| Alboin, Lombard king (d. 574), 9 |
| Albornoz, Gil Alvarez Carillo, cardinal ( 1300-67), 256 |
| Alcuin of York ( 735-804), 75, 95, 96 |
| Aleppo, 174 |
| Alexander II, pope (d. 1073), 128 |
| Alexandria, 42 |
| Alexius I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor ( 1048-1118), 168, 169 -70, 202, 203 |
| Alexius II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor ( 1167-83), 220 |
| Alexius IV Angelus, Byzantine emperor (d. 1204), 221 |
| Alfonsi, Peter, Jewish scholar (fl. 1140), 195 |
| Alfonso, count of Provence (d. 1209), 180 |
| Alfonso I ('the Battler'), king of Aragon (d. 1134), 194 |
| Alfonso II, king of Aragon (d. 1196), 180, 189 |
| Afonso V ('the Magnanimous'), king of Aragon and Naples ( 1390-1458), 261 |
| Alfonso VI, king of Léon-Castile (d. 1109), 183, 192, 193, 194 |
| Alfonso VII, king of Castile (d. 1157), 125 |
| Alfonso X ('the Wise'), king of Castile ( 1221-84), 247 |
| Alfonso XI, king of Castile ( 1312-50), 254 |
| Alfred ('the Great'), king of Wessex ( 849-99), 102, 103 |
| allod, 115 -16, 180 |
| Alphonse de Poitiers (d. 1271), 285 |
| Alsace-Lorraine, 293 |
| Amalfi: |
| Amiens, 160 |
| Anagni, papal palace at, 288 |
| Anastasius, Byzantine emperor (d. 518), 6 |
| Anatolia: | cultural life, 53 | | Islam and, 12 | | nomadic invasions of, 169, 170 | | Persians in, 10 | | urban decline in, 23, 24 |
|
| Ancona, 212, 220 |
| Andrew II, king of Hungary ( 1175-1235), 243 |
| Andronicus I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor (d. 1185), 220 |
| Andronicus II Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor ( 1260-1332), 241 |
| Andronicus III Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor ( 1296?-1341), 241 |
| Angers, church of Saint-Maurice, 321 |
| Angevins: |
| Angilbert, Frankish scholar (d. 814), 97 |
| Angles, 63 |
| Anglo-French war, see Hundred Years War |
| Anglo-Saxons: | kingship, 78, 83 -4 | | law, 77 | | religion, 71 -4 | | scholarship, 96 |
|
| Anjou, 152 |
| Anna Comnena, Byzantine historian ( 1083-1148), 117 -18 |
| Anno, archbishop of Cologne (d. 1075), 144 |
| Anskar, archbishop of Hamburg ( 801-65), 75 |
| Antioch ( Syria), 42, 204, 205, 220 | principality of, 245 | | siege of ( 1097-8), 202 -3 |
|
| Antony, St ( 251?-356), 42 |
| Antwerp, 329 |
| apocalyptic, 222 |
| Apulia, 200 |