LIST OF MAPS
The Mediterranean in the reign of Justinian 8
Visigothic and Arabic Spain 14
Byzantium and her eastern and Balkan neighbours in the
ninth century 16
Lombard and Byzantine Italy 18
The political fragmentation of Italy, c.900 19
Movements of peoples in the fifth century 58
Northern Europe, c.600 81
The Carolingian Empire at the treaty of Verdun, 843 92
Viking routes 100
The German kingdom in the tenth century 140
The duchy of Saxony under Henry the Lion 148
The Angevin lands in 1154 151
Philip I of France's royal demesne 156
The Byzantine Empire, c.1025 166
The Christian Reconquista in Spain 191
Latin power in the Near East 207
Western trade with Islam in the ninth to eleventh
centuries
214
The Balkans (a) in 1216, (b) in 1400 238
Italy after 1454 259
The states of the west in the later Middle Ages 284
France and the German Empire, c. 1450 292
The Hundred Years War (a) in the fourteenth century, 296
(b) in the fifteenth century 297

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