1338 | Declaration of Rhense abolishes papal approval of the seven Electors' choice of emperor |
1340 | Edward III of England formally assumes the title of king of France |
1341-7 | Second civil war in Byzantium |
1342 | Walter of Brienne, duke of Athens, lord of Florence |
1342-6 | Peruzzi, Bardi, and other smaller Tuscan banks crash |
1343 | Kingdom of Majorca definitively united with Aragon |
1346 | English defeat the French at Crecy |
1347 | Siege and capture of Calais by Edward III of England |
1347-50 | First wave of the Black Death sweeps Europe killing over a third of the population |
1348 | Foundation of Prague University by the Emperor Charles IV, king of Bohemia |
1354 | Turks take Gallipoli, their first European conquest |
1355 | Death of Stefan Dugan, ruler of Serbia, a defender of Europe against the Turks |
1356 | French defeated by Anglo-Gascon force at Maupertuis, near Poitiers; Golden Bull defines powers of the imperial princes |
1358 | Peasant rising (Jacquerie) in France |
1360 | Treaty of Brétigny-Calais: Edward III renounces his claim to the crown of France in return for a greatly expanded duchy of Aquitaine; terms never fulfilled |
1361 | Second wave of plague begins |
1365 | Vienna University founded by Rudolf, duke of Austria |
1369 | Hundred Years War reopens after appeal against the Black Prince, governor of Aquitaine, by Gascon lords; Henry of Trastamara gains the Castilian throne |
1370 | Death of Casimir the Great, last Piast king of Poland; accession of Louis I of Anjou, king of Hungary to the kingdom of Poland |
1371 | Serbs defeated by Ottomans at the River Marica |
1372 | English defeat at sea off La Rochelle by a Franco- Castilian fleet |
1374 | Death of Francesco Petrarca, forerunner of the humanist movement |
1376-8 | War of the Eight Saints between the papacy and Florence |
1377 | Pope Gregory XI returns to Rome from Avignon |
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