How KENNETH UDUT approaches Science News Headlines (step by step process): Here is my process: a) See news headline. b) Read article. c) Find data-points within news article. Numbers are usually good. d) Ask question: Can I draw conclusion based on limited data? Yes/No? If Yes: e) Draw conclusion, publish opinion. If No: e) Find authors of study. f) Study background of authors of study. g) Look for possible bias. [their horse-shit in particular] IF BIAS FOUND: h) Stop. Draw conclusion. Publish opinion. IF BIAS appears minimal, or the horseshit factor is statistically insignificant: h) Continue. i) Find original study. Priority order: j) Full article is preferred. Look at images first, then look at bold-faced type throughout text., then conclusion, then introduction. If that is enough, stop. Draw conclusion, publish opinion. If not, read inbetween text. or j) Abstract. Treat Abstract as identical to news article. or j) worst case: count how many articles REFERENCE said study, and determine the possible influence of said article upon other articles that reference it. This requires excessive inferring on my part, and I consider it less reliable, but sometimes that is all that I have to work with, as not everything is on the Internet yet. I live in Google Scholar sometimes. I may be a (knee) jerk at times, but not without reason.