15 Henry Cabot Lodge, “The Distribution of Ability in the United States,” in Historical and Political Essays (Cambridge, 1892), 138-68; Lodge quantified Appleton’s Cyclopaedia of American Biography. Half a century later, similar inquiries were made by southern scholars, who quantified the Dictionary of American Biography with the same result. Cf. Rupert Vance, “The Geography of Distinction: The Nation and Its Regions, 1790-1927,” SF 18 (1939), 168-79; Dumas Malone, “The Geography of American Achievement,” AM 154 (1934), 666-79.

16 Havelock Ellis, A Study of British Genius (rev. ed., Boston, 1926). Ellis quantified the Dictionary of National Biography.