (Boulder, Colo., and London, 1984), 115.

9 Miles, The Spirit of the Mountains, 19-20.

10 T. W. Carrick, History of Wigton (Cumberland) (Carlisle, 1949), 25.

11North Carolina Folklore, I, 482.