1. Guido Calabresi and Philip Bobbitt, Tragic Choices (New York: Norton, 1978).
2. See also Hendrick Spruyt, “Institutional Selection in International Relations: State Anarchy as Order,” International Organization 48(1994): 527.
3. Jeremy Black, War and the World: Military Power and the Fate of Continents, 1450 – 2000 (Yale University Press, 1998), 133. “War is not always won by the big battalions and the determinist economic account that would explain success in international relations in terms of the economic strength of particular states… is open to question.” See also Niall Ferguson, The Pity of War (New York: Basic Books, 1999).