1378 Great Schism of the western church begins; revolt of
the Ciompi in Florence: workers in the wool industry
seize power for six weeks
1379-83 Revolts in Flanders against Count Louis de Male and
the crown of France led by Philip van Artevelde
1381 John Wycliffe's writings condemned and he is expelled
from Oxford
1384 Philip the Bold, duke of Burgundy, succeeds to the
counties of Flanders and Artois
1386 Union of the kingdom of Poland and the duchy of
Lithuania under Ladislas II Jagellon
1387 Thessalonica, second largest city of the Byzantine
empire, falls to Ottomans
1389 Serbs defeated by Turks at Kossovo, though the sultan,
Murad I, also killed there
1392-4 First onset of Charles VI of France's bouts of madness:
rivalry for power within France between the houses
of Orleans and Burgundy
1396 Truce made at Leulinghen between England and France
suspends hostilities until 1403; massive western
crusade ends in fiasco at Nicopolis; Manuel
Chrysoloras hired to teach Greek at the University of
Florence
1397 Norway, Sweden, and Denmark united by the Union of
Kalmar
1398 Withdrawal of obedience by the French Church from
the schismatic papacy
1401 Ghiberti wins competition for the second bronze
Baptistery doors in Florence, the beginning of
Renaissance sculpture
1402 Death of Giangaleazzo Visconti, duke of Milan, who
had briefly united most of northern and much of
central Italy under his personal rule
1403 German masters of Prague University condemn
Wycliffe's writings, Czech masters oppose this
decision
1404 Death of Philip the Bold of Burgundy; Burgundian
influence at Paris increases under his son John the
Fearless
1407 Assassination of Louis, duke of Orleans at Paris by the
Burgundian faction

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