1156 | Frederick Barbarossa restores Bavaria to Henry the Lion, who is already duke of Saxony; the former duke of Bavaria, Henry Jasomirgott, is compensated with Austria |
1158 | Roncaglia Decrees |
1159 | John of Salisbury produces his Policraticus, a work of political observation drawing heavily upon classical authors |
1160 | Work begins on the construction of the first Gothic cathedral, Laon; Notre Dame is begun in 1163 |
1166 | Revolt of Serbians under Stephan Nemanja |
1167 | Formation of the Lombard League |
1168 | Henry the Lion marries Matilda, daughter of Henry II of England |
1169 | In the peace of Montmirail Louis VII insists that Henry II must divide his lands between his sons |
1171 | Downfall of Fatimid caliphate in Cairo |
1173 | Revolt of Henry, son of Henry II, supported by Louis VII |
1176 | Byzantine defeat at Myriocephalon |
1180 | Henry the Lion deprived of his duchies; he is forced into exile the following year |
1181 | Henry II's sons again rebel |
1182 | Massacre of Latins in Constantinople |
1185 | By the treaty of Boves Philip Augustus substantially increases the French crown lands at the expense of Count Philip of Flanders; Revolt of Bulgarians under Peter and Asen; Thessalonica sacked by Normans |
1187 | Battle of Hattin; Saladin captures Jerusalem |
1188 | Another rebellion by Henry II's sons, aided by Philip Augustus |
1189-91 | During the absence of Frederick Barbarossa on crusade Henry the Lion attempts to recover Saxony but is defeated |
1192-4 | Philip Augustus returns early from crusade and takes advantage of Richard I of England's absence and captivity to secure border fortresses in Normandy; Edicts against Cathars by rulers of Montpellier and Aragon |
1194 | Chartres cathedral largely destroyed by fire; work begins on its Gothic rebuilding; Henry VI of |
-359-