CHAPTER 10: WAR WITHOUT END

1 John Whiteclay Chambers (ed.), The Eagle and the Dove: The American Peace Movement and United States Foreign Policy 1900-1922 (Syracuse, NY, 1991), p. 131.

2 Lloyd George, War Memoirs (2 vols, London, 1938), vol. 2, p. 1513.

3 Chambers, The Eagle and the Dove, p. 131.

4 Niall Ferguson, The Pity of War (London, 1998), pp. 248-9.

5 David Trask, The AEF and Coalition Warmaking 1917-1918 (Kansas, 1993), pp. 12, 16-17.

6 Mario Morselli, Caporetto 1917: Victory or Defeat? (London, 2001), p. 111.

7 Harald Høiback, Command and Control in Military Crisis (London, 2003), pp. 20, 44.

8 F. M. Cutlack (ed.), War Letters of General Monash (Sydney, 1935), p. 223.

9 Georges Clemenceau, Grandeurs et misères d’une victoire (Paris, 1930), p. 20.

10 Ibid., p. 22.

11 Hubert Gough, The March Retreat (London, 1934), pp. 154-5.

12 Robert Blake (ed.), The Private Papers of Douglas Haig (London, 1952), p. 303.

13 Guy Pedroncini, Pétain: général-en-chef (Paris, 1974), p. 360.

14 Rudolph Binding, A Fatalist at War (London, 1929), p. 234.

15 Wilhelm, Kronprinz von Preussen, Meine Erinnerungen aus Deutschlands Heldenkampf (Berlin, 1923), p. 338.

16 Vera Brittain, Testament of Youth: An Autobiographical Study of the Years 1900-1925 (London, 1978), pp. 420-1.

17 John Morrow, The Great War in the Air (Shrewsbury, 1993), p. 322; for 1918 production, see also J. M. Spaight, The Beginnings of Organised Air Power (London, 1927), p. 293.

18 Binding, A Fatalist at War, p. 239.

19 J. P. Harris, Men, Ideas and Tanks (Manchester, 1995), p. 89.

20 James H. Hallas (ed.), Doughboy War: The American Expeditionary Force in World War I (Boulder, CO, 2000), p. 174.

21 Charles Mangin, Lettres de guerre 1914-1918 (Paris, 1950), p. 284.

22 Rupprecht, Kronprinz von Bayern, Mein Kriegstagebuch (3 vols, Berlin, 1929), vol. 2, pp. 424-5, 430.

23 Memoirs of Marshal Foch (London, 1931), pp. 427-8.

24 Robin Prior and Trevor Wilson, Command on the Western Front (Oxford, 1992), p. 311.

25 Gerhard Ritter, The Sword and the Sceptre: the problem of militarism in Germany (4 vols, London, 1971-73), vol. 4, p. 331.

26 Mark Cornwall, The Undermining of Austria-Hungary: the battle for hearts and minds (Basingstoke, 2000), p. 305.

27 Blake, The Private Papers of Douglas Haig, p. 324.

28 J. C. Dunn, The War the Infantry Knew, 1914-1919 (London, 1987; first published 1938), p. 516.

29 Prior and Wilson, Command on the Western Front, pp. 373-4.

30 Max von Baden, Erinnerungen und Dokumente (Stuttgart, 1968), p. 324.

31 Diary of Heinrich-Gottfried Vietinghoff, 28 September 1918, Bundes-Archiv Militär-Archiv, N574/2.

32 Carl Mhlmann, Oberste Hceresleitung und Balkan (Berlin, 1942), p. 230.

33 Général Jouinot-Gambetta, Uskub (Paris, 1920), p. 89.

34 Alan Palmer, The Gardeners of Salonika (New York, 1965), p. 229.

35 Cornwall, The Undermining of Austria-Hungary, p. 421.

36 R. H. Lutz, The Causes of the German Collapse in 1918 (Stanford, CA, 1934), p. 268.

37 8 October 1918; Hans Peter Hanssen, Diary of a Dying Empire (Port Washington, NY, 1973), pp. 332-3.

38 R. H. Lutz (ed.), The Fall of the German Empire (Stanford, CA, 1932), vol. 2, pp. 541-2.

39 Stanley Weintrauh, A Stillness Heard Around the World (Oxford, 1987), p. 175.

40 Blake, The Private Papers of Douglas Haig, p. 333.

41 Mark Derez, ‘Belgium: A Soldier’s Tale’, in Hugh Cecil and Peter Liddle (eds), At the Eleventh Hour (Barnsley, 1998), pp. 109, 133.

42 Henri Domelier, Au GQG allemand (Paris, 1919), p. 370.

43 Jean Nicot, Les Poilus ont la parole: lettres du front: 1917-1918 (Brussels, 1998), pp. 553-4.

44 Herbert Sulzbach. With the German Guns: four years on the Western Front 1914-1918, trans. Richard Thonger (London, 1973), p. 255.

45 Evelyn. Princess Blücher, An English Wife in Berlin (London, 1920), p. 305.

46 Heinz Hagenlcke, ‘Germany and the Armistice’, in Hugh Cecil and Peter Liddle (eds), At the Eleventh Hour (Barnsley, 1998), p. 40.

47 Ernst Jnger, The Storm of Steel (London, 1929), pp. 316-17.

48 Margaret Macmillan, Peacemakers: the Paris Conference of 1919 and its attempt to end war (London, 2001), p. 475.

49 Ibid., p. 52.

50 Keith Jeffery, Military Correspondence of Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson (London, 1985), p. 133.

51 ‘Correspondance entre Romain Rolland et Jean-Richard Bloch 1914 — 1919’, La Revue Europe, nos 95-103 (1953-4), p. 84.

52 Anna Eisenmenger, Blockade: The Diary of an Austrian Miliddle-class Woman (London, 1932), p. 265.

53 Sapper’s War Stories (London, n.d.), p. 10.

54 Margaret Cole (ed.), Beatrice Webb’s Diaries (London, 1952), p. 137.

55 John Jackson, unpublished memoir, quoted by permission of his family.

56 Ian Hay [John Beith], Their Name Liveth (London, 1931), pp. 2, 152, 154.