England (cont.):
kingship in, 277
vernacular literature, 322 -3, 327 -8
Vikings in, 101 -4, 106 -7, 118
see also under Normans
Eorpwald, king of East Anglia (fl. c. 628), 83
Ephesus, decline of, 23 -4
Epirus ( Greece), Byzantines in, 239, 240
episcopacy, 28, 39 - 40, 41, 50, 69, 71, 132 -3
and kingship, 93, 125 -8, 157
Erlembald Cotta, of Milan (d. 1075), 186
Erlembaldi family of Flanders, 114
Ernst, duke of Swabia (d. 1030), 143
Este family of Ferrara, 275
Esztergom, archbishopric of, 142
Eudo, duke of Aquitaine (d. 735), 90
Eugenios, Greek scholar, 200
Eugenius III, pope (d. 1153), 147, 194
Eyck, Jan Van (c. 1389-1441), 317, 329
Ezzelino III da Romano (d. 1259), 233
family and kinship ties, vi, 47 -8, 69, 70, 71, 77, 113 -14, 137, 138
see also marriage
Farfa, monastery at, 44, 183
Felix, St, bishop of the East Angles (d.c. 647), 84
Ferdinand II, king of Aragon and Sicily ( 1452-1516), 263 -4, 265
Ferdinand III, king of Castile ( 1217-52), 246
Fernán González, count of Castile (d. 970), 190
Ferrante, king of Naples (d. 1494), 262
feudalism, 116, 180
Fez, 24
Ficino, Marsiglio ( 1433-99), 329
fiefs, 116
finance, see banking
flagellation, 303
Flambard, Ranulf, bishop of Durham (d. 1128), 305
Flanders, 121, 122
agriculture, 121
art, see Low Countries
Burgundian rule, 303, 321
cities, ix, 304
counts of, 106, 113, 114, 124, 158, 279, 321
politics, 119, 121 -2, 291, 299
trade, 124
Vikings in, 103, 106
war, 295, 298 ; risings of 1382-4, 303
Florence, 260 -1, 327
administration, 257, 258, 272 ; Ordinances of Justice ( 1293), 232
art and architecture: cathedral, 326 ; painters, 273 -4; San Lorenzo, 274 ; Santa Maria Novella, 274 ; Santo Spirito, 274
cloth industry, 235
papacy and, 256
social revolution, 256, 257, 258
trade, 235, 255
university, 271
see also Guelphism
Flote, Pierre, French jurist (d. 1302), 288
Foix, house of, 289, 294, 299
Fonte Avellana, monastery at, 183
fortifications, 118, 231
see also castles
Fouquet, Jean, French artist (d. 1480), 318
France, 112, 150 -61
agriculture, 121 -2
art, 136, 315 -16, 318
English dominions in, see under Angevins
French language, 68, 96, 321 -2, 323, 326, 327
Jews in, 123
justice, 39
kingdom of, 112, 150 -61, 283 -94; see also Capetian; Valois; and under kingship
nobility, 290 -2

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